A review of machine vision technology for defect detection in curved ceramic materials

Curved ceramic materials possess corrosion-resistant, heat-resistant, and exceptional hardness, rendering them indispensable in many critical fields, including automotive, aerospace, biomedical, architectural, and artistic applications. The detection of defects in these materials is of paramount importance; but traditional inspection methods fall short due to their unique structural characteristics. Presently, the assessment of curved ceramics predominantly relies on manual inspection, which is fraught with subjective errors and inefficiencies. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the advancements in machine vision technology as applied to defect detection across various types of curved ceramic materials, including industrial, daily-use, and artistic ceramics. The paper highlights the key factors influencing the development of surface defect detection technology in curved ceramics. It summarises the advantages and disadvantages of traditional machine vision and deep learning approaches for defect detection in curved ceramics and analyzes their respective application scopes. Concluding with an examination of the technical challenges inherent in defect detection, the paper also outlines a prospective trajectory for the advancement of inspection technology in curved ceramic materials.