Preparation and expansion properties of a graphite intercalation compound containing phosphorus

A graphite intercalation compound(GIC) was prepared by the chemical oxidation method using natural graphite flakes,HClO_4,H_3PO_4 and CrO_3 as raw materials with mass ratios of 1:1:2:0.3.It was characterized by SEM,EDS,XPS,FT—IR,XRD and TGA.The expansion volume of the GIC was 350 mL·g~(-1) at 300 ℃ and reached the highest value of 610 mL·g~(-1) at800 ℃.The expansion volume of this GIC was obviously higher than the GICs using H_2SO_4 as an intercalating agent.The intercalating agents of the GIC were PO_4~(3-),C1O_4~- and Cr_2O_7~(2-).