PREPARATION RESEARCH ON ULTRAFINE CARBON POWDERS FROM CARBONACEOUS SOL GEL

By using green petroleum coke as starting material, the mixture of sulfuric acid and nitric acid and the mixture of sulfuric acid and peroxide of hydrogen as oxidizing agent, the aqua mesophases were prepared. The aqua mesophases were dissolved in ethylene glycol solvent to obtain carbonaceous sol gels. Then the carbonaceous sol gel was dried under supercritical conditions to prepare primary ultrafine carbon powders. The primary ultrafine carbon powders were heat treated at 550℃~1 200℃ in flowing nitrogen. The primary ultrafine carbon powders and their heat treated product were characterized by FT IR, X ray diffraction, TG and TEM analyses. The results show that the ultrafine carbon powders are composed of aggregated nanosized particles. The aggregation of primary ultrafine carbon powders may be contributed to the functional groups of aqua mesophase. The ultrafine carbon powders are poorly graphitized carbon.