Bimetallic Metal–Organic Framework Nanoparticles for Monitoring Metabolic Changes in Cardiovascular Disorders

A group of disorders known as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) affect the blood vessels that supply the heart muscle. CVDs are the leading global cause of death; however, the absence of a successful metabolomic strategy has impeded the advancement of CVD research. Because of this great challenge, bimetallic metal–organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles (NPs) have been developed for metabolic finger printings (MFs) in the study of molecular changes in CVD and coronary artery disease (CAD). A simple method for the design of various bimetallic MOF-NPs based on Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIFs) and bimetallic structure is reported. The serum MF was determined by examining 500 nL of natural serum in a few of seconds using the best bimetallic MOFs candidate (containing both Zn and Cu) integrated with assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI MS). Through the disclosed technology and a serum-based organization model, CVD patients could be differentiated from controls and CAD that have a sensitivity of 96% and a specificity of 93%. Furthermore, a portion of serum metabolic profiles with consistent changes can be used to track the progression of CVD, CAD, and controls. This study presents a state-of-the-art molecular approach for the metabolomic characterization of CVD and CAD that could one day be utilized to mimic clinical decisions in personalized therapy for cardiovascular disorders.