Advancements in Thermo and Photothermal CO ₂ Hydrogenation to Light Olefins Using Fe‐Based Catalysts: Current Progress and Future Directions

ABSTRACT The development of human industry inevitably leads to excessive carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) emissions. It can cause critical ecological consequences, primarily global warming and ocean acidification. In this regard, close attention is paid to the carbon capture, utilization, and storage concept. The key component of this concept is the catalytic conversion of CO ₂ into valuable chemical compounds and fuels. Light olefins are one of the most industrially important chemicals, and their sustainable production via CO ₂ hydrogenation could be a prospective way to reach carbon neutrality. Fe‐based materials are widely recognized as effective thermocatalysts and photothermal catalysts for that process thanks to their low cost, high activity, and good stability. This review critically examines the most recent progress in the development and optimization of Fe‐based catalysts for CO ₂ hydrogenation into light olefins. Particular attention is paid to understanding the roles of catalyst composition, structural properties, and promoters in enhancing catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability.