Polystyrene/Fluorinated Polyurethane Electrospinning Nanofiber Membranes Incorporated with Graphene Oxide–Halamine as Mask Filter Materials for Reusable Antibacterial Applications

The efficient filtering of particulate matter (PM) with particle diameters of less than 0.3 μm (PM0.3) is challenging. Therefore, mask filter materials with effective interception of PM0.3 and long-term antibacterial performance are urgently required. Herein, polystyrene/fluorinated polyurethane (PS/FPU)-doped graphene oxide–halamine (GO–GH) nanofiber membranes were prepared via electrospinning, and the relevant morphology, structure, and applicable properties were systematically characterized. The diameters of the PS/FPU/GO–GH nanofibers were significantly lower than those of the PS/FPU fibers, and GO–GH doping increased the Young’s modulus and tensile strength of the material by more than 100%. Additionally, in terms of filtration performance, an efficiency of 99.5% was obtained for a nanofiber filter mask constructed using the PS/FPU/GO–GH membrane, with a filtration resistance of 54 Pa. The antibacterial rate of the PS/FPU/GO–GH against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli reached more than 97%. Furthermore, after 10 chlorination/quenching cycles, a high bacteriostatic rate was still demonstrated for the membrane. This work would provide a strategy for the fabrication of nanofiber filter materials for reusable antibacterial applications.