UItra-low friction and edge-pinning effect in large-lattice-mismatch van der Waals heterostructures
Source abstract
Abstract
Two-dimensional heterostructures are excellent platforms to realize twist-angle-independent ultra-low friction due to their weak interlayer van der Waals interactions and natural lattice mismatch. However, for finite-size interfaces, the effect of domain edges on the friction process remains unclear. Here we report the superlubricity phenomenon and the edge-pinning effect at MoS2/graphite and MoS2/hexagonal boron nitride van der Waals heterostructure interfaces. We found that the friction coefficients of these heterostructures are below 10-6. Molecular dynamics simulations corroborate the experiments, which highlights the contribution of edges and interface steps to friction forces. Our experiments and simulations provide more information on the sliding mechanism of finite low-dimensional structures, which is vital to understand the friction process of laminar solid lubricants.
Source: europepmc · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications · Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research · Adhesion, Friction, and Surface Interactions
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (42)
Show source-provided references
1. Holmberg, K., Andersson, P. & Erdemir, A. Global energy consumption due to friction in passenger cars. Tribol. Int. 47, 221–234 (2012).10.1016/j.triboint.2011.11.022 ↗
2. Holmberg, K. & Erdemir, A. Influence of tribology on global energy consumption, costs and emissions. Friction 5, 263–284 (2017).10.1007/s40544-017-0183-5 ↗
3. Shinjo, K. & Hirano, M. Dynamics of friction—superlubric state. Surf. Sci. 283, 473–478 (1993).10.1016/0039-6028(93)91022-H ↗
4. Geim, A. K. & Grigorieva, I. V. Van der Waals heterostructures. Nature 499, 419–425 (2013).10.1038/nature12385 ↗
5. Dienwiebel, M. et al. Superlubricity of graphite. Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 126101 (2004).10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.126101 ↗
6. Zheng, Q. et al. Self-retracting motion of graphite microflakes. Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 067205 (2008).10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.067205 ↗
7. Li, H. et al. Superlubricity between MoS2 monolayers. Adv. Mater. 29, 1701474 (2017).10.1002/adma.201701474 ↗
8. Filippov, A. E., Dienwiebel, M., Frenken, J. W., Klafter, J. & Urbakh, M. Torque and twist against superlubricity. Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 046102 (2008).10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.046102 ↗
9. Ribeiro-Palau, R. et al. Twistable electronics with dynamically rotatable heterostructures. Science 361, 690–693 (2018).10.1126/science.aat6981 ↗
10. Song, Y. et al. Robust microscale superlubricity in graphite/hexagonal boron nitride layered heterojunctions. Nat. Mater. 17, 894–899 (2018).10.1038/s41563-018-0144-z ↗
11. Wang, D. et al. Thermally induced graphene rotation on hexagonal boron nitride. Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 126101 (2016).10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.126101 ↗
12. Leven, I., Krepel, D., Shemesh, O. & Hod, O. Robust superlubricity in graphene/h-BN heterojunctions. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 4, 115–120 (2013).10.1021/jz301758c ↗
13. Mandelli, D., Leven, I., Hod, O. & Urbakh, M. Sliding friction of graphene/hexagonal–boron nitride heterojunctions: a route to robust superlubricity. Sci. Rep. 7, 10851 (2017).10.1038/s41598-017-10522-8 ↗
14. Yu, H. et al. Precisely aligned monolayer MoS2 epitaxially grown on h-BN basal plane. Small 13, 1603005 (2017).10.1002/smll.201603005 ↗
15. Du, L. J. et al. Modulating PL and electronic structures of MoS2/graphene heterostructures via interlayer twisting angle. Appl. Phys. Lett. 111, 26310 (2017).10.1063/1.5011120 ↗
16. Yang, W. et al. Epitaxial growth of single-domain graphene on hexagonal boron nitride. Nat. Mater. 12, 792–797 (2013).10.1038/nmat3695 ↗
17. Radisavljevic, B., Radenovic, A., Brivio, J., Giacometti, V. & Kis, A. Single-layer MoS2 transistors. Nat. Nanotechnol. 6, 147–150 (2011).10.1038/nnano.2010.279 ↗
18. Liao, M. et al. Twist angle-dependent conductivities across MoS2/graphene heterojunctions. Nat. Commun. 9, 4068 (2018).10.1038/s41467-018-06555-w ↗
19. Müser, M. H. in Fundamentals of Friction and Wear on the Nanoscale (eds Gnecco, E. & Meyer, E.) 209–232 (Springer International, 2015).10.1007/978-3-319-10560-4_11 ↗
20. Li, B. et al. Probing van der Waals interactions at two-dimensional heterointerfaces. Nat. Nanotechnol. 14, 567–572 (2019).10.1038/s41565-019-0405-2 ↗
21. Martin, J. M., Donnet, C., Lemogne, T. & Epicier, T. Superlubricity of molybdenum-disulfide. Phys. Rev. B 48, 10583–10586 (1993).10.1103/PhysRevB.48.10583 ↗
22. Berman, D., Deshmukh, S. A., Sankaranarayanan, S. K., Erdemir, A. & Sumant, A. V. Macroscale superlubricity enabled by graphene nanoscroll formation. Science 348, 1118–1122 (2015).10.1126/science.1262024 ↗
23. Dietzel, D., Feldmann, M., Schwarz, U. D., Fuchs, H. & Schirmeisen, A. Scaling laws of structural lubricity. Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 235502 (2013).10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.235502 ↗
24. de Wijn, A. S. (In)commensurability, scaling, and multiplicity of friction in nanocrystals and application to gold nanocrystals on graphite. Phys. Rev. B 86, 085429 (2012).10.1103/PhysRevB.86.085429 ↗
25. Muser, M. H., Wenning, L. & Robbins, M. O. Simple microscopic theory of Amontons’s laws for static friction. Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1295–1298 (2001).10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1295 ↗
26. Yankowitz, M. et al. Emergence of superlattice Dirac points in graphene on hexagonal boron nitride. Nat. Phys. 8, 382–386 (2012).10.1038/nphys2272 ↗
27. Wang, E. et al. Gaps induced by inversion symmetry breaking and second-generation Dirac cones in graphene/hexagonal boron nitride. Nat. Phys. 12, 1111–1116 (2016).10.1038/nphys3856 ↗
28. Gao, W. & Tkatchenko, A. Sliding mechanisms in multilayered hexagonal boron nitride and graphene: the effects of directionality, thickness, and sliding constraints. Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 096101 (2015).10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.096101 ↗
29. Mandelli, D., Ouyang, W., Urbakh, M. & Hod, O. The princess and the nanoscale pea: long-range penetration of surface distortions into layered materials stacks. ACS Nano 13, 7603–7609 (2019).10.1021/acsnano.9b00645 ↗
30. Ding, Z. W., Pei, Q. X., Jiang, J. W., Huang, W. X. & Zhang, Y. W. Interfacial thermal conductance in graphene/MoS2 heterostructures. Carbon 96, 888–896 (2016).10.1016/j.carbon.2015.10.046 ↗
31. Brenner, D. W. et al. A second-generation reactive empirical bond order (REBO) potential energy expression for hydrocarbons. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 14, 783–802 (2002).10.1088/0953-8984/14/4/312 ↗
32. Silva, A., Claerbout, V. E. P., Polcar, T., Kramer, D. & Nicolini, P. Exploring the stability of twisted van der Waals heterostructures. ACS Appl. Mater. Inter. 12, 45214–45221 (2020).10.1021/acsami.0c13971 ↗
33. Chen, Z., Khajeh, A., Martini, A. & Kim, S. H. Chemical and physical origins of friction on surfaces with atomic steps. Sci. Adv. 5, eaaw0513 (2019).10.1126/sciadv.aaw0513 ↗
34. Sader, J. E., Chon, J. W. M. & Mulvaney, P. Calibration of rectangular atomic force microscope cantilevers. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 70, 3967–3969 (1999).10.1063/1.1150021 ↗
35. Wagner, K., Cheng, P. & Vezenov, D. Noncontact method for calibration of lateral forces in scanning force microscopy. Langmuir 27, 4635–4644 (2011).10.1021/la1046172 ↗
36. Schonfeld, B., Huang, J. J. & Moss, S. C. Anisotropic mean-square displacements (MSD) in single-crystals of 2H-MoS2 and 3R-MoS2. Acta Crystallogr. B 39, 404–407 (1983).10.1107/S0108768183002645 ↗
37. Zemann, J. Crystal structures. Vol. 1 by R. W. G. Wyckoff. Acta Crystallogr. 18, 139–139 (1965).10.1107/S0365110X65000361 ↗
38. Grazulis, S. et al. Crystallography Open Database (COD): an open-access collection of crystal structures and platform for world-wide collaboration. Nucleic Acids Res. 40, D420–D427 (2012).10.1093/nar/gkr900 ↗
39. Nose, S. A unified formulation of the constant temperature molecular-dynamics methods. J. Chem. Phys. 81, 511–519 (1984).10.1063/1.447334 ↗
40. Hoover, W. G. Canonical dynamics—equilibrium phase-space distributions. Phys. Rev. A 31, 1695–1697 (1985).10.1103/PhysRevA.31.1695 ↗
41. Plimpton, S. Fast parallel algorithms for short-range molecular-dynamics. J. Comput. Phys. 117, 1–19 (1995).10.1006/jcph.1995.1039 ↗
42. Humphrey, W., Dalke, A. & Schulten, K. VMD: visual molecular dynamics. J. Mol. Graph. 14, 33–38 (1996).10.1016/0263-7855(96)00018-5 ↗