journal article·2015-07

Phonon wave interference and thermal bandgap materials

Martin Maldovan

Nature Materials· Volume 14· Issue 7
Publisher page

Abstract

Wave interference modifies phonon velocities and density of states, and in doing so creates forbidden energy bandgaps for thermal phonons. Materials that exhibit wave interference effects allow the flow of thermal energy to be manipulated by controlling the material's thermal conductivity or using heat mirrors to reflect thermal vibrations. The technological potential of these materials, such as enhanced thermoelectric energy conversion and improved thermal insulation, has fuelled the search for highly efficient phonon wave interference and thermal bandgap materials. In this Progress Article, we discuss recent developments in the understanding and manipulation of heat transport. We show that the rational design and fabrication of nanostructures provides unprecedented opportunities for creating wave-like behaviour of heat, leading to a fundamentally new approach for manipulating the transfer of thermal energy.
Source: europepmc · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Thermal properties of materials · Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices · Thermal Radiation and Cooling Technologies

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (82)

Show source-provided references
1. Snyder, G. J. & Toberer, E. S. Complex thermoelectric materials. Nature Mater. 7, 105–114 (2008).10.1038/nmat2090 ↗
2. Bell, L. E. Cooling, heating, generating power, and recovering waste heat with thermoelectric systems. Science 321, 1457–1461 (2008).10.1126/science.1158899 ↗
3. Venkatasubramanian, R., Siivola, E., Colpitts, T. & O'Quinn, B. Thin-film thermoelectric devices with high-room temperature figures of merit. Nature 413, 597–602 (2001).10.1038/35098012 ↗
4. Hsu, K. F. et al. Cubic AgPbmSbTe2+m: Bulk thermoelectric materials with high figure of merit. Science 303, 818–821 (2004).10.1126/science.1092963 ↗
5. Hochbaum, A. I. et al. Enhanced thermoelectric performance of rough silicon nanowires. Nature 451, 163–167 (2008).10.1038/nature06381 ↗
6. Poudel, B. et al. High-thermoelectric performance of nanostructured bismuth antimony telluride bulk alloys. Science 320, 634–638 (2008).10.1126/science.1156446 ↗
7. Biswas, K. et al. High-performance bulk thermoelectrics with all-scale hierarchical structures. Nature 489, 414–418 (2012).10.1038/nature11439 ↗
8. Tian, B. et al. Coaxial silicon nanowires as solar cells and nanoelectronic power sources. Nature 449, 885–889 (2007).10.1038/nature06181 ↗
9. Steele, B. C. H. & Heinzel, A. Materials for fuel-cell technologies. Nature 414, 345–352 (2001).10.1038/35104620 ↗
10. Padture, N. P., Gell, M. & Jordan, E. H. Thermal barrier coatings for gas-turbine engine applications. Science 296, 280–284 (2002).10.1126/science.1068609 ↗
11. Costescu, R. M., Cahill, D. G., Fabreguette, F. H., Sechrist, Z. A. & George, S. M. Ultra-low thermal conductivity in W/Al2O3 nanolaminates. Science 303, 989–990 (2004).10.1126/science.1093711 ↗
12. Chiritescu, C. et al. Ultralow thermal conductivity in disordered, layered WSe2 crystals. Science 315, 351–353 (2007).10.1126/science.1136494 ↗
13. Toberer, E. S., Baranowski, L. L. & Dames, C. Advances in thermal conductivity. Annu. Rev. Mater. Res. 42, 179–209 (2012).10.1146/annurev-matsci-070511-155040 ↗
14. Vineis, C. J., Shakouri, A., Majumdar, A. & Kanatzidis, M. G. Nanostructured thermoelectrics: Big efficiency gains from small features. Adv. Mater. 22, 3970–3980 (2010).10.1002/adma.201000839 ↗
15. Cahill, D. G. et al. Nanoscale thermal transport. Appl. Phys. Rev. 1, 011305 (2014).10.1063/1.4832615 ↗
16. Zebarjadi, M., Esfarjani, K., Dresselhaus, M. S., Ren, Z. F. & Chen, G. Perspectives on thermoelectrics: From fundamentals to device applications. Energy Environ. Sci. 5, 5147–5162 (2012).10.1039/C1EE02497C ↗
17. Luckyanova, M. N. et al. Coherent heat conduction in superlattices. Science 338, 936–939 (2012).10.1126/science.1225549 ↗
18. Ravichandran, J. et al. Crossover from incoherent to coherent phonon scattering in epitaxial oxide superlattices. Nature Mater. 13, 168–172 (2014).10.1038/nmat3826 ↗
19. Simkin, M. V. & Mahan, G. D. Minimum thermal conductivity of superlattices. Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 927–930 (2000).10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.927 ↗
20. Zen, N., Puurtinen, T. A., Isotalo, T. J., Chaudhuri, S. & Maasilta, I. J. Engineering thermal conductance using a two-dimensional phononic crystal. Nature Commun. 5, 3435 (2014).10.1038/ncomms4435 ↗
21. Maldovan, M. Narrow low-frequency spectrum and heat management by thermocrystals. Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 025902 (2013).10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.025902 ↗
22. Ashcroft, N. W. & Mermin, N. D. Solid State Physics (Saunders College, 1976).
23. Kittel, C. Introduction to Solid State Physics 8th edn (Wiley, 2005).
24. Yablonovitch, E. Inhibited spontaneous emission in solid-state physics and electronics. Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2059–2062 (1987).10.1103/PhysRevLett.58.2059 ↗
25. John, S. Strong localization of photons in certain disordered dielectric superlattices. Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2486–2489 (1987).10.1103/PhysRevLett.58.2486 ↗
26. Joannopoulos, J. D., Johnson, S. G., Winn, J. N. & Meade, R. D. Photonic Crystals: Molding the Flow of Light (Princeton Univ., 2008).
27. Joannopoulos, J. D., Villeneuve, P. R. & Fan, S. Photonic crystals: Putting a new twist on light. Nature 386, 143–149 (1997).10.1038/386143a0 ↗
28. Kushwaha, M. S., Halevi, P., Dobrzynski, L. & Djafari-Rouhani, B. Acoustic band structure of periodic elastic composites. Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 2022–2025 (1993).10.1103/PhysRevLett.71.2022 ↗
29. Sigalas, M. M. & Economou, E. N. Band structure of elastic waves in two dimensional systems. Solid State Commun. 86, 141–143 (1993).10.1016/0038-1098(93)90888-T ↗
30. Liu, Z. Y. et al. Locally resonant sonic materials. Science 289, 1734–1736 (2000).10.1126/science.289.5485.1734 ↗
31. Thomas, E. L., Gorishnyy, T. & Maldovan, M. Phononics: Colloidal crystals go hypersonic. Nature Mater. 5, 773–774 (2006).10.1038/nmat1744 ↗
32. Pennec, Y., Vasseur, J. O., Djafari-Rouhani, B., Dobrzynski, L. & Deymier, P. A. Two-dimensional phononic crystals: Examples and applications. Surf. Sci. Rep. 65, 229–291 (2010).10.1016/j.surfrep.2010.08.002 ↗
33. Yablonovitch, E. Photonic crystals: Semiconductors of light. Sci. Am. 285, 46–55 (2001).10.1038/scientificamerican1201-46 ↗
34. Noda, S., Tomoda, K., Yamamoto, N. & Chutinan, A. Full three-dimensional photonic band gap crystals at near-infrared frequencies. Science 289, 604–606 (2000).10.1126/science.289.5479.604 ↗
35. Ziman, J. M. Electrons and Phonons (Cambridge Univ., 2001).10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198507796.001.0001 ↗
36. Henry, A. S. & Chen, G. Spectral phonon transport properties of silicon based on molecular dynamics simulations and lattice dynamics. J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci. 5, 1–12 (2008).10.1166/jctn.2008.2454 ↗
37. Esfarjani, K. & Chen, G. Heat transport in silicon from first-principles calculations. Phys. Rev. B 84, 085204 (2011).10.1103/PhysRevB.84.085204 ↗
38. Dames, C. & Chen, G. in Thermoelectrics Handbook: Macro to Nano (ed. Rowe, D.) Ch. 42 (CRC Press, 2005).
39. Tian, Z. et al. Phonon conduction in PbSe, PbTe, and PbTe1−xSex from first-principles calculations. Phys. Rev. B 85, 184303 (2012).10.1103/PhysRevB.85.184303 ↗
40. Mingo, N., Hauser, D., Kobayashi, N. P., Plissonnier, M. & Shakouri, A. Nanoparticle in alloy approach to efficient thermoelectrics: Silicides in SiGe. Nano Lett. 9, 711–715 (2009).10.1021/nl8031982 ↗
41. Garg, J., Bonini, N., Kozinsky, B. & Marzari, N. Role of disorder and anharmonicity in the thermal conductivity of silicon germanium alloys: A first principle study. Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 045901 (2011).10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.045901 ↗
42. Kundu, A., Mingo, N., Broido, D. A. & Stewart, D. A. Role of light and heavy embedded nanoparticles on the thermal conductivity of SiGe alloys. Phys. Rev. B 84, 125426 (2011).10.1103/PhysRevB.84.125426 ↗
43. Wang, Z. & Mingo, N. Diameter dependence of SiGe nanowire thermal conductivity. Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 101903 (2010).10.1063/1.3486171 ↗
44. Maldovan, M. & Thomas, E. L. Periodic Materials and Interference Lithography: For Photonics, Phononics, and Mechanics (Wiley, 2008).10.1002/9783527625390 ↗
45. Swartz, E. T. & Pohl, R. O. Thermal boundary resistance. Rev. Mod. Phys. 61, 605–668 (1989).10.1103/RevModPhys.61.605 ↗
46. Maldovan, M. & Thomas, E. L. Simultaneous localization of photons and phonons in two-dimensional periodic structures. Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 251907 (2006).10.1063/1.2216885 ↗
47. Chen, G. Phonon wave heat conduction in thin films and superlattices. J. Heat Transf. 121, 945–953 (1999).10.1115/1.2826085 ↗
48. Chen, G. Thermal conductivity and ballistic-phonon transport in the cross-plane direction of superlattices. Phys. Rev. B 57, 14958–14973 (1998).10.1103/PhysRevB.57.14958 ↗
49. Chen, G. & Neagu, M. Thermal conductivity and heat transfer in superlattices. Appl. Phys. Lett. 71, 2761–2763 (1997).10.1063/1.120126 ↗
50. Tamura, S., Tanaka, Y. & Maris, H. J. Phonon group velocity and thermal conduction in superlattices. Phys. Rev. B 60, 2627–2630 (1999).10.1103/PhysRevB.60.2627 ↗
51. Kiselev, A. A., Kim, K. W. & Stroscio, M. A. Thermal conductivity of Si/Ge superlattices: A realistic model with a diatomic unit cell. Phys. Rev. B 62, 6896–6899 (2000).10.1103/PhysRevB.62.6896 ↗
52. Daly, B. C., Maris, H. J., Imamura, K. & Tamura, S. Molecular dynamics calculation of the thermal conductivity of superlattices. Phys. Rev. B 66, 024301 (2002).10.1103/PhysRevB.66.024301 ↗
53. Landry, E. S. & McGaughey, A. J. H. Effect of interfacial species mixing on phonon transport in semiconductor superlattices. Phys. Rev. B 79, 075316 (2009).10.1103/PhysRevB.79.075316 ↗
54. Termentzidis, K., Chantrenne, P., Duquesne, J.-Y. & Saci, A. Thermal conductivity of GaAs/AlAs superlattices and the puzzle of interfaces. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 22, 475001 (2010).10.1088/0953-8984/22/47/475001 ↗
55. Landry, E. S., Hussein, M. I. & McGaughey, A. J. H. Complex superlattice unit cell designs for reduced thermal conductivity. Phys. Rev. B 77, 184302 (2008).10.1103/PhysRevB.77.184302 ↗
56. Garg, J., Bonini, N. & Marzari, N. High thermal conductivity in short-period superlattices. Nano Lett. 11, 5135–5141 (2011).10.1021/nl202186y ↗
57. Garg, J. & Chen, G. Minimum thermal conductivity in superlattices: A first-principles formalism. Phys. Rev. B 87, 140302 (2013).10.1103/PhysRevB.87.140302 ↗
58. Aksamija, Z. & Knezevic, I. Thermal conductivity of Si1− xGex/Si1− yGey superlattices: Competition between interfacial and internal scattering. Phys. Rev. B 88, 155318 (2013).10.1103/PhysRevB.88.155318 ↗
59. Savic, I., Donadio, D., Gygi, F. & Galli, G. Dimensionality and heat transport in Si–Ge superlattices. Appl. Phys. Lett. 102, 073113 (2013).10.1063/1.4792748 ↗
60. Lin, K. H. & Strachan, A. Thermal transport in SiGe superlattice thin films and nanowires: Effects of specimen and periodic lengths. Phys. Rev. B 87, 115302 (2013).10.1103/PhysRevB.87.115302 ↗
61. Huberman, S. C., Larkin, J. M. & McGaughey, A. J. H. Disruption of superlattice phonons by interfacial mixing. Phys. Rev. B 88, 155311 (2013).10.1103/PhysRevB.88.155311 ↗
62. Tian, Z., Esfarjani, K. & Chen, G. Green's function studies of phonon transport across Si/Ge superlattices. Phys. Rev. B 89, 235307 (2014).10.1103/PhysRevB.89.235307 ↗
63. Capinski, W. S. & Maris, H. J. Thermal conductivity of GaAs/AlAs superlattices. Physica B 219–220, 699–701 (1996).10.1016/0921-4526(95)00858-6 ↗
64. Lee, S. M., Cahill, D. G. & Venkatasubramanian, R. Thermal conductivity of SiGe superlattices. Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 2957–2959 (1997).10.1063/1.118755 ↗
65. Capinski, W. S. et al. Thermal-conductivity measurements of GaAs/AlAs superlattices using a picosecond optical pump-and-probe technique. Phys Rev. B 59, 8105–8113 (1999).10.1103/PhysRevB.59.8105 ↗
66. Borca-Tasciuc, T. et al. Thermal conductivity of symmetrically strained SiGe superlattices. Superlattices Microstructures 28, 199–206 (2000).10.1006/spmi.2000.0900 ↗
67. Venkatasubramanian, R. Lattice thermal conductivity reduction and phonon localization-like behavior in superlattice structures. Phys. Rev. B 61, 3091–3097 (2000).10.1103/PhysRevB.61.3091 ↗
68. Touzelbaev, M. N., Zhou, P., Venkatasubramanian, R. & Goodson, K. E. Thermal characterization of Bi2Te3–Sb2Te3 superlattices. J. Appl. Phys. 90, 763–766 (2001).10.1063/1.1374458 ↗
69. Huxtable, S. T. et al. Thermal conductivity of Si/SiGe and SiGe/SiGe superlattices. Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 1737–1739 (2002).10.1063/1.1455693 ↗
70. Pernot, G. et al. Precise control of thermal conductivity at the nanoscale through individual phonon-scattering barriers. Nature Mater. 9, 491–495 (2010).10.1038/nmat2752 ↗
71. Chen, P. et al. Role of surface-segregation-driven intermixing on the thermal transport through planar Si/Ge superlattices. Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 115901 (2013).10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.115901 ↗
72. Luckyanova, M. N. et al. Anisotropy of the thermal conductivity in GaAs/AlAs superlattices. Nano Lett. 13, 3973–3979 (2013).10.1021/nl4001162 ↗
73. Yu, J.-K., Mitrovic, S., Tham, D., Varghese, J. & Heath, J. R. Reduction of thermal conductivity in phononic nanomesh structures. Nature Nanotech. 5, 718–721 (2010).10.1038/nnano.2010.149 ↗
74. Hopkins, P. E. et al. Reduction in the thermal conductivity of single crystalline silicon by phononic crystal patterning. Nano Lett. 11, 107–112 (2011).10.1021/nl102918q ↗
75. Tang, J. et al. Holey silicon as an efficient thermoelectric material. Nano Lett. 10, 4279–4283 (2010).10.1021/nl102931z ↗
76. Song, D. & Chen, G. Thermal conductivity of periodic microporous silicon film. Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 687–689 (2004).10.1063/1.1642753 ↗
77. Jain, A., Yu, Y.-J. & McGaughey, A. J. H. Phonon transport in periodic silicon nanoporous films with feature sizes greater than 100 nm. Phys. Rev. B 87, 195301 (2013).10.1103/PhysRevB.87.195301 ↗
78. Ravichandran, N. K. & Minnich, A. J. Coherent and incoherent thermal transport in nanomeshes. Phys. Rev. B 89, 205432 (2014).10.1103/PhysRevB.89.205432 ↗
79. Fink, Y. et al. A dielectric omnidirectional reflector. Science 282, 1679–1682 (1998).10.1126/science.282.5394.1679 ↗
80. Winn, J. N., Fink, Y., Fan, S. H. & Joannopoulos, J. D. Omnidirectional reflection from a one-dimensional photonic crystal. Opt. Lett. 23, 1573–1575 (1998).10.1364/OL.23.001573 ↗
81. Bria, E. & Djafari-Rouhani, B. Omnidirectional elastic band gap in finite lamellar structures. Phys. Rev. E 66, 056609 (2002).10.1103/PhysRevE.66.056609 ↗
82. Manzanares-Martinez, B. et al. Experimental evidence of omnidirectional elastic band gap in finite one-dimensional phononic systems. Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 154–156 (2004).10.1063/1.1766074 ↗