Direct Laser Writing from Aqueous Precursors for Nano to Microscale Topographical Control, Integration, and Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Mixed Metal Oxides

As evidenced by the growth of additive manufacturing, there is extensive value in customization, both in terms of chemistry and structure. Direct laser writing is a promising approach to the maskless patterning of a broad range of nano to microscale materials. We employ a methodology using laser-induced solvothermal voxels, which combines the control of solvothermal chemistry for nanoparticle synthesis with the patterning abilities of direct laser writing, enabling the integration of nanocrystalline oxides, metals, and mixed metal oxides and alloys. We present an expanded range of materials that can be easily fabricated through this method and explore how this process can be used for 2.5D topographical patterning and layering with potential applications for catalysis and sensing.