Beyond biomarkers: Identifying cell state using unbiased nanosensor arrays

Traditional cell detection based on biomarkers relies on specific lock-and-key recognition. However, many diseases either do not have obvious biomarkers or these markers are currently unknown. Unbiased sensor arrays based on nanoparticles use selective interactions to generate bioprofiles capable of identifying cell type and state. As a result, these arrays can differentiate subtle variations on the cell surfaces, presenting a potential approach for personalized diagnostics.