A highly sensitive biosensor based on methacrylated graphene oxide-grafted polyaniline for ascorbic acid determination
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract Functionalized graphene-based nanocomposites have opened new windows to address some challenges for increasing the sensitivity, accuracy and functionality of biosensors. Polyaniline (PANI) is one of the most potentially promising and technologically important conducting polymers, which brings together the electrical features of metals with intriguing properties of plastics including facile processing and controllable chemical and physical properties. PANI/graphene nanocomposites have attracted intense interest in various fields due to unique physicochemical properties including high conductivity, facile preparation and intriguing redox behavior. In this article, a functionalized graphene-grafted nanostructured PANI nanocomposite was applied for determining the ascorbic acid (AA) level. A significant current response was observed after treating the electrode surface with methacrylated graphene oxide (MeGO)/PANI nanocomposite. The amperometric responses showed a robust linear range of 8–5,000 µM and detection limit of 2 µM (N = 5). Excellent sensor selectivity was demonstrated in the presence of electroactive components interfering species, commonly found in real serum samples. This sensor is a promising candidate for rapid and selective determination of AA.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Electrochemical sensors and biosensors · Conducting polymers and applications · Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology , Tehran , Iran
Research institute of bioscience and biotechnology, University of Tabriz , Tabriz , Iran
Department of Interdisciplinary Technologies, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR , Tehran , Iran
Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University , Yongin , 446-701 , Republic of Korea
References (81)
Show source-provided references
1. Krishnan SK, Singh E, Singh P, Meyyappan M, Nalwa HS. A review on graphene-based nanocomposites for electrochemical and fluorescent biosensors. RSC Adv. 2019;9(16):8778–881.10.1039/C8RA09577A ↗
2. Safavi A, Ahmadi R, Mohammadpour Z, Zhou J. Fluorescent pH nanosensor based on carbon nanodots for monitoring minor intracellular pH changes. RSC Adv. 2016;6(106):104657–64.10.1039/C6RA21556D ↗
3. Abi A, Mohammadpour Z, Zuo X, Safavi A. Nucleic acid-based electrochemical nanobiosensors. Biosens Bioelectron. 2018;102:479–89.10.1016/j.bios.2017.11.019 ↗
4. Kazemi F, Naghib SM, Mohammadpour Z. Multifunctional micro-/nanoscaled structures based on polyaniline: an overview of modern emerging devices. Mater Today Chem. 2020;16:100249.10.1016/j.mtchem.2020.100249 ↗
5. Rahimzadeh Z, Naghib SM, Zare Y, Rhee KY. An overview on the synthesis and recent applications of conducting poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) in industry and biomedicine. J Mater Sci. 2020;55:7575–611.10.1007/s10853-020-04561-2 ↗
6. Naghib SM, Zare Y, Rhee KY. A facile and simple approach to synthesis and characterization of methacrylated graphene oxide nanostructured polyaniline nanocomposites. Nanotechnol Rev. 2020;9(1):53–60.10.1515/ntrev-2020-0005 ↗
7. Salahandish R, Ghaffarinejad A, Omidinia E, Zargartalebi H, Majidzadeh-A K, Naghib SM, et al. Label-free ultrasensitive detection of breast cancer miRNA-21 biomarker employing electrochemical nano-genosensor based on sandwiched AgNPs in PANI and N-doped graphene. Biosens Bioelectron. 2018;120:129–36.10.1016/j.bios.2018.08.025 ↗
8. Salahandish R, Ghaffarinejad A, Naghib SM, Majidzadeh-A K, Zargartalebi H, Sanati-Nezhad A. Nano-biosensor for highly sensitive detection of HER2 positive breast cancer. Biosens Bioelectron. 2018;117:104–11.10.1016/j.bios.2018.05.043 ↗
9. Yusoff II, Rohani R, Ng LY, Mohammad AW. Conductive polyelectrolyte multilayers PANI membranes synthesis for tunable filtration ranges. J Mater Sci. 2019;54(19):12988–3005.10.1007/s10853-019-03779-z ↗
10. Niu F-X, Wang Y-X, Zhang Y-T, Xie S-K, Ma L-R, Wang C-G, et al. A hierarchical architecture of PANI/APTES/SiC nano-composites with tunable dielectric for lightweight and strong microwave absorption. J Mater Sci. 2019;54(3):2181–92.10.1007/s10853-018-2957-1 ↗
11. Miao J, Li H, Qiu H, Wu X, Yang J. Graphene/PANI hybrid film with enhanced thermal conductivity by in situ polymerization. J Mater Sci. 2018;53(12):8855–65.10.1007/s10853-018-2112-z ↗
12. Almasi-Kashi M, Mokarian MH, Alikhanzadeh-Arani S. Improvement of the microwave absorption properties in FeNi/PANI nanocomposites fabricated with different structures. J Alloy Compd. 2018;742:413–20.10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.01.294 ↗
13. Rostami A, Moosavi MI. High-performance thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites induced by hybrid application of functionalized graphene and carbon nanotubes. J Appl Polym Sci. 2020;137:48520.10.1002/app.48520 ↗
14. Salahandish R, Ghaffarinejad A, Naghib SM, Majidzadeh-A K, Sanati-Nezhad A. A novel graphene-grafted gold nanoparticles composite for highly sensitive electrochemical biosensing. IEEE Sens J. 2018;18(6):2513–9.10.1109/JSEN.2018.2789433 ↗
15. Mohammadpour Z, Abdollahi SH, Omidvar A, Mohajeri A, Safavi A. Aqueous solutions of carbohydrates are new choices of green solvents for highly efficient exfoliation of two-dimensional nanomaterials. J Mol Liq. 2020;309:113087.10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113087 ↗
16. Mohammadpour Z, Majidzadeh-A K. Applications of two-dimensional nanomaterials in breast cancer theranostics. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2020;6(4):1852–73.10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01894 ↗
17. Power AC, Gorey B, Chandra S, Chapman J. Carbon nanomaterials and their application to electrochemical sensors: a review. Nanotechnol Rev. 2018;7(1):19–41.10.1515/ntrev-2017-0160 ↗
18. Chen W, Lv G, Hu W, Li D, Chen S, Dai Z. Synthesis and applications of graphene quantum dots: a review. Nanotechnol Rev. 2018;7(2):157–85.10.1515/ntrev-2017-0199 ↗
19. Jiao Z, Zhang B, Li C, Kuang W, Zhang J, Xiong Y, et al. Carboxymethyl cellulose-grafted graphene oxide for efficient antitumor drug delivery. Nanotechnol Rev. 2018;7(4):291–301.10.1515/ntrev-2018-0029 ↗
20. Das S, Ghosh CK, Sarkar CK, Roy S. Facile synthesis of multi-layer graphene by electrochemical exfoliation using organic solvent. Nanotechnol Rev. 2018;7(6):497–508.10.1515/ntrev-2018-0094 ↗
21. Naghib SM. Two-dimensional functionalised methacrylated graphene oxide nanosheets as simple and inexpensive electrodes for biosensing applications. Micro Nano Lett. 2019;14(4):462–5.10.1049/mnl.2018.5320 ↗
22. Askari E, Naghib SM, Seyfoori A, Maleki A, Rahmanian M. Ultrasonic-assisted synthesis and in vitro biological assessments of a novel herceptin-stabilized graphene using three dimensional cell spheroid. Ultrason Sonochem. 2019;58:104615.10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104615 ↗
23. Kalkhoran AHZ, Naghib SM, Vahidi O, Rahmanian M. Synthesis and characterization of graphene-grafted gelatin nanocomposite hydrogels as emerging drug delivery systems. Biomed Phys & Eng Express. 2018;4(5):055017.10.1088/2057-1976/aad745 ↗
24. Zhang P, Yi W, Xu H, Gao C, Hou J, Jin W, et al. Supramolecular interactions of poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-thiophene] with single-walled carbon nanotubes. Nanotechnol Rev. 2018;7(6):487–95.10.1515/ntrev-2018-0041 ↗
25. Zare Y, Garmabi H, Rhee KY. Degradation-biosensing performance of polymer blend carbon nanotubes (CNTs) nanocomposites. Sens Actuators A. 2019;295:113–24.10.1016/j.sna.2019.05.040 ↗
26. Zare Y, Rhee KY. Calculation of the electrical conductivity of polymer nanocomposites assuming the interphase layer surrounding carbon nanotubes. Polymers. 2020;12(2):404.10.3390/polym12020404 ↗
27. Zare Y, Rhee KY. A multistep methodology for calculation of the tensile modulus in polymer/carbon nanotube nanocomposites above the percolation threshold based on the modified rule of mixtures. RSC Adv. 2018;8(54):30986–93.10.1039/C8RA04992K ↗
28. Peng W, Rhim S, Zare Y, Rhee KY. Effect of “Z” factor for strength of interphase layers on the tensile strength of polymer nanocomposites. Polym Compos. 2019;40:1117–22.10.1002/pc.24813 ↗
29. Ventrapragada LK, Creager SE, Rao AM, Podila R. Carbon nanotubes coated paper as current collectors for secondary Li-ion batteries. Nanotechnol Rev. 2019;8(1):18–23.10.1515/ntrev-2019-0002 ↗
30. Li Z, Xu K, Pan Y. Recent development of supercapacitor electrode based on carbon materials. Nanotechnol Rev. 2019;8(1):35–49.10.1515/ntrev-2019-0004 ↗
31. Zare Y, Rhee KY. Effects of interphase regions and filler networks on the viscosity of PLA/PEO/carbon nanotubes biosensor. Polym Compos. 2019;40:4135–41.10.1002/pc.25274 ↗
32. Kalantari E, Naghib SM, Iravani NJ, Esmaeili R, Naimi-Jamal MR, Mozafari M. Biocomposites based on hydroxyapatite matrix reinforced with nanostructured monticellite (CaMgSiO4) for biomedical application: synthesis, characterization, and biological studies. Mater Sci Eng C. 2019;105:109912.10.1016/j.msec.2019.109912 ↗
33. Kalantari E, Naghib SM. A comparative study on biological properties of novel nanostructured monticellite-based composites with hydroxyapatite bioceramic. Mater Sci Eng C. 2019;98:1087–96.10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.140 ↗
34. Zare Y, Rhee KY. The effective conductivity of polymer carbon nanotubes (CNT) nanocomposites. J Phys Chem Solids. 2019;131:15–21.10.1016/j.jpcs.2019.03.006 ↗
35. Zare Y, Rhee KY. Tensile modulus prediction of carbon nanotubes-reinforced nanocomposites by a combined model for dispersion and networking of nanoparticles. J Mater Res Technol. 2020;9:22–32.10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.10.025 ↗
36. Zare Y, Rhee KY, Park SJ. Simple model for hydrolytic degradation of poly(lactic acid)/poly(ethylene oxide)/carbon nanotubes nanobiosensor in neutral phosphate-buffered saline solution. J Biomed Mater Res Part A. 2019;107:2706–17.10.1002/jbm.a.36774 ↗
37. Zare Y, Rhee KY. A simulation work for the influences of aggregation/agglomeration of clay layers on the tensile properties of nanocomposites. JOM. 2019;71:3989–95.10.1007/s11837-019-03768-2 ↗
38. Roy S, Petrova RS, Mitra S. Effect of carbon nanotube (CNT) functionalization in epoxy-CNT composites. Nanotechnol Rev. 2018;7(6):475–85.10.1515/ntrev-2018-0068 ↗
39. Li Z, Xu K, Wei F. Recent progress on photodetectors based on low dimensional nanomaterials. Nanotechnol Rev. 2018;7(5):393–411.10.1515/ntrev-2018-0084 ↗
40. Lei M, Chen Z, Lu H, Yu K. Recent progress in shape memory polymer composites: methods, properties, applications and prospects. Nanotechnol Rev. 2019;8(1):327–51.10.1515/ntrev-2019-0031 ↗
41. Kalwar K, Shen M. Electrospun cellulose acetate nanofibers and Au-AgNPs for antimicrobial activity – a mini review. Nanotechnol Rev. 2019;8(1):246–57.10.1515/ntrev-2019-0023 ↗
42. Zare Y, Rhee KY. Prediction of loss factor (tan δ) for polymer nanocomposites as a function of yield tress, relaxation time and the width of transition region between Newtonian and power-law behaviors. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2019;96:136–43.10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.04.045 ↗
43. Zare Y, Rhee KY. Significances of interphase conductivity and tunneling resistance on the conductivity of carbon nanotubes nanocomposites. Polym Compos. 2020;41:748–56.10.1002/pc.25405 ↗
44. Zare Y, Rhee KY. Study on the effects of the interphase region on the network properties in polymer carbon nanotube nanocomposites. Polymers. 2020;12(1):182.10.3390/polym12010182 ↗
45. Zare Y, Garmabi H, Rhee KY. Roles of filler dimensions, interphase thickness, waviness, network fraction, and tunneling distance in tunneling conductivity of polymer CNT nanocomposites. Mater Chem Phys. 2018;206:243–50.10.1016/j.matchemphys.2017.11.017 ↗
46. Lee S-Y, Hwang J-G. Finite element nonlinear transient modelling of carbon nanotubes reinforced fiber/polymer composite spherical shells with a cutout. Nanotechnol Rev. 2019;8(1):444–51.10.1515/ntrev-2019-0039 ↗
47. Naghib SM. Fabrication of nafion/silver nanoparticles/reduced graphene nanosheets/glucose oxidase nanobiocomposite for electrochemical glucose biosensing. Anal Bioanal Electrochem. 2016;8:453–65.
48. Li Y, Zhou M, Xia Z, Gong Q, Liu X, Yang Y, et al. Facile preparation of polyaniline covalently grafted to isocyanate functionalized reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite for high performance flexible supercapacitors. Colloids Surf A. 2020;125172.10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125172 ↗
49. Mamaghani KR, Naghib SM, Zahedi A, Kalkhoran AHZ, Rahmanian M. Fast synthesis of methacrylated graphene oxide: a graphene-functionalised nanostructure. Micro Nano Lett. 2018;13(2):195–7.10.1049/mnl.2017.0461 ↗
50. Mamaghani KR, Naghib SM, Zahedi A, Rahmanian M, Mozafari M. GelMa/PEGDA containing graphene oxide as an IPN hydrogel with superior mechanical performance. Mater Today Proc. 2018;5(7):15790–9.10.1016/j.matpr.2018.04.193 ↗
51. Lou C, Jing T, Zhou J, Tian J, Zheng Y, Wang C, et al. Laccase immobilized polyaniline/magnetic graphene composite electrode for detecting hydroquinone. Int J Biol Macromolecules. 2020;149:1130–8.10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.248 ↗
52. Salahandish R, Ghaffarinejad A, Naghib SM, Niyazi A, Majidzadeh-A K, Janmaleki M, et al. Sandwich-structured nanoparticles-grafted functionalized graphene based 3D nanocomposites for high-performance biosensors to detect ascorbic acid biomolecule. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):1–11.10.1038/s41598-018-37573-9 ↗
53. Hu G, Guo Y, Xue Q, Shao S. A highly selective amperometric sensor for ascorbic acid based on mesopore-rich active carbon-modified pyrolytic graphite electrode. Electrochim Acta. 2010;55(8):2799–804.10.1016/j.electacta.2009.12.050 ↗
54. Salahandish R, Ghaffarinejad A, Naghib SM, Majidzadeh-A K, Zargartalebi H, Sanati-Nezhad A. Nano-biosensor for highly sensitive detection of HER2 positive breast cancer. Biosens Bioelectron. 2018;117:104–11.10.1016/j.bios.2018.05.043 ↗
55. Wen D, Guo S, Dong S, Wang E. Ultrathin Pd nanowire as a highly active electrode material for sensitive and selective detection of ascorbic acid. Biosens Bioelectron. 2010;26(3):1056–61.10.1016/j.bios.2010.08.054 ↗
56. Dalmasso PR, Pedano ML, Rivas GA. Electrochemical determination of ascorbic acid and paracetamol in pharmaceutical formulations using a glassy carbon electrode modified with multi-wall carbon nanotubes dispersed in polyhistidine. Sens Actuators B. 2012;173:732–6.10.1016/j.snb.2012.07.087 ↗
57. Liu M, Chen Q, Lai C, Zhang Y, Deng J, Li H, et al. A double signal amplification platform for ultrasensitive and simultaneous detection of ascorbic acid, dopamine, uric acid and acetaminophen based on a nanocomposite of ferrocene thiolate stabilized Fe3O4@Au nanoparticles with graphene sheet. Biosens Bioelectron. 2013;48:75–81.10.1016/j.bios.2013.03.070 ↗
58. Yue HY, Huang S, Chang J, Heo C, Yao F, Adhikari S, et al. ZnO nanowire arrays on 3D hierachical graphene foam: biomarker detection of Parkinson’s disease. ACS nano. 2014;8(2):1639–46.10.1021/nn405961p ↗
59. Sun C-L, Lee H-H, Yang J-M, Wu C-C. The simultaneous electrochemical detection of ascorbic acid, dopamine, and uric acid using graphene/size-selected Pt nanocomposites. Biosens Bioelectron. 2011;26(8):3450–5.10.1016/j.bios.2011.01.023 ↗
60. Shi W, Liu C, Song Y, Lin N, Zhou S, Cai X. An ascorbic acid amperometric sensor using over-oxidized polypyrrole and palladium nanoparticles composites. Biosens Bioelectron. 2012;38(1):100–6.10.1016/j.bios.2012.05.004 ↗
61. Ma Y, Zhao M, Cai B, Wang W, Ye Z, Huang J. 3D graphene foams decorated by CuO nanoflowers for ultrasensitive ascorbic acid detection. Biosens Bioelectron. 2014;59:384–8.10.1016/j.bios.2014.03.064 ↗
62. Zaaba NI, Foo KL, Hashim U, Tan SJ, Liu W-W, Voon CH. Synthesis of graphene oxide using modified hummers method: solvent influence. Procedia Eng. 2017;184:469–77.10.1016/j.proeng.2017.04.118 ↗
63. Ahadian S, Estili M, Surya VJ, Ramón-Azcón J, Liang X, Shiku H, et al. Facile and green production of aqueous graphene dispersions for biomedical applications. Nanoscale. 2015;7(15):6436–43.10.1039/C4NR07569B ↗
64. Janda P, Weber J, Dunsch L, Lever A. Detection of ascorbic acid using a carbon fiber microelectrode coated with cobalt tetramethylpyridoporphyrazine. Anal Chem. 1996;68(6):960–5.10.1021/ac950323r ↗
65. Luo J, Jiang S, Liu R, Zhang Y, Liu X. Synthesis of water dispersible polyaniline/poly(styrenesulfonic acid) modified graphene composite and its electrochemical properties. Electrochim Acta. 2013;96:103–9.10.1016/j.electacta.2013.02.072 ↗
66. Sheng Z-H, Zheng X-Q, Xu J-Y, Bao W-J, Wang F-B, Xia X-H. Electrochemical sensor based on nitrogen doped graphene: simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid. Biosens Bioelectron. 2012;34(1):125–31.10.1016/j.bios.2012.01.030 ↗
67. Zuo X, Zhang H, Li N. An electrochemical biosensor for determination of ascorbic acid by cobalt(ii) phthalocyanine-multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified glassy carbon electrode. Sens Actuators B. 2012;161(1):1074–9.10.1016/j.snb.2011.12.013 ↗
68. Wang X, Watanabe H, Uchiyama S. Amperometric l-ascorbic acid biosensors equipped with enzyme micelle membrane. Talanta. 2008;74(5):1681–5.10.1016/j.talanta.2007.09.008 ↗
69. Zhang X, Cao Y, Yu S, Yang F, Xi P. An electrochemical biosensor for ascorbic acid based on carbon-supported PdNi nanoparticles. Biosens Bioelectron. 2013;44:183–90.10.1016/j.bios.2013.01.020 ↗
70. Habibi B, Pournaghi-Azar MH. Simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid by use of a MWCNT modified carbon-ceramic electrode and differential pulse voltammetry. Electrochim Acta. 2010;55(19):5492–8.10.1016/j.electacta.2010.04.052 ↗
71. Thiagarajan S, Chen S-M. Preparation and characterization of PtAu hybrid film modified electrodes and their use in simultaneous determination of dopamine, ascorbic acid and uric acid. Talanta. 2007;74(2):212–22.10.1016/j.talanta.2007.05.049 ↗
72. Han D, Han T, Shan C, Ivaska A, Niu L. Simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid with chitosan-graphene modified electrode. Electroanalysis. 2010;22(17–18):2001–8.10.1002/elan.201000094 ↗
73. Zheng D, Ye J, Zhou L, Zhang Y, Yu C. Simultaneous determination of dopamine, ascorbic acid and uric acid on ordered mesoporous carbon/nafion composite film. J Electroanal Chem. 2009;625(1):82–7.10.1016/j.jelechem.2008.10.012 ↗
74. Tang C-F, Kumar SA, Chen S-M. Zinc oxide/redox mediator composite films-based sensor for electrochemical detection of important biomolecules. Anal Biochem. 2008;380(2):174–83.10.1016/j.ab.2008.06.004 ↗
75. Arvand M, Sohrabnezhad S, Mousavi M, Shamsipur M, Zanjanchi M. Electrochemical study of methylene blue incorporated into mordenite type zeolite and its application for amperometric determination of ascorbic acid in real samples. Anal Chim Acta. 2003;491(2):193–201.10.1016/S0003-2670(03)00790-6 ↗
76. Huang J, Liu Y, Hou H, You T. Simultaneous electrochemical determination of dopamine, uric acid and ascorbic acid using palladium nanoparticle-loaded carbon nanofibers modified electrode. Biosens Bioelectron. 2008;24(4):632–7.10.1016/j.bios.2008.06.011 ↗
77. Atta NF, El-Kady MF, Galal A. Simultaneous determination of catecholamines, uric acid and ascorbic acid at physiological levels using poly(N-methylpyrrole)/Pd-nanoclusters sensor. Anal Biochem. 2010;400(1):78–88.10.1016/j.ab.2010.01.001 ↗
78. Kumar SA, Lo P-H, Chen S-M. Electrochemical selective determination of ascorbic acid at redox active polymer modified electrode derived from direct blue 71. Biosens Bioelectron. 2008;24(4):518–23.10.1016/j.bios.2008.05.007 ↗
79. Sun W, Yang M, Gao R, Jiao K. Electrochemical determination of ascorbic acid in room temperature ionic liquid BPPF6 modified carbon paste electrode. Electroanalysis. 2007;19(15):1597–602.10.1002/elan.200703889 ↗
80. Keeley GP, O’Neill A, McEvoy N, Peltekis N, Coleman JN, Duesberg GS. Electrochemical ascorbic acid sensor based on DMF-exfoliated graphene. J Mater Chem. 2010;20(36):7864–9.10.1039/c0jm01527j ↗
81. Wu G-H, Wu Y-F, Liu X-W, Rong M-C, Chen X-M, Chen X. An electrochemical ascorbic acid sensor based on palladium nanoparticles supported on graphene oxide. Anal Chim Acta. 2012;745:33–7.10.1016/j.aca.2012.07.034 ↗