A nanocatalytic membrane with sono-responsive antibacterial therapy (SRAT) for rapid sterilization and enhanced chronic wound healing

Pathogenic bacteria in infected microenvironments can severely disrupt the normal progression of wound healing. Sono-responsive nanomaterials have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional antibiotics for combating bacterial infections. Despite the advantageous sono-excited antibacterial properties of n-type barium titanate (BaTiO₃, BTO), developing bioheterojunctions (bioHJs) with compatible sono-physical characteristics remains a key strategy for achieving superior sono-antibacterial efficiency. Here, we constructed a novel PN-bioHJ by integrating two-dimensional p-type black phosphorus (BP) with three-dimensional n-type cubic BTO and modifying it onto a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) spinning membrane to enhance antibacterial performance under ultrasonic (US) stimulation. The successful construction of PN-bioHJs can significantly enhance the yield of ROS production for sono-responsive antibacterial therapy (SRAT). Additionally, the biodegradable PLGA membrane provides a biocompatible and scalable platform for the acoustic activation of the PN-bioHJs while facilitating localized antibacterial therapy. The designed sono-responsive nanocatalytic membrane demonstrates excellent bactericidal performance with antibacterial rates exceeding 99% under US stimulation. In vivo tests further revealed that the proposed membrane shows excellent biocompatibility and the ability to mitigate pathogenic virulence factors, potentially aiding in the regeneration of infected tissues. This work introduces a promising strategy for leveraging acoustically activated membranes in biomedical applications, paving the way for advanced solutions to combat antibiotic resistance.