Microstructure parameter-dependent non-collinear magnetic structures in scandium-doped M-type hexaferrite nanocrystals

The quest for materials with non-collinear magnetic structures has been driven by their unique properties and potential applications in advanced spintronics and data storage technologies. In this study, we investigate the induction of a non-collinear conical state in BaFe₁₂O₁₉ (M-type) nanocrystal fibers through the substitution of Fe³⁺ ions with diamagnetic Sc³⁺ ions. This substitution introduces an additional parameter for tuning the magnetic structure and allows precise control over the substitution amount. We demonstrate that the non-collinear conical state remains stable within a temperature range of 125 K to 325 K and can be finely adjusted by varying the Sc³⁺ substitution amount. The selective occupancy of Sc³⁺ ions at the 2a, 4f₂, and 2b sites within the M-type ferrite lattice weakens the super-exchange interaction between Fe1, Fe2, and Fe5 ions. This weakening disrupts interactions between different blocks S/R (R*/S*) and stabilizes the conical state. These findings highlight a significant approach to modulating non-collinear magnetic structures in hexagonal ferrites, with implications for both fundamental research and practical applications in the development of novel magnetic materials.