journal article·2024Open access

The effect of water on gold supported chiral graphene nanoribbons: rupture of conjugation by an alternating hydrogenation pattern

Alejandro Berdonces-Layunta, Adam Matěj, Alejandro Jiménez-Martín, James Lawrence, Mohammed S. G. Mohammed, Tao Wang, Benjamin Mallada, Bruno de la Torre, Adrián Martínez, Manuel Vilas-Varela, Reed Nieman, Hans Lischka, Dana Nachtigallová, Diego Peña, Pavel Jelínek, Dimas G. de Oteyza

Nanoscale· Volume 16· Issue 2

Abstract

In the last few years we have observed a breakpoint in the development of graphene-derived technologies, such as liquid phase filtering and their application to electronics. In most of these cases, they imply exposure of the material to solvents and ambient moisture, either in the fabrication of the material or the final device. The present study demonstrates the sensitivity of graphene nanoribbon (GNR) zigzag edges to water, even in extremely low concentrations. We have addressed the unique reactivity of (3,1)-chiral GNR with moisture on Au(111). Water shows a reductive behaviour, hydrogenating the central carbon of the zigzag segments. By combining scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) with simulations, we demonstrate how their reactivity reaches a thermodynamic limit when half of the unit cells are reduced, resulting in an alternating pattern of hydrogenated and pristine unit cells starting from the terminal segments. Once a quasi-perfect alternation is reached, the reaction stops regardless of the water concentration. The hydrogenated segments limit the electronic conjugation of the GNR, but the reduction can be reversed both by tip manipulation and annealing. Selective tip-induced dehydrogenation allowed the stabilization of radical states at the edges of the ribbons, while the annealing of the sample completely recovered the original, pristine GNR.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Graphene research and applications · Surface Chemistry and Catalysis · Nanopore and Nanochannel Transport Studies

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Donostia International Physics Center, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain

Centro de Fisica de Materiales, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain

Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 16200 Prague, Czech Republic

Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacky University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic

Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic

Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Brehova 7, Prague 1 115 19, Czech Republic

Centro Singular de Investigacion en Quimica Bioloxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), and Departamento de Quimica Organica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061, USA

Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic

IT4Innovations, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava-Poruba 70800, Czech Republic

Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN), CSIC-UNIOVI-PA, 33940 El Entrego, Spain

Funding

European Regional Development Fund · Xunta de Galicia · Agencia Estatal de Investigación · Grantová Agentura Ceské Republiky · Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Telovýchovy · Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci · National Science Foundation · European Commission

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