Exploring Structure and Dynamics of Biological Assemblies by Digital-Imaging Cryo-TEM

Direct-imaging cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) is a powerful tool for studying macromolecular assemblies in the 1 to 300 nm range, forming by biological complexes and molecules (viruses, lipids, proteins, DNA), and biological fluids (bile, lungs fluid). Until a few years ago technical difficulties limited the use of cryo-TEM primarily to 3D structural studies requiring high resolution. However, digital imaging and procedures we have developed specifically for morphological studies In addition, we can explore mechanisms of self-assembly, interactions between molecules, structural transitions, formation of transient structures during dynamic processes, and structure-function relationships in complex biological systems, and we can uncover fine assembly details hidden until recently.