Nucleation of Intragranular Accicular Ferrite in a Ti-Containing Low Carbon Steel of High N Content

Abstract Formation of acicular ferrite grains by dispersing non-metallic inclusions which can act as intragranular nucleation sites within austenite grain is proposed as a method to obtain refined grain structure in steels. The microstructure of acicular ferrite steel consists of fine interlocking ferrite plates nucleated on dispersed non-metallic inclusions. This acicular ferrite structure provides a desirable combination of high strength and good toughness because of its small plate thickness and interlocking microstruture. in Ti-containing low carbon steels, researchers proposed that Ti2O3 or MnS, among inclusions, is the most effective nucleant for intragranular ferrite because of the formation of Mn depleted zone(MDZ) around Ti2O3 or MnS particles. TiN is also reported as a nucleation site owing to the coherency between ferrite and TiN crystals. But It has not been a simple task to identify which inclusions and what mechanisms are really effective in the formation of intragranular acicular ferrite.