Soft X-ray Spectro-Ptychography for Air Pollution Particulates

X-ray ptychography emerged in the late 2000s as a lensless imaging technique that combined the advantages of scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) and coherent diffractive imaging (CDI) Ptychography also overcomes the biggest disadvantages of both techniques: the limited resolution due to X-ray optics fabrication level for STXM, and the limitation to isolated objects and imaging size for CDI. The ptychography has been under rapid development since its first demonstration by hard Xray in 2007 Thereafter, quite a number of new ptychography algorithms were proposed and demonstrated by X-ray experiments With the rapid development and widespread availability of ptychography, many applications across various research areas have been explored. At present, ptychography has been applied in biology, chemistry, environment, material science and electronics. Recently, ptychography has been further developed in several advanced and highly interesting approaches, one of which is the spectro-ptychography This approach combines the high resolution of ptychography with the chemical specificity of spectroscopic X-ray techniques, which has great significance for element or chemical mapping analysis.