Removal of Humic Acid from Natural Water by ZVI/H₂O₂ Process

Humic acid (HA), a representative fraction of the natural organic matter derived from vegetation and commonly present in natural waters, can contribute to the formation of disinfection by-products when reacting with chlorine during potable water production. These by-products may cause increased risk of cancer, especially in the bladder, and adverse reproductive outcomes [1]. Therefore, identification and removal of organic matter before the chlorination step is required to avoid or minimize the risk of formation of these by-products.