Implementation and Validation of Multisinusoidal, Fast Impedance Measurements in Atomic Force Microscope Contact Mode

Abstract This study presents a novel approach to impedance measurements. The methodology discussed is limited to contact in the sample-probe system under ambient conditions without the presence of electrolyte. Comparison with results of direct and alternating current measurements for well-defined metallic surfaces are made. In spite of idealization related to the type of contact examined, the proposed technique provides an improvement of traditional impedance measurement related to sequential changes in system perturbation compared with the sine wave superposition type.