journal article·2025-11-12Open access

Quantitative Structure Determination from Experimental Four-Dimensional Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy via the Scattering Matrix

Emmanuel W C Terzoudis-Lumsden, Alireza Sadri, Matthew Weyland, Laure Bourgeois, Stephanie M Ribet, Georgios Varnavides, Colin Ophus, Timothy C Petersen, Scott D Findlay

Microscopy and Microanalysis· Volume 31· Issue 6

Abstract

Abstract Considerable inroads have recently been made on algorithms to determine the sample potential from four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy data from thick samples where multiple scattering cannot be neglected. This paper further develops the scattering matrix approach to such structure determination. Through simulation, we demonstrate how this approach can be modified to better handle partial spatial coherence, unknown probe defocus, and information from the dark field region. By combining these developments we reconstruct the electrostatic potential of a monolithic SrTiO3 crystal showing good quantitative agreement with the expected structure.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications · Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques · Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University , Melbourne, VIC 3800 ,

Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy, Monash University , Melbourne, VIC 3800 ,

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University , Melbourne, VIC 3800 ,

National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, CA 94720 ,

Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science, University of California , Berkeley, CA 94720 ,

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University , Palo Alto, CA 94305 ,

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