Electrically stimulated drug release using conductive GelMA/k-carrageenan/rGO blended hydrogel for enhanced biomedical applications

Background Hydrogels are hydrophilic polymers with high water content and a porous structure, making them suitable for incorporating water-soluble drugs and functioning as drug delivery systems. Their structural similarity to living tissues renders them valuable for applications in tissue engineering, pharmaceuticals, and medical treatments. Objective This study aimed to develop a blended hydrogel with improved mechanical strength and biocompatibility, and to enhance its drug release capabilities through electrical stimulation. Method A conductive hydrogel was synthesized by blending gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), kappa carrageenan (k-carrageenan), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The hydrogel's physical integrity, biocompatibility, and drug release performance under electrical stimulation were evaluated. Results The GelMA/k-carrageenan/rGO hydrogel retained its structural stability, demonstrated excellent biocompatibility, and effectively released drugs in response to electrical stimulation. Conclusion The developed conductive hydrogel presents strong potential for advanced drug delivery systems utilizing electrical stimulation, with promising implications across biomedical and pharmaceutical fields.