Development of chitosan/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose-based polyelectrolyte complex of dexamethasone for treatment of anterior uveitis
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract Anterior uveitis is one of the most prevalent forms of ocular inflammation caused by infections, trauma, and other idiopathic conditions if not treated properly, it can cause complete blindness. Therefore, this study aimed to formulate and evaluate dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP) loaded polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) nanoparticles (NPs) for the treatment of anterior uveitis. DSP-loaded PEC-NPs were formed through complex coacervation by mixing low molecular weight chitosan and the anionic polymer carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC). The formulations were optimized using Box–Behnken design and evaluated the effect of independent variables: Chitosan concentration, CMC concentration, and pH of chitosan solution on the dependent variables: particle size (PS), Polydispersity Index (PDI), pH of the formulation, and % entrapment efficacy (%EE). The PS, PDI, zeta potential, and pH of the optimized formulation were found 451 ± 82.0995 nm, 0.3807 ± 0.1862, +20.33 ± 1.04 mV and 6.8367 ± 0.0737 respectively. The %EE and drug loading of formulation were 61.66 ± 4.2914% and 21.442 ± 1.814% respectively. In vitro drug release studies of optimized formulation showed the prolonged release up to 12 h whereas, the marketed formulation showed the burst release 85.625 ± 4.3062% in 1 h and 98.1462 ± 3.0921% at 6 h, respectively. Fourier transform infrared studies suggested the effective incorporation of the drug into the PEC-NPs formulation whereas differential scanning calorimetry and x-ray diffraction studies showed the amorphized nature of the drug in the formulation. Transmission electron microscopy study showed self-assembled, nearly spherical, core–shell nanostructures. The corneal permeation study showed higher permeation of the drug from PEC-NPs compared to the marketed formulation. Hen’s Eggs test-Chorioallantoic Membrane test of the optimized formulation revealed non-irritant and safe for ocular administration. Therefore, DSP-loaded PEC-NPs are an effective substitute for conventional eye drops due to their ability to increase bioavailability through longer precorneal retention duration and sustained drug release.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Ocular Diseases and Behçet’s Syndrome · Ocular Surface and Contact Lens · Otitis Media and Relapsing Polychondritis
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (48)
Show source-provided references
1. Recent developments in ophthalmic drug delivery systems for therapy of both anterior and posterior segment diseases10.1016/j.colcom.2018.03.008 ↗
2. Challenges and obstacles of ocular pharmacokinetics and drug delivery10.1016/j.addr.2006.07.027 ↗
3. Overcoming the barriers in micellar drug delivery: loading efficiency in vivo stability and micelle-cell interaction10.1517/17425240903380446 ↗
4. Recent perspectives in ocular drug delivery10.1007/s11095-008-9694-0 ↗
5. Dendrimeric micelles for controlled drug release and targeted delivery10.1021/mp050020d ↗
6. A comprehensive review on polyelectrolyte complexes10.1016/j.drudis.2017.06.008 ↗
7. NAD+-associated-hyaluronic acid and poly(L-lysine) polyelectrolyte complexes: an evaluation of their potential for ocular drug delivery10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.10.004 ↗
8. Preparation of a biobased polyelectrolyte complex from chitosan and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and its antibacterial characteristics10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.089 ↗
9. Vaginal inserts based on chitosan and carboxymethylcellulose complexes for local delivery of chlorhexidine: preparation, characterization and antimicrobial activity10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.12.008 ↗
10. Chitosan-sodium alginate nanoparticle as a promising approach for oral delivery of rosuvastatin calcium: formulation, optimization and in vitro characterization10.9734/jpri/2020/v32i130394 ↗
11. Chondroitin sulfate-chitosan nanoparticles for ocular delivery of bromfenac sodium: improved permeation, retention, and penetration10.4103/2230-973X.177823 ↗
12. Polyelectrolyte complexes: a review of their applicability in drug delivery technology10.4103/0250-474X.58165 ↗
13. Development and optimization of proniosomal formulation of irbesartan using a Box-Behnken design to enhance oral bioavailability: physicochemical characterization and in vivo assessment10.1021/acsomega.3c10506 ↗
14. Topical sustained-release dexamethasone-loaded chitosan nanoparticles: assessment of drug delivery efficiency in a rabbit model of endotoxin-induced uveitis10.3390/pharmaceutics15092273 ↗
15. Formulation and evaluation of polymer-coated bimatoprost-chitosan matrix ocular inserts for sustained lowering of IOP in rabbits10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103885 ↗
16. Brinzolamide loaded chitosan-pectin mucoadhesive nanocapsules for management of glaucoma: formulation, characterization and pharmacodynamic study10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.219 ↗
17. Alginate coated chitosan core shell nanoparticles for oral delivery of enoxaparin: in vitro and in vivo assessment10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.08.037 ↗
18. Treatment of experimental anterior and intermediate uveitis by a dexamethasone intravitreal implant10.1167/iovs.10-5939 ↗
19. Amoxicillin loaded chitosan–alginate polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles as mucopenetrating delivery system for H. pylori10.3797/scipharm.1011-05 ↗
20. Rowe · 2009 · 506
21. Self-emulsifying drug delivery system for enhanced oral delivery of tenofovir: formulation, physicochemical characterization, and bioavailability assessment10.1021/acsomega.3c08565 ↗
22. Clarithromycin-loaded ocular chitosan nanoparticle: formulation, optimization, characterization, ocular irritation, and antimicrobial activity10.2147/IJN.S269004 ↗
23. Formulation and in-vitro/ex-vivo characterization of pregelled hybrid alginate-chitosan microparticles for ocular delivery of ketorolac tromethamine10.3390/polym15132773 ↗
24. Preparation of gellan gum and chitosan based in-situ gel of timolol maleate for ophthalmic drug delivery and evaluation of physicochemical properties and drug release profile
25. Cationic polyelectrolytes—anionic surfactant complexes used in the coagulation flocculation processes
26. Preparation of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose–chitosan complex membranes through sustainable aqueous phase separation10.1021/acsapm.2c01901 ↗
27. Statistical optimization and characterization of pH-independent extended-release drug delivery of cefpodoxime proxetil using Box-Behnken design10.1016/j.cherd.2013.05.032 ↗
28. Formulation development, optimization by Box-Behnken design, characterization, in vitro, ex-vivo, and in vivo evaluation of bosentan-loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system: a novel alternative dosage form for pulmonary arterial hypertension treatment10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106159 ↗
29. Applying Box–Behnken design for formulation and optimization of PLGA-coffee nanoparticles and detecting enhanced antioxidant and anticancer activities10.3390/polym14010144 ↗
30. Formulation, optimization and evaluation of cytarabine-loaded iron oxide nanoparticles: from in vitro to in vivo evaluation of anticancer activity10.3390/nano13010175 ↗
31. Optimizing phenol-modified hyaluronic acid for designing shape-maintaining biofabricated hydrogel scaffolds in soft tissue engineering10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125201 ↗
32. Box-Behnken modeling to quantify the impact of control parameters on the energy and tensile efficiency of PEEK in MEX 3D-printing10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18363 ↗
33. Polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) obtained from chitosan and carboxymethylcellulose: a physicochemical and microstructural study10.1016/j.carpta.2022.100197 ↗
34. Chitosan derivatives with mucoadhesive and antimicrobial properties for simultaneous nanoencapsulation and extended ocular release formulations of dexamethasone and chloramphenicol drugs10.3390/pharmaceutics12060594 ↗
35. Miscibility and morphology of chiral semicrystalline poly‐(R)‐(3‐hydroxybutyrate)/chitosan and poly‐(R)‐(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate)/chitosan blends studied with DSC, 1H T1 and T1ρ CRAMPS10.1002/app.11091 ↗
36. Characterization of chitin, chitosan and their carboxymethyl derivatives by differential scanning calorimetry10.1016/S0144-8617(01)00320-4 ↗
37. FTIR and TGA studies of chitosan composite films10.4067/S0717-97072004000400005 ↗
38. Thermal stability studies of some chitosanmetal ion complexes using differential scanning calorimetry10.1016/0141-3910(95)00220-0 ↗
39. Investigation on the properties of methoxy poly (ethylene glycol)/chitosan graft co-polymers10.1163/156856207794761943 ↗
40. Ocular permeation and sustained anti-inflammatory activity of dexamethasone from kaolin nanodispersion hydrogel system10.1080/02713683.2018.1446534 ↗
41. Encapsulation of dexamethasone into biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.11.028 ↗
42. Assessment of the drug loading, in vitro and in vivo release behavior of novel pH-sensitive hydrogel10.3109/10717544.2014.908329 ↗
43. Synthesis and characterization of chitosan-MMT biocomposite systems10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.06.004 ↗
44. X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD) studies on kenaf dust filled chitosan bio‐composites10.1063/1.2906040 ↗
45. Nanoporous sodium carboxymethyl cellulose-g-poly (sodium acrylate)/fecl3 hydrogel beads: synthesis and characterization10.3390/gels6040049 ↗
46. Formulation and development of tacrolimus-gellan gum nanoformulation for treatment of dry eye disease10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112255 ↗
47. Development and optimization of vitamin E TPGS based PLGA nanoparticles for improved and safe ocular delivery of ketorolac10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102121 ↗
48. Ocular delivery of bimatoprost-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for effective management of glaucoma10.3390/ph16071001 ↗