Inorganic Nanoparticle Functionalization Strategies in Immunotherapeutic Applications
Source abstract
Abstract
Nanotechnology has been increasingly utilized in anticancer treatment owing to its ability of engineering functional nanocarriers that enhance therapeutic effectiveness while minimizing adverse effects. Inorganic nanoparticles (INPs) are prevalent nanocarriers to be customized for a wide range of anticancer applications, including theranostics, imaging, targeted drug delivery, and therapeutics, because they are advantageous for their superior biocompatibility, unique optical properties, and capacity of being modified via versatile surface functionalization strategies. In the past decades, the high adaptation of INPs in this emerging immunotherapeutic field makes them good carrier options for tumor immunotherapy and combination immunotherapy. Tumor immunotherapy requires targeted delivery of immunomodulating therapeutics to tumor locations or immunological organs to provoke immune cells and induce tumor-specific immune response while regulating immune homeostasis, particularly switching the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. This review explores various INP designs and formulations, and their employment in tumor immunotherapy and combination immunotherapy. We also introduce detailed demonstrations of utilizing surface engineering tactics to create multifunctional INPs. The generated INPs demonstrate the abilities of stimulating and enhancing the immune response, specific targeting, and regulating cancer cells, immune cells, and their resident microenvironment, sometimes along with imaging and tracking capabilities, implying their potential in multitasking immunotherapy. Furthermore, we discuss the promises of INP-based combination immunotherapy in tumor treatments.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics · Immunotherapy and Immune Responses · Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Biomedical Materials Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
Institute of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
Kangwon Radiation Convergence Research Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
Funding
Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea
References (100+)
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