Interaction of liquid titanium with zirconates and titanates of some alkaline earth metals

Abstract The article presents the results of a study of the interaction of titanium melt with of zirconates BaZrO₃ and SrZrO₃, as well as titanate SrTiO₃ under vacuum conditions and in an inert atmosphere at normal pressure. An original titanium heating method was used during the experiments. It eliminated the melt circulation at the interface between the solid and liquid phases. The method was based on resistive electrical heating of a Grade 2 titanium alloy rod or strip pressed into BaZrO₃, SrZrO₃ and SrTiO₃ powders. Studied the structure, elemental, and phase composition of the products formed during various (up to 300 s) contact of titanium melt with surface zirconates and titaniums. The phase composition was compared with the products obtained by heating compacts from a mixture of titanium powders with BaZrO₃, SrZrO₃ and SrTiO₃ powders. It was shown based on the results obtained that titanium, upon contact with these ceramic materials dissolves zirconium and oxygen and reduces barium and strontium to a metallic state. Barium and strontium evaporated due to the high vapor pressure at the experimental temperature, and caused the melt to splash or form a vapor layer that reduced the interaction rate of the melt with the ceramic. When a titanium melt interacted with BaZrO₃ and SrZrO₃ intermediate phases were not formed in quantities sufficient for their identification. The Sr₃Zr₂O₇ phase was formed in small quantities during heating a mixture of Ti+SrZrO₃ powders. When a titanium melt interacted with SrTiO₃, a layer of an intermediate phase was formed, similar in composition to TiO₂. Equations for the chemical reaction of the interaction of titanium with the indicated zirconates and titanate were compiled based on the experimental data obtained. It has been shown that titanium melt weted the surface of BaZrO₃, SrZrO₃ powders well and poorly weted the surface of SrTiO₃ powder.