journal article·2003-03

An analysis of intermetallics formation of gold and copper ball bonding on thermal aging

S Murali, N Srikanth, Charles J Vath

Materials Research Bulletin· Volume 38· Issue 4
Publisher page

Abstract

Abstract In IC packages, thermosonic wire bonding is the preferred method for making electrical connections between the die pad and lead frame. These interconnect are made using fine metal wires. On thermal aging (under 175 °C for 5 h) gold aluminide easily forms in gold ball bonds while formation of intermetallic compound is absent in case of copper ball bonds. An analysis of the atomic property of the elements bonded explains that atomic radii and electronegativity factors favor gold aluminide formation.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Electronic Packaging and Soldering Technologies · 3D IC and TSV technologies · Copper Interconnects and Reliability

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (13)

Show source-provided references
1. G.G. Harman, Wire Bonding in Microelectronics, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1989.
2. J. Kurtz, D. Cousens, M. Dufour, Copper ball bonding, in: Proceedings of the 34th IEEE Electronic Components Conference, New Orleans, LA, May 1984, pp. 1–5.
3. J.H. Westbrook, R.L. Fleischer, Intermetallic Compounds 1 (1994) 91–125, 227–275.
4. Philofsky · Solid State Electronics · 1970 · 13 · 139110.1016/0038-1101(70)90172-3 ↗
5. Koeninger · Trans. Components Packag. Manufact. Technol., Part A · 1995 · 18 · 83510.1109/95.477471 ↗
6. T.W. Ellis, L. Levine, R. Wicen, L. Ainouz, Copper wire bonding, in: Proceedings of SEMICON Conference, Singapore, 8–11 May 2000, pp. 44–48.
7. I.L. Finar, Organic Chemistry: The Fundamental Principles, vol. 1, ELBS, London, 1967.
8. S. Murali, N. Srikanth, C.J. Vath, III, Study on thermosonic ball bonding of copper and gold wires, in: Proceedings of SEMICON Conference, Singapore, 6–9 May 2002, pp. 127–136.
9. A.H. Cottrell, Theoretical Structural Metallurgy, Edward Arnold Publisher, London, 1954, pp. 125–138.
10. J. Shackelford, W. Alexander, CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, CRC Press, London, 1992.
11. Chen · Scr. Metall. · 1977 · 11 · 72510.1016/0036-9748(77)90065-5 ↗
12. Weaver · Philos. Mag. · 1970 · 2B · 37710.1080/14786437008228230 ↗
13. Takei · Solid State Electronics · 1968 · 11 · 20510.1016/0038-1101(68)90080-4 ↗