Magnetic and electric modulus properties of In substituted Mg–Mn–Cu ferrites

Abstract Ferrite of composition Mg (1− y ) Cu ( y ) Mn (0.1) In ( x ) Fe (1.9 −x ) O 4 with (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4; y = 0.0 and y = 0.1) has been synthesized by solid state reaction technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the samples indicated the formation of single-phase cubic spinel structure up to 0.2 and mixed phase for samples x ≥ 0.3. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements indicated that the saturation magnetization increases up to x = 0.2 and thereafter it decreases. Electric modulus analysis was used as a tool to analyze the electrical behavior of the samples. The activation energies extracted from real M ′ ( ω ) and imaginary M ″ ( ω ) peaks were found to follow the Arrhenius law. The area ratio of Fe 3+ at the tetrahedral A- and octahedral B-sites was deduced from the spectral analysis of Mossbauer measurements. The results give evidence that In 3+ replaces Fe 3+ at A-site in the range (0.0 x ≤ 0.2). As the In 3+ content increases; it replaces Fe at B-site.