Shear and shear-induced normal responses of origami cylinders relate to their structural asymmetries

Origami cylinders have been studied extensively under compression, however, their normal force response under shear deformation is still ill-understood. We experimentally studied the shear-induced normal force of these systems and provided a simple model to predict this response in Yoshimura and Kresling origami cylinders in the range of small deformations. Besides that, the effect of disorder is little understood in those origami patterns. Therefore, we investigate the disorder effect and show it can lead to diverse normal responses perpendicular to shear deformation in crumpled Yoshimura, with slopes of the force perpendicular to torsion that can be positive, zero, or negative depending on the disordered pattern of folds. The disorder leads to an asymmetry concerning the shearing direction, which we quantified via an asymmetry index from the 2D Fast Fourier transform spectrum of the crease pattern images. This asymmetry index is found to be linearly related to the slope of the normal force-torsion relationship.