journal article·2023-01Open access

Modulating chemical composition of the D-π-D-A-D type copolymers to obtain soluble Neutral-state green or dark Yellowish-black films with Multi-color electrochromism

Zhen Xu, Bozhen Wang, Shouli Ming, Jinsheng Zhao, Yan Zhang

Materials & Design· Volume 225

Abstract

Novel high-performance D-π-D-A-D type polymeric electrochromic materials consisting of phenylene π-bridged core alternated with the donor cyclopentadithiophene derivatives and the D-A-D moiety thiophene-diketopyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-thiophene (TDPPT), differing by the ratio of donor to acceptor units incorporated, were achieved by Suzuki cross-coupling reaction. The polymer films displayed intense dual visible absorptions in their neutral states, which were modulated both in the positions and relative intensities by regulating the chemical composition as well as the donor-to-acceptor ratio in the polymer backbone, allowing the facile manipulation of the neutral-state colors. The polymer PBDC-1 exhibited a deep green neutral-state color. PBDC-2 and PBDC-3 also demonstrated two strong and broad absorptions, but a relative small gap of transmission in the orange-yellow region, giving the films dark yellowish-black color. In situ optical monitoring revealed that all the polymers underwent surprising multi-color variations upon the redox cycling, simultaneous with fast switching speeds, high coloration efficiencies, and large optical contrasts.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Conducting polymers and applications · Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials · Perovskite Materials and Applications

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (62)

Show source-provided references
1. Color and transparency-switchable semitransparent polymer solar cells towards smart windows10.1016/j.scib.2019.11.002 ↗
2. Silicon nanostructure-doped polymer/nematic liquid crystal composites for low voltage-driven smart windows10.1088/1361-6528/ac3a3b ↗
3. An all-solid-state polymeric electrochromic device based on two well-matched electrodes with fast switching time and excellent cycling stability10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104737 ↗
4. 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate-doped high ionic conductivity gel electrolytes with reduced anodic reaction potentials for electrochromic devices10.1016/j.matdes.2017.01.033 ↗
5. Non-volatile, Li-doped ion gel electrolytes for flexible WO3-based electrochromic devices10.1016/j.matdes.2018.11.016 ↗
6. Large area electrochromic displays with ultrafast response speed and high contrast using solution-processable and patternable honeycomb-like polyaniline nanostructures10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114248 ↗
7. Electrochromic metamaterials of metal-dielectric stacks for multicolor displays with high color purity10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02030 ↗
8. Color brightness modulation of a responsive photonic liquid for multicolored electrochromic displays10.1039/D1TC05516J ↗
9. Electrophoretically-deposited CdSe quantum dot films for electrochromic displays and smart windows10.1021/acsanm.1c01007 ↗
10. A self-bleaching electrochromic mirror based on metal organic frameworks10.3390/ma14112771 ↗
11. Electrochromic fabric displays from a robust, open-air fabrication technique
12. Multicolor electrochromic dye-doped liquid crystal yolk-shell microcapsules
13. Towards modulating the colour hues of isoindigo-based electrochromic polymers through variation of thiophene-based donor groups10.1039/D1PY01531A ↗
14. Exploring isomeric effects on optical and electrochemical properties of red/orange electrochromic polymers10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02719 ↗
15. Tuning the electrochromic properties of fluorinated benzochalcogenodiazole based donor-acceptor polymers10.1002/slct.202003271 ↗
16. Solution-processable, hypercrosslinked polymer via post-crosslinking for electrochromic supercapacitor with outstanding electrochemical stability10.1016/j.solmat.2020.110661 ↗
17. Fast switching triphenylamine-based electrochromic polymers with fluorene core: electrochemical synthesis and optoelectronic properties10.1149/1945-7111/ac4f71 ↗
18. Design strategy for efficient solution-processable red electrochromic polymers based on unconventional 3,6-bis(dodecyloxy)thieno [3,2-b]thiophene building blocks10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01213 ↗
19. Three novel donor-acceptor type electrochromic polymers containing 2,3-bis(5-methylfuran-2-yl)thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine acceptor and different thiophene donors: Low-band-gap, neutral green-colored, fast-switching materials10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.10.020 ↗
20. Thiadiazolo[3,4-c]pyridine as an acceptor toward fast-switching green donor–acceptor-type electrochromic polymer with low bandgap, ACS. Appl. Mater
21. Synthesis and electrochromic performances of donor-acceptor-type polymers from chalcogenodiazolo [3,4-c]pyridine and alkyl ProDOTs10.1016/j.electacta.2018.01.099 ↗
22. Solution-processable neutral green electrochromic polymer containing thieno[3,2-b]thiophene derivative as unconventional donor units10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01624 ↗
23. Tunable green electrochromic polymers via direct arylation polymerization10.1039/C8PY01105B ↗
24. Donor–acceptor type polymers containing the 2,3-bis(2-pyridyl)-5,8-dibromoquinoxaline acceptor and different thiophene donors: electrochemical, spectroelectrochemistry and electrochromic properties10.1039/C5NJ02651B ↗
25. The availability of neutral cyan, green, blue and purple colors from simple D-A type polymers with commercially available thiophene derivatives as the donor units10.3390/polym9120656 ↗
26. Synthesis and characterization of novel donor–acceptor type neutral green electrochromic polymers containing an indolo[3,2-b]carbazole donor and diketopyrrolopyrrole acceptor10.1039/C8RA03552K ↗
27. Electrochemical polymerization of bis(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-substituted 1,4-diketo-3,6-diphenyl-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole (DPP) derivative10.1002/macp.200800507 ↗
28. Multicolored electrochromism from benzodipyrrolidone-based ambipolar electrochromes at a fixed potential10.1039/C6TC04834J ↗
29. Benzothiadiazole, hexylthiophen and alkoxy benzene based solution processable copolymer: Effect of the electron withdrawing substituents (fluorine atoms) on electrochemical, optical and electrochromic properties10.1016/j.orgel.2018.06.048 ↗
30. Multi-color electrochromism containing green color based on electrochemically polymerized star-shaped phenyl bithiophene10.1039/C8CP00338F ↗
31. The donor-acceptor approach allows a black-to-transmissive switching polymeric electrochrome10.1038/nmat2272 ↗
32. Broadly absorbing black to transmissive switching electrochromic polymers10.1002/adma.201002234 ↗
33. A new soluble neutral state black electrochromic copolymer via a donor–acceptor approach10.1016/j.orgel.2010.05.001 ↗
34. Donor-acceptor type random copolymers for full visible light absorption10.1039/c0cc04934d ↗
35. Material strategies for black-to-transmissive window-type polymer electrochromic devices, ACS. Appl. Mater
36. Color tuning of black for electrochromic polymers using precursor blends10.1039/c3cc41584h ↗
37. Color-tuning neutrality for flexible electrochromics via a single-layer dual conjugated polymer approach10.1002/adma.201403370 ↗
38. Color tuning for black-to-transmissive conjugated copolymer with excellent electrochromic properties via electrochemical copolymerization of two donor-acceptor type monomers
39. Modulating high-energy visible light absorption to attain neutral-state black electrochromic polymers10.1039/C5TC02883C ↗
40. Relax: A sterically relaxed donor-acceptor approach for color tuning in broadly absorbing, high contrast electrochromic polymers10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01114 ↗
41. The optimization of donor-to-acceptor feed ratios with the aim of obtaining black-to-transmissive switching polymers based on isoindigo as the electron-deficient moiety10.1039/C6RA28865K ↗
42. Thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-based conjugated copolymers for solution-processable neutral black electrochromism10.1039/C8PY01208C ↗
43. Black-to-transmissive electrochromic switching polymer films via solution co-processing10.1039/C5NJ03023D ↗
44. Neutral color tuning of polymer electrochromic devices using an organic dye10.1039/c4cc02289k ↗
45. Germafluorenes: new heterocycles for plastic electronics10.1021/ma9025866 ↗
46. High-performance near-infrared organic phototransistors based on diketopyrrolopyrrole conjugated polymers with partial removal of long branched alkyl side chains10.1039/D0TC03662E ↗
47. Fluoro-substituted DPP-bisthiophene conjugated polymer with azides in the side chains as ambipolar semiconductor and photoresist10.1007/s11426-022-1279-x ↗
48. Ionic charge storage in diketopyrrolopyrrole-based redox-active conjugated polymers10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c11635 ↗
49. Diketopyrrolopyrrole-based conjugated polymers containing planar benzo[c]cinnoline and tetraazapyrene structures for high-performance and long-term stable triboelectric nanogenerators10.1039/D2TC03551K ↗
50. Enhanced doping efficiency and thermoelectric performance of diketopyrrolopyrrole-based conjugated polymers with extended thiophene donors10.1039/D0TC04094K ↗
51. Charge mobility enhancement for conjugated DPP-selenophene polymer by simply replacing one bulky branching alkyl chain with linear one at each DPP unit10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b01007 ↗
52. Enhancing the memory-stretchability property of π-conjugated polymers using pendant arene side chains in nonvolatile transistor memory10.1021/acsapm.1c01167 ↗
53. Toward high mobility green solvent-processable conjugated polymers: A systematic study on chalcogen effect in poly (diketopyrrolopyrrole-alt-terchalcogenophene)s10.1002/adfm.202104881 ↗
54. Backbone engineering of diketopyrrolopyrrole-based conjugated polymers through random terpolymerization for improved mobility-stretchability property10.1021/acsami.0c14592 ↗
55. A high mobility conjugated polymer enables air and thermally stable CsPbI2Br perovskite solar cells with an efficiency exceeding 15%10.1002/admt.201900311 ↗
56. A cyclopentadithiophene-bridged small molecule acceptor with near-infrared light absorption for efficient organic solar cells10.1039/C9TC00162J ↗
57. One-pot synthesis of cyclopentadithiophene-isoindigo based low bandgap long-chain π-conjugated oligomers10.1016/j.mtcomm.2019.100850 ↗
58. Hybrid materials and polymer electrolytes for electrochromic device applications10.1002/adma.201200213 ↗
59. Double-acceptor conjugated polymers for NIR-II fluorescence imaging and NIR-II photothermal therapy applications10.1039/D0TB02499F ↗
60. NaYF4:Yb, Er, Nd@NaYF4: Nd upconversion nanocrystals capped with Mn:TiO2 for 808 nm NIR-Triggered photocatalytic applications10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b05234 ↗
61. Theoretical design and characterization of NIR porphyrin-based sensitizers for applications in dye-sensitized solar cells10.1016/j.solener.2019.06.043 ↗
62. NIR-Absorbing RuII Complexes Containing α-Oligothiophenes for Applications in Photodynamic Therapy10.1002/cbic.202000419 ↗