Waste for Waste: Interface-Intensified Durable Superhydrophilic–Superoleophobic Collagen Fiber Membrane for Efficient Separation of Cationic Surfactant-Stabilized Oil-in-Water Emulsions

Cationic surfactant-stabilized oil-in-water emulsions pose a significant challenge in separation due to the presence of surfactants. Herein, we develop a collagen-fiber-based CFM–PMDA–TiO 2 membrane with unique infiltration properties capable of efficiently separating cationic surfactant-stabilized oil-in-water emulsions by exploiting the charge-demulsification effect. The membrane exhibits superhydrophilic and submerged superoleophobic properties, making it highly suitable for separating a wide range of commercially available cationic surfactant-stabilized oil-in-water microemulsions and nanoemulsions, which demonstrates an exceptional separation efficiency as high as 99.86% and an impressive flux of up to 1436.40 L m –2 h –1 . Furthermore, even after a strong subjecting of the membrane to sandpaper abrasion and a full 15 time use, the separation efficacy of oil-in-water emulsions is retained, highlighting the durability, reusability, and economic viability. We propose that these features are enabled by the electrostatic interactions triggered from pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and superhydrophilic–superoleophobic membrane intensified by the TiO 2 on the unique collagen fiber membrane. Outcomes emphasize the versatility and potential of our membrane in addressing emulsified oily wastewater hurdles.