journal article·2026-01Open access

Scalable and Sustainable Cathode Regeneration from Blended Spent Batteries into Stable Lithium‐Rich Manganese‐Based Cathodes

Haiyan Qin, Xia Sun, Tingzhou Yang, Pengrong Zhang, Haochen Dong, Ning Liu, Yongguang Zhang, Zhongwei Chen

Batteries & Supercaps· Volume 9· Issue 1

Abstract

As a vital urban mineral resource, the efficient recycling of spent lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) is crucial for mitigating resource scarcity and environmental pollution, especially for obtaining high‐value cathode materials through various regeneration methods. Herein, a large‐scale recyclable and sustainable direct cathode regeneration strategy is explored to obtain stable lithium‐rich manganese‐based cathode materials via a customized continuous stirred tank reactor, enabling the transition to next‐generation high‐energy‐density LIBs via battery recycling. A high recycling efficiency between 97.38% and 99.93% is achieved for high‐value transition metal elements, and the regenerated next‐generation higher‐specific capacity cathode materials with higher lattice oxygen and lower oxygen vacancy demonstrate better structural stability and improved electrochemical performance than corresponding commercial materials. Life cycle and technoeconomic analysis are used to highlight the cathode regeneration method, which exhibits significant advantages across all 18 midpoint and 3 endpoint environmental impact categories, with a 44.22% cost reduction compared to commercial materials. This commercialization strategy holds significant promise for advancing closed‐loop battery recycling and minimizing environmental pollution in LIB production, offering a new perspective for sustainable battery recycling.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Extraction and Separation Processes · Advancements in Battery Materials · Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 China

State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nantong University Nantong 226019 China

Funding

Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province

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