Chessboard-Like Silicon/Graphite Anodes with High Cycling Stability toward Practical Lithium-Ion Batteries

The coutilization of silicon (Si) and graphite is a commercially viable method for realizing high-energy-density anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. However, the high cost and complicated manufacturing process for Si/graphite composite anodes hinder their practical application. Herein, a chessboard-like Si/graphite anode with a homogeneous distribution of Si on the surface of graphite was prepared using low-cost raw materials and processes compatible with industrial production methods. After optimizing the ratio between Si and graphite, the Si/graphite composite demonstrated a high reversible specific capacity of 522.4 mA h g–1 at 1 A g–1 after activation, along with excellent cycling stability with 92.9% capacity retention after 400 cycles. The chessboard-like distribution of Si particles in the electrode alleviates electrode swelling and improves capacity retention. A porous structure of Si was developed to buffer the volume expansion and increase the compatibility of the Si/graphite composite. The graphite functioned as a supporting and conductive matrix that provides transmission channels for Li+ ions. Therefore, this structure of the Si/graphite composite contributes to its high specific capacity and excellent cycling performance.