HAADF-STEM for the analysis of core–shell quantum dots
Source abstract
Abstract
The capability of the imaging technique of high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) to detect the interface in small core/shell quantum dots (QDs) is investigated. In particular, two methodologies based on HAADF-STEM-simulated images are evaluated. The first methodology relies on quantifying the HAADF-STEM intensity variations in the particle to be correlated with the atomic number (Z) changes through the interface core–shell. The second approach consists of the measurement of the strain field of these QDs based on the analysis of the core–shell lattice mismatch. The applicability of both methodologies for core–shell particles of different sell thicknesses and core compositions is discussed. The work has showed that both methodologies are expected to provide successful results as far as the quality of the experimental images is good enough. In addition, both procedures have been applied to an experimental image of CdSe/ZnS colloidal core/shell QD with a nominal value of shell thickness of 0.6 nm, demonstrating the successful detection of the ZnS shell.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties · Chalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films · ZnO doping and properties
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (33)
Show source-provided references
1. Litvin AP, Martynenko IV, Purcell-Milton F et al (2017) Colloidal quantum dots for optoelectronics. J Mater Chem A 5:13252–1327510.1039/C7TA02076G ↗
2. Baskoutas S (2006) Size-dependent band gap of colloidal quantum dots. J Appl Phys 99:1370810.1063/1.2158502 ↗
3. Byun HJ, Song WS, Yang H (2011) Facile consecutive solvothermal growth of highly fluorescent InP/ZnS core/shell quantum dots using a safer phosphorus source. Nanotechnology 22:235605–23560610.1088/0957-4484/22/23/235605 ↗
4. Meinardi F, Colombo A, Velizhanin KA et al (2014) Large-area luminescent solar concentrators based on Stokes-shift-engineered nanocrystals in a mass-polymerized PMMA matrix. Nat Photonics 8:392–39910.1038/nphoton.2014.54 ↗
5. Vinayakan R, Shanmugapriya T, Nair PV et al (2007) An approach for optimizing the shell thickness of core–shell quantum dots using photoinduced charge transfer. J Phys Chem C 111:10146–1014910.1021/jp072823h ↗
6. Yu Z, Quo L, Du H et al (2005) Shell distribution on colloidal CdSe/ZnS quantum dots. Nano Lett 5:565–57010.1021/nl048245n ↗
7. Kisielowski C, Freitag B, Bischoff M et al (2008) Detection of single atoms and buried defects in three dimensions by aberration-corrected electron microscope with 0.5-Å information limit. Microsc Microanal 14:469–47710.1017/S1431927608080902 ↗
8. Kauko H, Zheng CL, Zhu Y et al (2013) Compositional analysis of GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures using quantitative scanning transmission electron microscopy. Appl Phys Lett 103:232111–23211410.1063/1.4838556 ↗
9. Van Aert S, Batenburg KJ, Rossell MD et al (2011) Three-dimensional atomic imaging of crystalline nanoparticles. Nature 470:374–37710.1038/nature09741 ↗
10. Casavola M, Van Huis MA, Bals S et al (2012) Anisotropic cation exchange in PbSe/CdSe core/shell nanocrystals of different geometry. Chem Mater 24:294–30210.1021/cm202796s ↗
11. Deepak FL, Casillas-Garcia G, Esparza R et al (2011) New insights into the structure of PdAu nanoparticles as revealed by aberration-corrected STEM. J Cryst Growth 325:60–6710.1016/j.jcrysgro.2011.04.026 ↗
12. Pizarro J, Galindo PL, Guerrero E et al (2008) Simulation of high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy images of large nanostructures. Appl Phys Lett 93:2006–200910.1063/1.2998656 ↗
13. Galindo PL, Kret S, Sanchez AM et al (2007) The peak pairs algorithm for strain mapping from HRTEM images. Ultramicroscopy 107:1186–119310.1016/j.ultramic.2007.01.019 ↗
14. Kunstman P, Coulon J, Kolmykov O et al (2018) One step synthesis of bright luminescent core/shell CdTexS1−x/ZnS quantum dots emitting from the visible to the near infrared. J Lumin 194:760–76710.1016/j.jlumin.2017.09.047 ↗
15. Rezaei B, Shahshahanipour M, Ensafi AA, Farrokhpour H (2017) Development of highly selective and sensitive fluorimetric label-free mercury aptasensor based on cysteamine@CdTe/ZnS quantum dots, experimental and theoretical investigation. Sens Actuators B Chem 247:400–40710.1016/j.snb.2017.03.082 ↗
16. Ramasamy P, Kim N, Kang YS et al (2017) Tunable, bright, and narrow-band luminescence from colloidal indium phosphide quantum dots. Chem Mater 29:6893–689910.1021/acs.chemmater.7b02204 ↗
17. Mordvinova N, Vinokurov A, Kuznetsova T et al (2017) Highly luminescent core–shell InP/ZnX (X = S, Se) quantum dots prepared via a phosphine synthetic route. Dalt Trans 46:1297–130310.1039/C6DT03956A ↗
18. Rosenthal SJ, McBride J, Pennycook SJ, Feldman LC (2007) Synthesis, surface studies, composition and structural characterization of CdSe, core/shell and biologically active nanocrystals. Surf Sci Rep 62:111–15710.1016/j.surfrep.2007.02.001 ↗
19. Cho Y, Park JS, Yang J-M et al (2015) Quantitative compositional analysis of InxGa1−xN/GaN multiquantum wells in light-emitting diodes. J Mater Res 30:2893–289910.1557/jmr.2015.188 ↗
20. Grieb T, Müller K, Fritz R et al (2013) Quantitative chemical evaluation of dilute GaNAs using ADF STEM: avoiding surface strain induced artifacts. Ultramicroscopy 129:1–910.1016/j.ultramic.2013.02.006 ↗
21. Zuo JM, Kim M, O’Keeffe M et al (2014) Identifying and correcting scan noise and drift in the scanning transmission electron microscope. Phys Rev B Condens Matter Mater Phys 89:12248–12265
22. Van Schooneveld MM, Gloter A, Stephan O et al (2010) Imaging and quantifying the morphology of an organic-inorganic nanoparticle at the sub-nanometre level. Nat Nanotechnol 5:538–54410.1038/nnano.2010.105 ↗
23. Zhang Z, Long Y, Cazottes S et al (2015) The peculiarity of the metal-ceramic interface. Sci Rep 5:1146010.1038/srep11460 ↗
24. Wu M, Trampert A, Al-Zoubi T et al (2015) Interface structure and strain state of InAs nano-clusters embedded in silicon. Acta Mater 90:133–13910.1016/j.actamat.2015.02.042 ↗
25. Li C, Wang L, Wang Z et al (2016) Atomic resolution interfacial structure of lead-free ferroelectric K0.5Na0.5NbO3 thin films deposited on SrTiO3. Sci Rep 6:3778810.1038/srep37788 ↗
26. Tang YL, Zhu YL, Ma XL (2016) On the benefit of aberration-corrected HAADF-STEM for strain determination and its application to tailoring ferroelectric domain patterns. Ultramicroscopy 160:57–6310.1016/j.ultramic.2015.09.014 ↗
27. Mahalingam K, Haugan HJ, Brown GJ, Eyink KG (2013) Quantitative analysis of interfacial strain in InAs/GaSb superlattices by aberration-corrected HRTEM and HAADF-STEM. Ultramicroscopy 127:70–7510.1016/j.ultramic.2012.09.005 ↗
28. Li J, Zhao C, Xing Y et al (2013) Full-field strain mapping at a Ge/Si heterostructure interface. Materials (Basel) 6:2130–214210.3390/ma6062130 ↗
29. Kim H, Meng Y, Kwon JH et al (2018) Determination of atomic vacancies in InAs/GaSb strained-layer superlattices by atomic strain. IUCrJ 5:67–7210.1107/S2052252517016219 ↗
30. Monteforte M, Kobayashi S, Tung LD et al (2016) Quantitative two-dimensional strain mapping of small core–shell FePt@Fe3O4 nanoparticles. New J Phys 18:03301610.1088/1367-2630/18/3/033016 ↗
31. Reiss P, Protière M, Li L (2009) Core/shell semiconductor nanocrystals. Small 5:154–16810.1002/smll.200800841 ↗
32. Yu WW, Qu L, Guo W, Peng X (2003) Experimental determination of the extinction coefficient of CdTe, CdSe, and CdS nanocrystals. Chem Mater 15:2854–286010.1021/cm034081k ↗
33. Gong K, Kelley DF (2014) A predictive model of shell morphology in CdSe/CdS core/shell quantum dots. J Chem Phys 141:19470410.1063/1.4901428 ↗