Amorphous MnO2-modified Li3V2(PO4)3/C as high-performance cathode for LIBs: the double effects of surface coating
Source abstract
Abstract
MnO2-modified Li3V2(PO4)3/C (LVP/C) composites with plate-like structure were prepared via an improved sol–gel method followed by PVA-assisted suspension coating. The plate-like structure provides an enlarged contact area between the electrolyte and electrode, alleviating the Li+ diffusion and e− transport during the reaction process. The formed hybrid coating layer consisted of C and MnO2 has the double effects, that is, the formation of a complete continuous protective layer on the surface of LVP particles and the simultaneous improvement of electronic and ionic conductivities. This coating layer not only prevents the V3+ dissolution into the electrolyte, but also achieves the simultaneous Li+/e− diffusion at charge–discharge process. Benefiting from the unique structure and the synergistic effect of C and MnO2, the 3 wt% MnO2-modified LVP/C material (M-3) exhibits the most excellent electrochemical performance among all the samples. At a high current rate of 5 C, the M-3 electrode delivers a discharge capacity of 113.2 mAh g−1 and corresponds to capacity retention almost 100% after 100 cycles. Even at low temperatures of 0 and − 20 °C, the discharge capacities of M-3 are 102.4 mAh g−1 at 2 C and 81.6 mAh g−1 at 1 C, with capacity retention of 98.8 and 97.3%, respectively. The enhanced electrochemical performance of M-3 is mainly attributed to the cooperation of C and MnO2, which provides large specific surface area and complete conductive network. As a result, the MnO2-modified LVP/C composites with the plate-like structure can be a promising candidate as cathode materials for LIBs.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Advancements in Battery Materials · Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication · Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (51)
Show source-provided references
1. Stempien JP, Chan SH (2017) Comparative study of fuel cell, battery and hybrid buses for renewable energy constrained areas. J Power Sources 340:347–35510.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.11.089 ↗
2. Li Y, Yang J, Song J (2017) Design principles and energy system scale analysis technologies of new lithium-ion and aluminum-ion batteries for sustainable energy electric vehicles. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 71:645–65110.1016/j.rser.2016.12.094 ↗
3. Zhou Y, Lee Y, Sun H et al (2017) Coating solution for high-voltage cathode: AlF3 atomic layer deposition for freestanding licoo2 electrodes with high energy density and excellent flexibility. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 9:9614–961910.1021/acsami.6b15628 ↗
4. Yi T-F, Mei J, Zhu Y-R (2016) Key strategies for enhancing the cycling stability and rate capacity of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 as high-voltage cathode materials for high power lithium-ion batteries. J Power Sources 316:85–10510.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.03.070 ↗
5. Eftekhari A (2017) LiFePO4/C nanocomposites for lithium-ion batteries. J Power Sources 343:395–41110.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.01.080 ↗
6. Gao H, Li Y, Park K, Goodenough JB (2016) Sodium extraction from NASICON-structured Na3MnTi(PO4)3 through Mn(III)/Mn(II) and Mn(IV)/Mn(III) redox couples. Chem Mater 28:6553–655910.1021/acs.chemmater.6b02096 ↗
7. Ivanishchev AV, Ushakov AV, Ivanishcheva IA et al (2017) Structural and electrochemical study of fast Li diffusion in Li3V2(PO4)3-based electrode material. Electrochim Acta 230:479–49110.1016/j.electacta.2017.02.009 ↗
8. Yamada A, Chung SC, Hinokuma K (2001) Optimized LiFePO4 for lithium battery cathodes. J Electrochem Soc 148:A224–A22910.1149/1.1348257 ↗
9. Rui X, Yan Q, Skyllas-Kazacos M, Lim TM (2014) Li3V2(PO4)3 cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries: a review. J Power Sources 258:19–3810.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.01.126 ↗
10. Ren M, Yang M, Liu W et al (2016) Co-modification of nitrogen-doped graphene and carbon on Li3V2(PO4)3 particles with excellent long-term and high-rate performance for lithium storage. J Power Sources 326:313–32110.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.07.009 ↗
11. Ivanishchev AV, Ushakov AV, Ivanishcheva IA et al (2017) Structural and electrochemical study of fast Li diffusion in Li3V2(PO4)3-based electrode material. Electrochim Acta 230:479–49110.1016/j.electacta.2017.02.009 ↗
12. Cheng Y, Ni X, Feng K et al (2016) Phase-change enabled 2D Li3V2(PO4)3/C submicron sheets for advanced lithium-ion batteries. J Power Sources 326:203–21010.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.06.124 ↗
13. He W, Wei C, Zhang X et al (2016) Li3V2(PO4)3/LiFePO4 composite hollow microspheres for wide voltage lithium ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 219:682–69210.1016/j.electacta.2016.10.047 ↗
14. Xiong F, Tan S, Wei Q et al (2017) Three-dimensional graphene frameworks wrapped Li3V2(PO4)3 with reversible topotactic sodium-ion storage. Nano Energy 32:347–35210.1016/j.nanoen.2016.12.050 ↗
15. Zhang L-L, Li Z, Yang X-L et al (2017) Binder-free Li3V2(PO4)3/C membrane electrode supported on 3D nitrogen-doped carbon fibers for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. Nano Energy 34:111–11910.1016/j.nanoen.2017.02.026 ↗
16. Yan H, Zhang G, Li Y (2017) Synthesis and characterization of advanced Li3V2(PO4)3 nanocrystals@conducting polymer PEDOT for high energy lithium-ion batteries. Appl Surf Sci 393:30–3610.1016/j.apsusc.2016.09.156 ↗
17. Chen Y, Zhao Y, An X et al (2009) Preparation and electrochemical performance studies on Cr-doped Li3V2(PO4)3 as cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 54:5844–585010.1016/j.electacta.2009.05.041 ↗
18. Yang Y, Xu W, Guo R et al (2014) Synthesis and electrochemical properties of Zn-doped, carbon coated lithium vanadium phosphate cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. J Power Sources 269:15–2310.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.07.005 ↗
19. Sun H-B, Zhou Y-X, Zhang L-L et al (2017) Investigations on Zr incorporation into Li3V2(PO4)3/C cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. Phys Chem Chem Phys 19:5155–516210.1039/C6CP07760A ↗
20. Liang S, Tan Q, Xiong W et al (2016) Carbon wrapped hierarchical Li3V2(PO4)3 microspheres for high performance lithium ion batteries. Sci Rep 6:3368210.1038/srep33682 ↗
21. Mao W, Fu Y, Zhao H et al (2015) Rational design and facial synthesis of Li3V2(PO4)3@C nanocomposites using carbon with different dimensions for ultrahigh-rate lithium-ion batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 7:12057–1206610.1021/acsami.5b02242 ↗
22. Liang S, Hu J, Zhang Y et al (2016) Facile synthesis of sandwich-structured Li3V2(PO4)3/carbon composite as cathodes for high performance lithium-ion batteries. J Alloys Compd 683:178–18510.1016/j.jallcom.2016.05.095 ↗
23. Kalluri S, Yoon M, Jo M, et al (2017) Feasibility of cathode surface coating technology for high-energy lithium-ion and beyond-lithium-ion batteries. Adv Mater 160580710.1002/adma.201605807 ↗
24. Li H, Zhou H (2012) Enhancing the performances of Li-ion batteries by carbon-coating: present and future. Chem Commun 48:1201–121710.1039/C1CC14764A ↗
25. Yang Y, Guo R, Cai G et al (2014) Preparation and electrochemical properties of ceria coated Li3V2(PO4)3/C cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. J Electrochem Soc 161:A2153–A215910.1149/2.0671414jes ↗
26. An J, Liu C, Guo R et al (2012) Ti3SiC2 modified LiFePO4/C cathode materials with improved electrochemical performance. J Electrochem Soc 159:A2038–A204210.1149/2.064212jes ↗
27. Sun D, Wu C, Guo R et al (2017) Enhanced low temperature electrochemical properties of Li3V2(PO4)3/C modified by a mixed conductive network of Ti3SiC2 and C. Ceram Int 43:2791–280010.1016/j.ceramint.2016.11.114 ↗
28. Zhang L-L, Liang G, Peng G et al (2012) Significantly improved electrochemical performance in Li3V2(PO4)3/C promoted by SiO2 coating for lithium-ion batteries. J Phys Chem C 116:12401–1240810.1021/jp301127r ↗
29. Cai G, Guo R, Liu L et al (2015) Enhanced low temperature electrochemical performances of LiFePO4/C by surface modification with Ti3SiC2. J Power Sources 288:136–14410.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.04.129 ↗
30. Lee HY, Goodenough JB (1999) Supercapacitor behavior with KCl electrolyte. J Solid State Chem 144:220–22310.1006/jssc.1998.8128 ↗
31. Esmaeilbeig MA, Movahedirad S (2017) Prediction of the self-diffusion coefficients in aqueous KCl solution using molecular dynamics: a comparative study of two force fields. Korean J Chem Eng 34:977–98610.1007/s11814-016-0367-0 ↗
32. Ziolkowska D, Korona KP, Hamankiewicz B et al (2013) The role of SnO2 surface coating on the electrochemical performance of LiFePO4 cathode materials. Electrochim Acta 108:532–53910.1016/j.electacta.2013.06.075 ↗
33. Zhang C, Shen L, Li H et al (2016) Enhanced electrochemical properties of MgF2 and C co-coated Li3V2(PO4)3 composite for Li-ion batteries. J Electroanal Chem 762:1–610.1016/j.jelechem.2015.12.022 ↗
34. Xu W, Liu L, Guo H et al (2013) Synthesis and electrochemical properties of Li3V2(PO4)3/C cathode material with an improved sol–gel method by changing pH value. Electrochim Acta 113:497–50410.1016/j.electacta.2013.09.126 ↗
35. Huang S-Z, Cai Y, Jin J et al (2016) Unique walnut-shaped porous MnO2/C nanospheres with enhanced reaction kinetics for lithium storage with high capacity and superior rate capability. J Mater Chem A 4:4264–427210.1039/C6TA00594B ↗
36. Lai C, Wei J, Wang Z et al (2015) Li3V2(PO4)3/(SiO2 + C) composite with better stability and electrochemical properties for lithium-ion batteries. Solid State Ion 272:121–12610.1016/j.ssi.2015.01.011 ↗
37. Zhou J, Sun X, Wang K (2016) Preparation of high-voltage Li3V2(PO4)3 co-coated by carbon and Li7La3Zr2O12 as a stable cathode for lithium-ion batteries. Ceram Int 42:10228–1023610.1016/j.ceramint.2016.03.144 ↗
38. Ferrari S, Lavall RL, Capsoni D et al (2010) Influence of particle size and crystal orientation on the electrochemical behavior of carbon-coated LiFePO4. J Phys Chem C 114:12598–1260310.1021/jp1025834 ↗
39. Rui XH, Li C, Liu J et al (2010) The Li3V2(PO4)3/C composites with high-rate capability prepared by a maltose-based sol-gel route. Electrochim Acta 55:6761–676710.1016/j.electacta.2010.05.093 ↗
40. Zhang R, Zhang Y, Zhu K et al (2014) Carbon and RuO2 binary surface coating for the Li3V2(PO4)3 cathode material for lithium-ion batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 6:12523–1253010.1021/am502387z ↗
41. Cao X, Pan A, Zhang Y et al (2016) Nanorod-nanoflake interconnected LiMnPO4·Li3V2(PO4)3/C composite for high-rate and long-life lithium-ion batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 8:27632–2764110.1021/acsami.6b06456 ↗
42. Han H, Qiu F, Liu Z, Han X (2015) ZrO2-coated Li3V2(PO4)3/C nanocomposite: a high-voltage cathode for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries with remarkable cycling performance. Ceram Int 41:8779–878410.1016/j.ceramint.2015.03.103 ↗
43. Zhang X, Kühnel R-S, Hu H et al (2015) Going nano with protic ionic liquids—the synthesis of carbon coated Li3V2(PO4)3 nanoparticles encapsulated in a carbon matrix for high power lithium-ion batteries. Nano Energy 12:207–21410.1016/j.nanoen.2014.12.008 ↗
44. Wu Z-S, Ren W, Xu L et al (2011) Doped graphene sheets as anode materials with superhigh rate and large capacity for lithium ion batteries. ACS Nano 5:5463–547110.1021/nn2006249 ↗
45. Chang K, Geng D, Li X et al (2013) Ultrathin MoS2/nitrogen-doped graphene nanosheets with highly reversible lithium storage. Adv Energy Mater 3:839–84410.1002/aenm.201201108 ↗
46. Rajagopalan R, Zhang L, Dou SX, Liu H (2016) Lyophilized 3D lithium vanadium phosphate/reduced graphene oxide electrodes for super stable lithium ion batteries. Adv Energy Mater 6:150176010.1002/aenm.201501760 ↗
47. Wu C, Guo R, Cai G et al (2016) Ti3SiC2 modified Li3V2(PO4)3/C cathode materials with simultaneous improvement of electronic and ionic conductivities for lithium ion batteries. J Power Sources 306:779–79010.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.12.084 ↗
48. Wang Z, He W, Zhang X et al (2017) 3D porous Li3V2(PO4)3/hard carbon composites for improving the rate performance of lithium ion batteries. RSC Adv 7:21848–2185510.1039/C6RA28014E ↗
49. Ryu I, Kim G, Yoon H et al (2016) Hierarchically nanostructured MnO2 electrodes for pseudocapacitor application. RSC Adv 6:102814–10282010.1039/C6RA22841K ↗
50. Chen S, Chen L, Li Y et al (2017) Synergistic effects of stabilizing the surface structure and lowering the interface resistance in improving the low-temperature performances of layered lithium-rich materials. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 9:8641–864810.1021/acsami.6b13995 ↗
51. Kou J, Chen L, Su Y et al (2015) Role of cobalt content in improving the low-temperature performance of layered lithium-rich cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 7:17910–1791810.1021/acsami.5b04514 ↗