journal article·2015-09Open access

Internal strains between grains during creep deformation of an austenitic stainless steel

B. Chen, J. N. Hu, Y. Q. Wang, S. Kabra, A. C. F. Cocks, D. J. Smith, P. E. J. Flewitt

Journal of Materials Science· Volume 50· Issue 17

Abstract

Internal strains that develop between grains during creep of an austenitic stainless steel were measured using in situ neutron diffraction. The secondary creep pre-strained test specimens were considered. Measurements were undertaken before, during and post creep deformation at 550 °C. There was no measurable change of internal strains between grains during in situ creep for 4 h at 550 °C. In addition, the effect of increasing/reducing temperatures in a range from 470 to 550 °C on the internal strains was measured and interpreted with respect to contributions from thermal expansion/contraction. No further internal misfit strains between grains were created when specimen crept during the dwell time at 530, 510, 490 and 470 °C. Results are discussed with respect to (i) the general structure of self-consistent models and (ii) the optimised use of neutron sources for creep studies.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗

Research context

OpenAlex topics: High Temperature Alloys and Creep · Fatigue and fracture mechanics · Nuclear Materials and Properties

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (28)

Show source-provided references
1. Clausen B, Lorentzen T, Leffers T (1998) Self-consistent modelling of the plastic deformation of FCC polycrystals and its implications for diffraction measurements of internal stresses. Acta Mater 46:3087–309810.1016/S1359-6454(98)00014-7 ↗
2. Daymond MR, Bouchard PJ (2006) Elastoplastic deformation of 316 stainless steel under tensile loading at elevated temperatures. Metall Mater Trans A 37:1863–187310.1007/s11661-006-0129-4 ↗
3. Chen B, Hu JN, Flewitt PEJ, Smith DJ, Cocks ACF, Zhang SY (2014) Quantifying internal stress and internal resistance associated with thermal ageing and creep in a polycrystalline material. Acta Mater 67:207–21910.1016/j.actamat.2013.12.027 ↗
4. Chen B, Hu JN, Wang YQ, Zhang SY, Van Petegem S, Cocks ACF, Smith DJ, Flewitt PEJ (2015) Role of the misfit stress between grains on the Bauschinger effect for a polycrystalline material. Acta Mater 85:229–24210.1016/j.actamat.2014.11.021 ↗
5. Li DF, O’Dowd N (2011) On the evolution of lattice deformation in austenitic stainless steels—the role of work hardening at finite strains. J Mech Phys Solids 59:2421–244110.1016/j.jmps.2011.09.008 ↗
6. Agnew SR, Brown DW, Tome CN (2006) Validating a polycrystal model for the elastoplastic response of magnesium alloy AZ31 using in situ neutron diffraction. Acta Mater 54:4841–485210.1016/j.actamat.2006.06.020 ↗
7. Korsunsky AM, James KE, Daymond MR (2004) Intergranular stresses in polycrystalline fatigue: diffraction measurement and self-consistent modelling. Eng Fract Mech 71:805–81210.1016/S0013-7944(03)00018-3 ↗
8. Winand HMA, Whitehouse AF, Withers PJ (2010) An investigation of the isothermal creep response of Al-based composites by neutron diffraction. Mater Sci Eng A 284:103–11310.1016/S0921-5093(00)00762-0 ↗
9. Rao A, Bouchard PJ, Northover SM, Fitzpatrick ME (2012) Anelasticity in austenitic stainless steel. Acta Mater 60:6851–686110.1016/j.actamat.2012.08.060 ↗
10. Ma S, Brown D, Bourke MAM, Daymond MR, Majumdar BS (2005) Microstrain evolution during creep of a high volume fraction superalloy. Mater Sci Eng A 399:141–15310.1016/j.msea.2005.02.034 ↗
11. Chen B, Flewitt PEJ, Smith DJ, Jones CP (2011) An improved method to identify grain boundary creep cavitation in 316H austenitic stainless steel. Ultramicroscopy 111:309–31310.1016/j.ultramic.2011.01.013 ↗
12. Webster GA, Holdsworth SR, Loveday MS, Nikbin K, Perrin IJ, Purper H, Skelton RP, Spindler MW (2004) A code of practice for conducting notched bar creep tests and for interpreting the data. Fatigue Fract Eng Mater Struct 27:319–34210.1111/j.1460-2695.2004.00765.x ↗
13. Wilshire B, Willis M (2004) Mechanisms of strain accumulation and damage development during creep of prestrained 316 stainless steels. Metall Mater Trans A 35:563–57110.1007/s11661-004-0367-2 ↗
14. Santisteban JR, Daymond MR, James JA, Edwards L (2006) ENGIN-X: a third-generation neutron strain scanner. J Appl Cryst 39:812–82510.1107/S0021889806042245 ↗
15. Chen B, Flewitt PEJ, Smith DJ (2010) Microstructural sensitivity of 316H austenitic stainless steel: residual stress relaxation and grain boundary fracture. Mater Sci Eng A 527:7387–739910.1016/j.msea.2010.08.010 ↗
16. Hutchings MT, Withers PJ, Holden TM, Lorentzen T (2005) Introduction to the characterisation of residual stress by neutron diffraction. Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton10.1201/9780203402818 ↗
17. Lutterotti L, Matthies S, Wenk HR (1999) MAUD (Material Analysis Using Diffraction): a user friendly Java program for Rietveld texture analysis and more. In: Proceeding of the twelfth international conference on textures of materials (ICOTOM-12), Vol. 1, NRC Research Press, Ottowa, Canada
18. Kockelmann W, Chapon LC, Radaelli PG (2006) Neutron texture analysis on GEM at ISIS. Phys B 385–386:639–64310.1016/j.physb.2006.06.091 ↗
19. Hutchinson JW (1976) Bounds and self-consistent estimates for creep of polycrystalline materials. Proc R Soc Lond A 348:101–12710.1098/rspa.1976.0027 ↗
20. Cocks ACF, Ponter ARS (1991) Constitutive equations for the plastic deformation of solids. II. A composite model. Eur J Mech 10:351–369
21. Wang H, Wu PD, Tome CN, Huang Y (2010) A finite strain elastic-viscoplastic self-consistent model for polycrystalline materials. J Mech Phys Solids 58:594–61210.1016/j.jmps.2010.01.004 ↗
22. Hu JN, Cocks ACF (2015) A multi-scale self-consistent model describing the lattice deformation in austenitic stainless steels. Int J Solids Struct (Under review)10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2015.09.021 ↗
23. Chen B, Flewitt PEJ, Cocks ACF, Smith DJ (2015) A review of the changes of internal state related to high temperature creep of polycrystalline metals and alloys. Int Mater Rev 60:1–2910.1179/1743280414Y.0000000041 ↗
24. Kroner E (1961) On the plastic deformation of polycrystals. Acta Metall Mater 9:155–16110.1016/0001-6160(61)90060-8 ↗
25. Budiansky B, Wu TT (1962) Theoretical prediction of plastic strains of polycrystals. In: Proceedings of the 4th congress of applied mechanics. pp. 1175–1185
26. Thermophysical properties of materials for nuclear engineering: a tutorial and collection of data (2008) International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria. http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/IAEA-THPH_web.pdf . Accessed 12 Dec 2014
27. Frost HJ, Ashby MF (1982) Deformation-mechanism maps. Pergamon, Exeter
28. Kassner ME, Hayes TA (2003) Creep cavitation in metals. Int J Plast 19:1715–174810.1016/S0749-6419(02)00111-0 ↗