journal article·2015-02

Bionanocomposite fibers based on cellulose and montmorillonite using ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate

Shaya Mahmoudian, Mat Uzir Wahit, A. F. Ismail, Harintharavimal Balakrishnan, Muhammad Imran

Journal of Materials Science· Volume 50· Issue 3
Publisher page

Abstract

Regenerated cellulose/montmorillonite (RC/MMT) nanocomposite fiber materials were prepared via wet spinning process using an environmentally friendly ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate. The nanocomposite fibers were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis, and tensile analysis. FT-IR analysis revealed the presence of cellulose II crystalline structure in RC/MMT nanocomposite fibers. Considerable improvements in thermal stability and char yield were observed in nanocomposite fibers compared to pure RC fibers. The T20 values of RC fibers improved by 10 °C from 301.8 to 311.9 °C with the incorporation of 6 wt% of MMT. In addition, the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of RC fibers also improved by 23 and 70 %, respectively with 6 wt% MMT. XRD and SEM results depicted good dispersion of MMT along with enhanced interactions between MMT and cellulose matrix.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Advanced Cellulose Research Studies · biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties · Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (67)

Show source-provided references
1. Klemm D, Philipp B, Heinze T, Heinze U, Wagenknecht W (1998) Comprehensive cellulose chemistry. Wiley-VCH, Germany10.1002/3527601937 ↗
2. Klemm D, Heublein B, Fink HP, Bohn A (2005) Cellulose: fascinating biopolymer and sustainable raw material. Angew Chem Int Ed 44:3358–339310.1002/anie.200460587 ↗
3. Huber T, Müssig J, Curnow O, Pang S, Bickerton S, Staiger MP (2012) A critical review of all-cellulose composites. J Mater Sci 47:1171–1186. doi: 10.1007/s10853-011-5774-310.1007/s10853-011-5774-3 ↗
4. Heinze T, Liebert T (2001) Unconventional methods in cellulose functionalization. Prog Polym Sci 26:1689–176210.1016/S0079-6700(01)00022-3 ↗
5. Bredereck K, Hermanutz F (2005) Man-made cellulosics. Rev Prog Color Relat Top 35:59–7510.1111/j.1478-4408.2005.tb00160.x ↗
6. Woodings C (2002) Cellulose fibers, regenerated. Encyclopedia of polymer science and technology. Wiley, Warwickshire, pp 532–569
7. Swatloski RP, Spear SK, Holbrey JD, Rogers RD (2002) Dissolution of cellose with ionic liquids. J Am Chem Soc 124:4974–497510.1021/ja025790m ↗
8. Rogers RD, Seddon KR (2003) Chemistry: ionic liquids–solvents of the future? Science 302:792–79310.1126/science.1090313 ↗
9. Heinze T, Schwikal K, Barthel S (2005) Ionic liquids as reaction medium in cellulose functionalization. Macromol Biosci 5:520–52510.1002/mabi.200500039 ↗
10. Olivier-Bourbigou H, Magna L, Morvan D (2009) Ionic liquids and catalysis: recent progress from knowledge to applications. Appl Catal A 373:1–5610.1016/j.apcata.2009.10.008 ↗
11. El Seoud OA, Koschella A, Fidale LC, Dorn S, Heinze T (2007) Applications of ionic liquids in carbohydrate chemistry: a window of opportunities. Biomacromolecules 8:2629–264710.1021/bm070062i ↗
12. Hermanutz F, Meister F, Uerdingen E (2006) New developments in the manufacture of cellulose fibers with ionic liquids. Chem Fibers Int 56:342–344
13. Zavrel M, Bross D, Funke M, Büchs J, Spiess AC (2009) High-throughput screening for ionic liquids dissolving (ligno-)cellulose. Bioresour Technol 100:2580–258710.1016/j.biortech.2008.11.052 ↗
14. Hermanutz F, Gähr F, Uerdingen E, Meister F, Kosan B (2008) New developments in dissolving and processing of cellulose in ionic liquids. Macromol Symp 262:23–2710.1002/masy.200850203 ↗
15. Du H, Qian X (2011) The effects of acetate anion on cellulose dissolution and reaction in imidazolium ionic liquids. Carbohydr Res 346:1985–199010.1016/j.carres.2011.05.022 ↗
16. Alexandre M, Dubois P (2000) Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites: preparation, properties and uses of a new class of materials. Mater Sci Eng R 28:1–6310.1016/S0927-796X(00)00012-7 ↗
17. Sinha RayS, Okamoto M (2003) Polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites: a review from preparation to processing. Prog Polym Sci 28:1539–164110.1016/j.progpolymsci.2003.08.002 ↗
18. Zanetti M (2006) Flammability and thermal stability of polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites. In: Mai YW, Yu ZZ (eds) Polymer Nanocomposites. Woodhead, Cambridge, pp 256–27210.1533/9781845691127.1.256 ↗
19. Kishimoto Y, Ito F, Usami H, Togawa E, Tsukada M, Morikawa H, Yamanaka S (2013) Nanocomposite of silk fibroin nanofiber and montmorillonite: fabrication and morphology. Int J Biol Macromol 57:124–12810.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.03.016 ↗
20. Park JH, Park SM, Kim YH, Oh W, Lee GW, Karim MR, Park JH, Yeum JH (2013) Effect of montmorillonite on wettability and microstructure properties of zein/montmorillonite nanocomposite nanofiber mats. J Compos Mater 47:251–25710.1177/0021998312439221 ↗
21. Chivrac F, Pollet E, Avérous L (2009) Progress in nano-biocomposites based on polysaccharides and nanoclays. Mater Sci Eng R 67:1–1710.1016/j.mser.2009.09.002 ↗
22. Zhang H, Wang ZG, Zhang ZN, Wu J, Zhang J, He JS (2007) Regenerated-cellulose/multiwalled-carbon-nanotube composite fibers with enhanced mechanical properties prepared with the ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride. Adv Mater 19:698–70410.1002/adma.200600442 ↗
23. Song H-Z, Luo Z-Q, Wang C-Z, Hao X-F, Gao J-G (2013) Preparation and characterization of bionanocomposite fiber based on cellulose and nano-SiO2 using ionic liquid. Carbohydr Polym 98:161–16710.1016/j.carbpol.2013.05.079 ↗
24. Mahmoudian S, Wahit MU, Ismail AF, Yussuf AA (2012) Preparation of regenerated cellulose/montmorillonite nanocomposite films via ionic liquids. Carbohydr Polym 88:1251–125710.1016/j.carbpol.2012.01.088 ↗
25. Carrillo F, Colom X, Suñol JJ, Saurina J (2004) Structural FTIR analysis and thermal characterisation of lyocell and viscose-type fibres. Eur Polym J 40:2229–223410.1016/j.eurpolymj.2004.05.003 ↗
26. Higgins HG, Stewart CM, Harrington KJ (1961) Infrared spectra of cellulose and related polysaccharides. J Polym Sci 51:59–8410.1002/pol.1961.1205115505 ↗
27. Xu F, Yu J, Tesso T, Dowell F, Wang D (2013) Qualitative and quantitative analysis of lignocellulosic biomass using infrared techniques: a mini-review. Appl Energy 104:801–80910.1016/j.apenergy.2012.12.019 ↗
28. Chen HZ, Wang N, Liu LY (2012) Regenerated cellulose membrane prepared with ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride as solvent using wheat straw. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 87:1634–164010.1002/jctb.3802 ↗
29. Remsing RC, Swatloski RP, Rogers RD, Moyna G (2006) Mechanism of cellulose dissolution in the ionic liquid 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride: a 13C and 35/37Cl NMR relaxation study on model systems. Chem Commun 12:1271–127310.1039/b600586c ↗
30. Moulthrop JS, Swatloski RP, Moyna G, Rogers RD (2005) High-resolution 13C NMR studies of cellulose and cellulose oligomers in ionic liquid solutions. Chem Commun 12:1557–155910.1039/b417745b ↗
31. Zhang J, Zhang H, Wu J, Zhang J, He J, Xiang J (2010) NMR spectroscopic studies of cellobiose solvation in EmimAc aimed to understand the dissolution mechanism of cellulose in ionic liquids. PCCP 12:1941–194710.1039/b920446f ↗
32. Schwanninger M, Rodrigues JC, Pereira H, Hinterstoisser B (2004) Effects of short-time vibratory ball milling on the shape of FT-IR spectra of wood and cellulose. Vib Spectrosc 36:23–4010.1016/j.vibspec.2004.02.003 ↗
33. Edwards HGM, Farwell DW, Williams AC (1994) FT-Raman spectrum of cotton: a polymeric biomolecular analysis. Spectrochim Acta A 50:807–81110.1016/0584-8539(94)80016-2 ↗
34. Yuan P, Southon PD, Liu Z, Green MER, Hook JM, Antill SJ, Kepert CJ (2008) Functionalization of halloysite clay nanotubes by grafting with γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. J Phys Chem 112:15742–1575110.1021/jp805039u ↗
35. Mellini M, Fuchs Y, Cecilia V, Lemaire C, Linares J (2002) Insights into the antigorite structure from Mössbauer and FTIR spectroscopies. Eur J Mineral 14:97–10410.1127/0935-1221/2002/0014-0097 ↗
36. Čapková P, Pospíšil M, Valášková M, Měřínská D, Trchová M, Sedláková Z, Weiss Z, Šimoník J (2006) Structure of montmorillonite cointercalated with stearic acid and octadecylamine: modeling, diffraction, IR spectroscopy. J Colloid Interface Sci 300:264–26910.1016/j.jcis.2006.03.033 ↗
37. Choy J-H, Kwak S-Y, Han Y-S, Kim B-W (1997) New organo-montmorillonite complexes with hydrophobic and hydrophilic functions. Mater Lett 33:143–14710.1016/S0167-577X(97)00092-X ↗
38. Doğan H, Inan TY, Koral M, Kaya M (2011) Organo-montmorillonites and sulfonated PEEK nanocomposite membranes for fuel cell applications. Appl Clay Sci 52:285–29410.1016/j.clay.2011.03.007 ↗
39. Chow WS, Mohd Ishak ZA, Karger-Kocsis J, Apostolov AA, Ishiaku US (2003) Compatibilizing effect of maleated polypropylene on the mechanical properties and morphology of injection molded polyamide 6/polypropylene/organoclay nanocomposites. Polymer 44:7427–744010.1016/j.polymer.2003.09.006 ↗
40. Wahit MU, Hassan A, Rahmat AR, Lim JW, Ishak Z (2006) Effect of organoclay and ethylene–octene copolymer inclusion on the morphology and mechanical properties of polyamide/polypropylene blends. J Reinf Plast Compos 25:933–95510.1177/0731684406063529 ↗
41. Balakrishnan H, Hassan A, Imran M, Wahit M (2011) Aging of toughened polylactic acid nanocomposites: water absorption, hygrothermal degradation and soil burial analysis. J Polym Environ 19:863–87510.1007/s10924-011-0338-9 ↗
42. Balakrishnan H, Attaran SA, Imran M, Hassan A, Wahit MU (2012) Epoxidized natural rubber–toughened polypropylene/organically modified montmorillonite nanocomposites. J Thermoplast Compos Mater 27:233–25010.1177/0892705712443252 ↗
43. Ambrogi V, Silvestre MG, Vito F, Carfagna C, Errico ME, Mancarella C (2005) Nanocomposites based on liquid crystalline resins. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 429:1–2010.1080/15421400590930610 ↗
44. Xu WB, Bao SP, He PS (2002) Intercalation and exfoliation behavior of epoxy resin/curing agent/montmorillonite nanocomposite. J Appl Polym Sci 84:842–84910.1002/app.10354 ↗
45. Cerruti P, Ambrogi V, Postiglione A, Rychlý J, Matisova-Rychlá L, Carfagna C (2008) Morphological and thermal properties of cellulose/montmorillonite nanocomposites. Biomacromolecules 9:3004–301310.1021/bm8002946 ↗
46. Chen X, Burger C, Fang D, Ruan D, Zhang L, Hsiao BS, Chu B (2006) X-ray studies of regenerated cellulose fibers wet spun from cotton linter pulp in NaOH/thiourea aqueous solutions. Polymer 47:2839–284810.1016/j.polymer.2006.02.044 ↗
47. Ruan D, Zhang L, Lue A, Zhou J, Chen H, Chen X, Chu B, Kondo T (2006) A rapid process for producing cellulose multi-filament fibers from a NaOH/thiourea solvent system. Macromol Rapid Commun 27:1495–150010.1002/marc.200600232 ↗
48. Han J, Zhou C, French AD, Han G, Wu Q (2013) Characterization of cellulose II nanoparticles regenerated from 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride. Carbohydr Polym 94:773–78110.1016/j.carbpol.2013.02.003 ↗
49. Zadegan S, Hosainalipour M, Rezaie HR, Ghassai H, Shokrgozar MA (2011) Synthesis and biocompatibility evaluation of cellulose/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite scaffold in 1-n-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride. Mater Sci Eng C 31:954–96110.1016/j.msec.2011.02.021 ↗
50. Yamane C, Mori M, Saito M, Okajima K (1996) Structures and mechanical properties of cellulose filament spun from cellulose/aqueous NaOH solution system. Polym J 28:1039–104710.1295/polymj.28.1039 ↗
51. Yang G, Zhang L, Feng H (1999) Role of polyethylene glycol in formation and structure of regenerated cellulose microporous membrane. J Membr Sci 161:31–4010.1016/S0376-7388(99)00095-2 ↗
52. Kolpak F, Blackwell J (1976) Determination of the structure of cellulose II. Macromolecules 9:273–27810.1021/ma60050a019 ↗
53. Li R, Zhang L, Xu M (2011) Novel regenerated cellulose films prepared by coagulating with water: structure and properties. Carbohydr Polym 87:95–10010.1016/j.carbpol.2011.07.023 ↗
54. Liu S, Zhang L (2009) Effects of polymer concentration and coagulation temperature on the properties of regenerated cellulose films prepared from LiOH/urea solution. Cellulose 16:189–19810.1007/s10570-008-9268-7 ↗
55. Liang S, Zhang L, Li Y, Xu J (2007) Fabrication and properties of cellulose hydrated membrane with unique structure. Macromol Chem Phys 208:594–60210.1002/macp.200600579 ↗
56. Kim J, Yun S, Ounaies Z (2006) Discovery of cellulose as a smart material. Macromolecules 39:4202–420610.1021/ma060261e ↗
57. Han D, Yan L, Chen W, Li W, Bangal PR (2011) Cellulose/graphite oxide composite films with improved mechanical properties over a wide range of temperature. Carbohydr Polym 83:966–97210.1016/j.carbpol.2010.09.006 ↗
58. Lee J, Sun Q, Deng Y (2008) Nanocomposites from regenerated cellulose and nanoclay. J Biobased Mater Bioenergy 2:162–16810.1166/jbmb.2008.307 ↗
59. Peng S, Shao H, Hu X (2003) Lyocell fibers as the precursor of carbon fibers. J Appl Polym Sci 90:1941–194710.1002/app.12879 ↗
60. Wu Q, Pan D (2002) A new cellulose based carbon fiber from a lyocell precursor. Text Res J 72:405–41010.1177/004051750207200506 ↗
61. Dumanlı A, Windle A (2012) Carbon fibres from cellulosic precursors: a review. J Mater Sci 47:4236–4250. doi: 10.1007/s10853-011-6081-810.1007/s10853-011-6081-8 ↗
62. Chang JH, Kim SJ (2004) Polyester nanocomposite fibers: comparison of their properties with poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly(trimethylene terephthalate). Polym Bull 52:289–29610.1007/s00289-004-0287-8 ↗
63. Zhang H, Guo L, Shao H, Hu X (2006) Nano-carbon black filled lyocell fiber as a precursor for carbon fiber. J Appl Polym Sci 99:65–7410.1002/app.22184 ↗
64. Pavlidou S, Papaspyrides CD (2008) A review on polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites. Prog Polym Sci 33:1119–119810.1016/j.progpolymsci.2008.07.008 ↗
65. Guan G-H, Li C-C, Zhang D (2005) Spinning and properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/organomontmorillonite nanocomposite fibers. J Appl Polym Sci 95:1443–144710.1002/app.21387 ↗
66. Yoon K, Polk MB, Min BG, Schiraldi DA (2004) Structure and property study of nylon-6/clay nanocomposite fiber. Polym Int 53:2072–207810.1002/pi.1630 ↗
67. Chang J-H, Kim SJ, Im S (2004) Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) nanocomposite fibers by in situ intercalation polymerization: thermo-mechanical properties and morphology. Polymer 45:5171–518110.1016/j.polymer.2004.05.012 ↗