journal article·2021-06

Thermodynamic description and simulation of solidification microstructures in the Cu–Mg–Zn system

Liya Dreval, Yinping Zeng, Oleksandr Dovbenko, Yong Du, Shuhong Liu, Biao Hu, Huaqing Zhang

Journal of Materials Science· Volume 56· Issue 17
Publisher page

Abstract

The Cu–Mg–Zn system is one of the important ternary sub-systems in multicomponent light alloys. This ternary system was reassessed in the framework of the CALPHAD method in view of the drawbacks of previous thermodynamic assessments. A critical review of the literature data on phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties has been performed. An updated thermodynamic description for the ternary system is obtained by considering the available literature data. Isothermal and vertical sections, as well as the liquidus surface and the related invariant reactions, are calculated and compared with the corresponding experimental ones. The reaction scheme for the whole ternary system is also presented. The solidification microstructures of several Cu–Mg–Zn alloys along the Mg–Cu0.5Zn0.5 and Mg–Cu0.385Zn0.615 sections were simulated under equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions. The calculated solidification microstructures do not contradict the experimental ones presented in the literature. This indicates the reliability of the thermodynamic parameters.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Aluminum Alloy Microstructure Properties · Solidification and crystal growth phenomena · Thermodynamic and Structural Properties of Metals and Alloys

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (39)

Show source-provided references
1. Luo A, Pekguleryuz MO (1994) Cast magnesium alloys for elevated temperature applications. J Mater Sci 29:5259–5271. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF0117153410.1007/BF01171534 ↗
2. Golmakaniyoon S, Mahmudi R (2011) Microstructure and creep behavior of the rare-earth doped Mg–6Zn–3Cu cast alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 528:1668–1677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2010.10.09510.1016/j.msea.2010.10.095 ↗
3. Köster W, Müller F (1948) The ternary copper-zinc-magnesium system. Z Metallkd 39:352–359
4. V.I. Mikheeva, O.N. Kryukova, Melting diagram of the system Cu-Mg-Zn, Izv. Sekt. Fiz.-Khim. Anal., Akad. Nauk. SSSR 20, 76–93 (1950)
5. Lieser KH, Witte H (1952) Investigation on ternary systems of Mg-Cu-Zn, Mg-Ni-Zn, and Mg-Cu-Ni. Z Metallkd 43:396–401
6. Watanabe H (1960) On the Zn-side diagram of the quaternary system Zn-Al-Mg-Cu. J Japan Inst Metals 24:672–676. https://doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.24.10_67210.2320/jinstmet1952.24.10_672 ↗
7. Yamada M, Matuki K (1972) A study of the Zn-rich corner of the Zn-Cu-Mg phase diagram. J Japan Inst Metals 36:278–28510.2320/jinstmet1952.36.3_278 ↗
8. Gladyshevsky EI, Cherkashin E (1956) Solid solutions based on metallic compounds. Zh Neorg Khim 1:1394–1401
9. King R, Kleppa O (1964) A thermochemical study of some selected Laves phases. Acta Metall 12:87–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160(64)90056-210.1016/0001-6160(64)90056-2 ↗
10. Predel B, Ruge H (1972) Study of the enthalpies of formation in the Mg-Cu-Zn, Mg-Cu-Al and Mg-Cu-Sn systems as a contribution to clarifying the relationships in Laves phases. Mater Sci Eng 9:141–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-5416(72)90026-210.1016/0025-5416(72)90026-2 ↗
11. Predel B, Bencker H, Vogelbein W, Ellner M (1979) Enthalpies of formation of ternary Laves phases of MgCu2-type in the MgCu2-MgZn2 system. J Solid State Chem 28:245–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4596(79)90076-810.1016/0022-4596(79)90076-8 ↗
12. Liang H, Chang YA (1997) A thermodynamic description for the ternary Cu-Mg-Zn system. Z Metallkd 88:836–841
13. Liang P, Seifert HJ, Lukas HL, Ghosh G, Effenberg G, Aldinger F (1998) Thermodynamic modelling of the Cu-Mg-Zn ternary system. Calphad 22:527–544. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0364-5916(99)00009-710.1016/S0364-5916(99)00009-7 ↗
14. Miettinen J (2008) Thermodynamic description of Cu–Mg–Ni and Cu–Mg–Zn systems. Calphad 32:389–398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.00510.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.005 ↗
15. Kowalski M, Spencer PJ (1993) Thermodynamic reevaluation of the Cu-Zn system. J Phase Equilib 14:432–438. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF0267196110.1007/BF02671961 ↗
16. Wang J, Xu H, Shang S, Zhang L, Du Y, Zhang W, Liu S, Wang P, Liu Z-K (2011) Experimental investigation and thermodynamic modeling of the Cu–Si–Zn system with the refined description for the Cu–Zn system. Calphad 35:191–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2011.02.00110.1016/j.calphad.2011.02.001 ↗
17. Liang S-M, Hsiao H-M, Schmid-Fetzer R (2015) Thermodynamic assessment of the Al–Cu–Zn system, part I: Cu–Zn binary system. Calphad 51:224–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2015.09.01010.1016/j.calphad.2015.09.010 ↗
18. Schmid-Fetzer R, Hallstedt B (2012) Is zinc HCP_ZN or HCP_A3? Calphad 37:34–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2012.01.00610.1016/j.calphad.2012.01.006 ↗
19. Liang S-M, Schmid-Fetzer R (2016) Thermodynamic assessment of the Al–Cu–Zn system, Part III: Al–Cu–Zn ternary system. Calphad 52:21–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2015.11.00110.1016/j.calphad.2015.11.001 ↗
20. Du Y, Liu S, Zhang L, Xu H, Zhao D, Wang A, Zhou L (2011) An overview on phase equilibria and thermodynamic modeling in multicomponent Al alloys: focusing on the Al–Cu–Fe–Mg–Mn–Ni–Si–Zn system. Calphad 35:427–445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2011.06.00710.1016/j.calphad.2011.06.007 ↗
21. Gröbner J, Rokhlin LL, Dobatkina TV, Schmid-Fetzer R (2007) Predictive calculation of phase formation in Al-rich Al–Zn–Mg–Cu–Sc–Zr alloys using a thermodynamic Mg-alloy database. J Alloys Comp 433:108–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.06.03210.1016/j.jallcom.2006.06.032 ↗
22. Liu XJ, Ohnuma I, Wang CP, Jiang M, Kainuma R, Ishida K, Ode M, Koyama T, Onodera H, Suzuki T (2003) Thermodynamic database on microsolders and copper-based alloy systems. J Electron Mater 32:1265–1272. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-003-0021-610.1007/s11664-003-0021-6 ↗
23. Coughanowr C, Ansara I, Luoma R, Hamalainen M, Lukas HL (1991) Assessment of the Cu-Mg system. Z Metallkd 82:574–581
24. Agarwal R, Fries SG, Lukas HL, Petzow G, Sommer F, Chart TG, Effenberg G (1992) Assessment of the Mg-Zn system. Z Metallkd 83:216–223
25. Chang YA, Neumann JP, Mikula A, Goldberg D (1979) INCRA monograph series 6 phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties of ternary copper-metal systems: Cu-Mg-Zn. NSRD, Washington
26. H. Lukas, P. Rogl, G. Ghosh, G. Effenberg, Cu-Mg-Zn ternary phase diagram evaluation, in MSI Eureka, Effenberg, G. (Ed.) (MSI, Materials Science International Services GmbH, Stuttgart, 2004) http://www.msi-eureka.com/full-html/10.17481.3.7/Cu-Mg-Zn_Ternary_Phase_Diagram_Evaluation/10.7121/msi-eureka-10.12201.1.9 ↗
27. A.T. Dinsdale, SGTE Unary Database Version 5.0, www.sgte.org
28. Redlich O, Kister AT (1948) Algebraic representation of thermodynamic properties and the classification of solutions. Ind Eng Chem 40:345–348. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50458a03610.1021/ie50458a036 ↗
29. Muggianu YM, Gambino M, Bros JP (1975) Enthalpies of formation of liquid alloys bismuth–gallium–tin at 723 K Choice of an analytical representation of integral and partial excess functions of mixing. J. Chim. Phys. 72:83–8810.1051/jcp/1975720083 ↗
30. Hillert M, Staffansson LI (1970) Regular-solution model for stoichiometric phases and ionic melts. Acta Chem Scand 24:3618–362610.3891/acta.chem.scand.24-3618 ↗
31. Sundman B, Ågren J (1981) A regular solution model for phases with several components and sublattices, suitable for computer applications. J Phys Chem Solids 42:297–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3697(81)90144-X10.1016/0022-3697(81)90144-X ↗
32. Hillert M, Jarl M (1978) A model for alloying in ferromagnetic metals. Calphad 2:227–238. https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916(78)90011-110.1016/0364-5916(78)90011-1 ↗
33. Ansara I, Dupin N, Sundman B (1997) Reply to the paper: “When is a compound energy not a compound energy? a critique of the 2-sublattice order/disorder model.” Calphad 21:535–542. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0364-5916(98)00010-810.1016/S0364-5916(98)00010-8 ↗
34. Dupin N, Sundman B (2001) A thermodynamic database for Ni-base superalloys. Scand J Metall 30:184–192. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0692.2001.300309.x10.1034/j.1600-0692.2001.300309.x ↗
35. Sundman B, Jansson B, Andersson J-O (1985) The thermo-calc databank system. Calphad 9:153–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916(85)90021-510.1016/0364-5916(85)90021-5 ↗
36. Du Y, Chang YA, Liu S, Huang B, Xie F-Y, Yang Y, Chen S-L (2005) Thermodynamic description of the Al–Fe–Mg–Mn–Si system and investigation of microstructure and microsegregation during directional solidification of an Al–Fe–Mg–Mn–Si alloy. Z Metallkd 96:1351–1362. https://doi.org/10.3139/146.10118510.3139/146.101185 ↗
37. Jansson B, Schalin M, Sundman B (1993) Thermodynamic calculations made easy. J Phase Equilib 14:557–562. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF0266913410.1007/BF02669134 ↗
38. Chen SL, Daniel S, Zhang F, Chang YA, Oates WA, Schmid-Fetzer R (2001) On the calculation of multicomponent stable phase diagrams. J Phase Equilib 22:373–378. https://doi.org/10.1361/10549710177033291010.1361/105497101770332910 ↗
39. Chen S-L, Daniel S, Zhang F, Chang YA, Yan X-Y, Xie F-Y, Schmid-Fetzer R, Oates WA (2002) The PANDAT software package and its applications. Calphad 26:175–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0364-5916(02)00034-210.1016/S0364-5916(02)00034-2 ↗