Phase structure evolution and chemical durability studies of Gd1−xYbxPO4 ceramics for immobilization of minor actinides
Source abstract
Abstract
Rare earth phosphates (REPO4) are considered as promising materials to immobilize the high-level radioactive waste. In the paper, Gd1−xYbxPO4 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0) series were prepared via the solid-state reaction using Gd as the surrogate for minor actinide Am and Cm, and the structure, phase transformation and morphology were characterized by XRD, Raman, TEM and SEM. With the calcination temperature ranging from 1200 to 1500 °C, the coexisted phases of monazite- and xenotime-type structure are observed in Gd0.9Yb0.1PO4. The monophasic xenotime-type Gd0.9Yb0.1PO4 is obtained at 1600 °C. The monazite → xenotime transformation of Gd1−xYbxPO4 depends on the substitution of Gd3+ by Yb3+ ions. With the decrease in Gd3+ content, the gradual changes of FWHM and the hypsochromic shift of P-O symmetrical stretching vibration (Vs) are observed in the Raman spectra, indicating that the distortion of PO4 tetrahedra occurs during the phase transformation process. The chemical durability test is measured by the ASTM product consistency test leaching method, and the normalized mass loss (NLGd) of Gd and (NLYb) of Yb is extremely low and shown in the order of 10−6–10−7 g/m2 for all the ceramics.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Nuclear materials and radiation effects · Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials · Nuclear Materials and Properties
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (50)
Show source-provided references
1. Donald IW, Metcalfe BL, Taylor RNJ (1997) The immobilization of high level radioactive wastes using ceramics and glasses. J Mater Sci 32:5851–5887. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:101864650743810.1023/A:1018646507438 ↗
2. Kaushik CP, Mishra RK, Sengupta P et al (2006) Barium borosilicate glass—a potential matrix for immobilization of sulfate bearing high-level radioactive liquid waste. J Nucl Mater 358:129–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2006.07.00410.1016/j.jnucmat.2006.07.004 ↗
3. Ojovan MI, Lee WE (2010) Glassy wasteforms for nuclear waste immobilization. Metall Mater Trans A 42:837–851. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-010-0525-710.1007/s11661-010-0525-7 ↗
4. Bregiroux D, Terra O, Audubert F et al (2007) Solid-state synthesis of monazite-type compounds containing tetravalent elements. Inorg Chem 46:10372–10382. https://doi.org/10.1021/ic701212310.1021/ic7012123 ↗
5. Campayo L, Audubert F, Lartigue J-E et al (2008) Study of a phosphate-based material with rhabdophane structure for caesium immobilization: synthesis, sintering and leaching behaviour. J Nucl Mater 374:101–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.07.01910.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.07.019 ↗
6. Dacheux N, Thomas AC, Brandel V, Genet M (1998) Investigation of the system ThO2–NpO2–P2O5. Solid solutions of thorium–neptunium (IV) phosphate–diphosphate. J Nucl Mater 257:108–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3115(98)00443-710.1016/S0022-3115(98)00443-7 ↗
7. Ma QY, Traina SJ, Logan TJ, Ryan JA (1993) In situ lead immobilization by apatite. Environ Sci Technol 27:1803–1810. https://doi.org/10.1021/es00046a00710.1021/es00046a007 ↗
8. Terra O, Dacheux N, Audubert F, Podor R (2006) Immobilization of tetravalent actinides in phosphate ceramics. J Nucl Mater 352:224–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2006.02.05810.1016/j.jnucmat.2006.02.058 ↗
9. Terra O, Clavier N, Dacheux N, Podor R (2003) Preparation and characterization of lanthanum–gadolinium monazites as ceramics for radioactive waste storage. New J Chem 27:957–967. https://doi.org/10.1039/B212805P10.1039/B212805P ↗
10. Asuvathraman R, Kutty KVG (2014) Thermal expansion behaviour of a versatile monazite phase with simulated HLW: a high temperature x-ray diffraction study. Thermochim Acta 581:54–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2014.02.00910.1016/j.tca.2014.02.009 ↗
11. Kumar SP, Gopal B (2015) Simulated monazite crystalline wasteform La0.4Nd0.1Y0.1Gd0.1Sm0.1Ce0.1Ca0.1(P0.9Mo0.1O4): synthesis, phase stability and chemical durability study. J Nucl Mater 458:224–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.12.08110.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.12.081 ↗
12. Sadri F, Nazari AM, Ghahreman A (2017) A review on the cracking, baking and leaching processes of rare earth element concentrates. J Rare Earths 35:739–752. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0721(17)60971-210.1016/S1002-0721(17)60971-2 ↗
13. Get’man EI, Radio SV (2017) Mixing energies (interaction parameters) and decomposition temperatures in solid solutions of monazites of rare earth elements with structure La1–xLnxPO4. Inorg Mater 53:718–721. https://doi.org/10.1134/S002016851707004410.1134/S0020168517070044 ↗
14. Arinicheva Y, Bukaemskiy A, Neumeier S et al (2014) Studies on thermal and mechanical properties of monazite-type ceramics for the conditioning of minor actinides. Prog Nucl Energy 72:144–148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnucene.2013.09.00410.1016/j.pnucene.2013.09.004 ↗
15. Boatner LA (2002) Synthesis, structure, and properties of monazite, pretulite, and xenotime. Rev Mineral Geochem 48:87–121. https://doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2002.48.410.2138/rmg.2002.48.4 ↗
16. Arinicheva Y, Popa K, Scheinost AC et al (2017) Structural investigations of (La, Pu)PO4 monazite solid solutions: XRD and XAFS study. J Nucl Mater 493:404–411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2017.06.03410.1016/j.jnucmat.2017.06.034 ↗
17. Qin D, Mesbah A, Gausse C et al (2017) Incorporation of thorium in the rhabdophane structure: synthesis and characterization of Pr1−2xCaxThxPO4·nH2O solid solutions. J Nucl Mater 492:88–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2017.05.01910.1016/j.jnucmat.2017.05.019 ↗
18. Mesbah A, Clavier N, Lozano-Rodriguez MJ et al (2016) Incorporation of thorium in the zircon structure type through the Th1–xErx(SiO4)1–x(PO4)x thorite-xenotime solid solution. Inorg Chem 55:11273–11282. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b0186210.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01862 ↗
19. Hay RS, Mogilevsky P, Boakye E (2013) Phase transformations in xenotime rare-earth orthophosphates. Acta Mater 61:6933–6947. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2013.08.00510.1016/j.actamat.2013.08.005 ↗
20. Shannon RD (1976) Revised effective ionic-radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halides and chalcogenides. Acta Crystallogr Sect A 32:751–76710.1107/S0567739476001551 ↗
21. Yang H, Teng Y, Ren X et al (2014) Synthesis and crystalline phase of monazite-type Ce1−xGdxPO4 solid solutions for immobilization of minor actinide curium. J Nucl Mater 444:39–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.09.01010.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.09.010 ↗
22. Xue D, Sun C, Chen X (2017) Hybridization: a chemical bonding nature of atoms. Chin J Chem 35:1452–1458. https://doi.org/10.1002/cjoc.20170042510.1002/cjoc.201700425 ↗
23. Xue D, Sun C, Chen X (2017) Hybridized valence electrons of 4f0−145d0−16 s2: the chemical bonding nature of rare earth elements. J Rare Earths 35:837–843. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0721(17)60984-010.1016/S1002-0721(17)60984-0 ↗
24. Xue D, Sun C (2017) 4f chemistry towards rare earth materials science and engineering. Sci China Technol Sci 60:1767–1768. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-017-9112-110.1007/s11431-017-9112-1 ↗
25. Hay RS, Mogilevsky P, Boakye E (2013) Phase transformations in xenotime rare-earth orthophosphates. Acta Mater 61:6933–6947. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2013.08.00510.1016/j.actamat.2013.08.005 ↗
26. Ushakov SV, Helean KB, Navrotsky A, Boatner LA (2001) Thermochemistry of rare-earth orthophosphates. J Mater Res 16:2623–2633. https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.2001.036110.1557/JMR.2001.0361 ↗
27. ASTM (2014) Standard test methods for determining chemical durability of nuclear, hazardous, and mixed waste glasses and multiphase glass ceramics: the product consistency test (PCT). https://doi.org/10.1520/c1285-1410.1520/c1285-14 ↗
28. Meng C, Ding X, Zhao J et al (2016) Phase evolution and microstructural studies of Gd1−xYbxPO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) ceramics for radioactive waste storage. J Eur Ceram Soc 36:773–779. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2015.10.04510.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2015.10.045 ↗
29. Li K, Xue D (2006) Estimation of electronegativity values of elements in different valence states. J Phys Chem A 110:11332–11337. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp062886k10.1021/jp062886k ↗
30. Li K, Kang C, Xue D (2013) Effect of electrostatic and size on dopant occupancy in lithium niobate single crystal. Inorg Chem 52:10206–10210. https://doi.org/10.1021/ic401805x10.1021/ic401805x ↗
31. Begun GM, Beall GW, Boatner LA, Gregor WJ (1981) Raman spectra of the rare earth orthophosphates. J Raman Spectrosc 11:273–278. https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.125011041110.1002/jrs.1250110411 ↗
32. Ruschel K, Nasdala L, Kronz A et al (2012) A Raman spectroscopic study on the structural disorder of monazite–(Ce). Mineral Petrol 105:41–55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00710-012-0197-710.1007/s00710-012-0197-7 ↗
33. Giarola M, Sanson A, Rahman A et al (2011) Vibrational dynamics of YPO4 and ScPO4 single crystals: an integrated study by polarized Raman spectroscopy and first-principles calculations. Phys Rev B 83:224302. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.83.22430210.1103/PhysRevB.83.224302 ↗
34. Silva EN, Ayala AP, Guedes I et al (2006) Vibrational spectra of monazite-type rare-earth orthophosphates. Opt Mater 29:224–230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2005.09.00110.1016/j.optmat.2005.09.001 ↗
35. Wang X, Teng Y, Huang Y et al (2014) Synthesis and structure of Ce1−xEuxPO4 solid solutions for minor actinides immobilization. J Nucl Mater 451:147–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.03.04910.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.03.049 ↗
36. Andrehs G, Heinrich W (1998) Experimental determination of REE distributions between monazite and xenotime: potential for temperature-calibrated geochronology. Chem Geol 149:83–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(98)00039-410.1016/S0009-2541(98)00039-4 ↗
37. Cai X, Teng Y, Wu L et al (2016) The synthesis and chemical durability of Nd-doped single-phase zirconolite solid solutions. J Nucl Mater 479:455–460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.07.04210.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.07.042 ↗
38. Horlait D, Claparede L, Tocino F et al (2014) Environmental SEM monitoring of Ce1−xLnxO2−x/2 mixed-oxide microstructural evolution during dissolution. J Mater Chem A 2:5193–5203. https://doi.org/10.1039/C3TA14623E10.1039/C3TA14623E ↗
39. Malviya R, Chaudhary R (2006) Leaching behavior and immobilization of heavy metals in solidified/stabilized products. J Hazard Mater 137:207–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.01.05610.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.01.056 ↗
40. Fillet C, Advocat T, Bart F et al (2004) Titanate-based ceramics for separated long-lived radionuclides. Comptes Rendus Chim 7:1165–1172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crci.2004.02.01810.1016/j.crci.2004.02.018 ↗
41. Roessler JG, Townsend TG, Ferraro CC (2015) Use of leaching tests to quantify trace element release from waste to energy bottom ash amended pavements. J Hazard Mater 300:830–837. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.08.02810.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.08.028 ↗
42. Kolonin GR, Shironosova GP (2008) Thermodynamic model of REE leaching from monazite by hydrothermal fluids. Dokl Earth Sci 423:1396–1399. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1028334X0809015810.1134/S1028334X08090158 ↗
43. Frugier P, Gin S, Minet Y et al (2008) SON68 nuclear glass dissolution kinetics: current state of knowledge and basis of the new GRAAL model. J Nucl Mater 380:8–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2008.06.04410.1016/j.jnucmat.2008.06.044 ↗
44. Costa G, Polettini A, Pomi R, Stramazzo A (2016) Leaching modelling of slurry-phase carbonated steel slag. J Hazard Mater 302:415–425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.10.00510.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.10.005 ↗
45. Claparede L, Guigue M, Jouan G et al (2017) Long-term behavior of refractory thorium-plutonium dioxide solid solutions. J Nucl Mater 483:158–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.11.00710.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.11.007 ↗
46. Danelska A, Ulkowska U, Socha RP, Szafran M (2013) Surface properties of nanozirconia and their effect on its rheological behaviour and sinterability. J Eur Ceram Soc 33:1875–1883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2013.01.01910.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2013.01.019 ↗
47. Fillet C, Advocat T, Bart F et al (2004) Titanate-based ceramics for separated long-lived radionuclides. Comptes Rendus Chim 7:1165–1172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crci.2004.02.01810.1016/j.crci.2004.02.018 ↗
48. Tang Y, Shih K (2015) Mechanisms of zinc incorporation in aluminosilicate crystalline structures and the leaching behaviour of product phases. Environ Technol 36:2977–2986. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2014.98271510.1080/09593330.2014.982715 ↗
49. Zhang L, Lüttge A (2009) Theoretical approach to evaluating plagioclase dissolution mechanisms. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 73:2832–2849. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.02.02110.1016/j.gca.2009.02.021 ↗
50. Kamel N, Remil K, Arabi M et al (2010) Effect of the synthesis method on the properties of a Pb-bearing (Y–Gd–Ce) rare-earth phosphate used for the confinement of high-level radioactive waste. J Nucl Mater 401:104–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.04.00510.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.04.005 ↗