journal article·2023-05-23Open access

Thermal Annealing Driven Enhancement of Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy and the Interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya Interaction in Ultrathin Ru/Co/W/Ru Films

Aleksei Yu. Samardak, Alexander Kolesnikov, Maksim E. Stebliy, Andrey V. Gerasimenko, Alexandr V. Sadovnikov, Sergei A. Nikitov, Anastasiia A. Pervishko, Dmitry Yudin, Alexey V. Ognev, Oleg A. Tretiakov, Caihua Wan, Xiu-Feng Han, Alexander S. Samardak

Abstract

Spin-related effects discovered in ultrathin magnetic films generally have an interfacial nature. The quality of interfaces between a heavy metal and a ferromagnet is the main driver of surface anisotropy, antisymmetric exchange, chiral damping, spin Hall effect, and spin–orbit torques. To understand the physics and usage of these phenomena for future atomic-scale devices, one has to study systems with disordered interfaces and search there for novel practically desirable effects, which lie beyond the atomic order and surface flatness. Here, we report the interface-related effects in Ru/Co/W/Ru ultrathin films treated by thermal annealing in vacuum. The surface roughness and degree of atomic intermixing at Ru/Co and Co/W interfaces change with increasing annealing temperature up to 240 °C, promoting an enhancement of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (i-DMI). Further annealing at higher temperatures brings the interface deterioration and, consequently, a drastic degradation of the magnetic properties. Our first-principles calculations qualitatively support the experimental findings, providing an understanding of the i-DMI enhancement nature.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Magnetic properties of thin films · Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials · ZnO doping and properties

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Laboratory of Spin−Orbitronics, Institute of High Technologies and Advanced Materials, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690950, Russia

Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia

Laboratory “Metamaterials”, Saratov State University, Saratov 410012, Russia

Kotel’nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125009, Russia

Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 121205, Russia

School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia

Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

Funding

Russian Science Foundation · Australian Research Council · Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation · National Natural Science Foundation of China · Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University · Russian Federation President Scholarship for Young Scientists · NCMAS grant

References (70)

Show source-provided references
1. 10.1103/RevModPhys.89.02500610.1103/RevModPhys.89.025006 ↗
2. Manchon A. · 2017 · 68 · 1
3. 10.1016/j.jmmm.2020.16671110.1016/j.jmmm.2020.166711 ↗
4. 10.1002/adma.20220732110.1002/adma.202207321 ↗
5. 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b0365310.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03653 ↗
6. 10.1063/1.505044510.1063/1.5050445 ↗
7. 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.9.04404410.1103/PhysRevApplied.9.044044 ↗
8. 10.1134/1.157533310.1134/1.1575333 ↗
9. Samardak A. S. · Phys. Met. Metallogr. · 2004 · 98 · 360
10. 10.1134/S0031918X0601003010.1134/S0031918X06010030 ↗
11. 10.1016/j.physrep.2020.10.00110.1016/j.physrep.2020.10.001 ↗
12. 10.1063/1.496373110.1063/1.4963731 ↗
13. 10.1109/TMAG.2018.281456910.1109/TMAG.2018.2814569 ↗
14. 10.1109/TMAG.2021.308900210.1109/TMAG.2021.3089002 ↗
15. 10.1088/1361-6528/ab62cd10.1088/1361-6528/ab62cd ↗
16. 10.1038/s41598-022-16244-w10.1038/s41598-022-16244-w ↗
17. 10.1063/1.504987610.1063/1.5049876 ↗
18. 10.3390/s15112866510.3390/s151128665 ↗
19. 10.1016/j.jmmm.2018.01.05610.1016/j.jmmm.2018.01.056 ↗
20. 10.1063/1.502985710.1063/1.5029857 ↗
21. 10.1039/D1CP05456B10.1039/D1CP05456B ↗
22. 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.11.05404710.1103/PhysRevApplied.11.054047 ↗
23. 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.9.06400510.1103/PhysRevApplied.9.064005 ↗
24. 10.1103/PhysRevB.88.18440410.1103/PhysRevB.88.184404 ↗
25. Gibaud A. · 1999 · 87
26. 10.1155/2013/67836110.1155/2013/678361 ↗
27. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.04720110.1103/PhysRevLett.114.047201 ↗
28. 10.1103/PhysRevB.91.21440910.1103/PhysRevB.91.214409 ↗
29. 10.1103/PhysRevB.88.18440410.1103/PhysRevB.88.184404 ↗
30. 10.1038/ncomms863510.1038/ncomms8635 ↗
31. 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.05443010.1103/PhysRevB.93.054430 ↗
32. 10.1103/PhysRevB.95.13441010.1103/PhysRevB.95.134410 ↗
33. 10.1103/PhysRevB.91.18040510.1103/PhysRevB.91.180405 ↗
34. 10.1063/1.494568510.1063/1.4945685 ↗
35. 10.1088/0953-8984/27/32/32600210.1088/0953-8984/27/32/326002 ↗
36. 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.17440710.1103/PhysRevB.93.174407 ↗
37. 10.1038/nmat493410.1038/nmat4934 ↗
38. 10.1038/nmat367510.1038/nmat3675 ↗
39. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.26721010.1103/PhysRevLett.115.267210 ↗
40. 10.1088/1367-2630/9/3/08010.1088/1367-2630/9/3/080 ↗
41. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.14720210.1103/PhysRevLett.96.147202 ↗
42. 10.1116/1.57801210.1116/1.578012 ↗
43. 10.1016/j.susc.2019.12151210.1016/j.susc.2019.121512 ↗
44. Crangle J. · Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A · 1960 · 255 · 50910.1098/rspa.1960.0083 ↗
45. 10.1002/1521-3951(200106)225:2<449::AID-PSSB449>3.0.CO;2-310.1002/1521-3951(200106)225:2<449::AID-PSSB449>3.0.CO;2-3 ↗
46. 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.33010.1103/PhysRevB.55.330 ↗
47. 10.1016/j.jmmm.2013.01.01910.1016/j.jmmm.2013.01.019 ↗
48. 10.1007/s11669-007-9229-010.1007/s11669-007-9229-0 ↗
49. 10.1007/BF0265166010.1007/BF02651660 ↗
50. 10.2320/matertrans.46.119910.2320/matertrans.46.1199 ↗
51. 10.1063/1.490544710.1063/1.4905447 ↗
52. 10.1063/1.33021710.1063/1.330217 ↗
53. 10.1103/PhysRevB.47.55810.1103/PhysRevB.47.558 ↗
54. 10.1103/PhysRevB.49.1425110.1103/PhysRevB.49.14251 ↗
55. 10.1016/0927-0256(96)00008-010.1016/0927-0256(96)00008-0 ↗
56. 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.1116910.1103/PhysRevB.54.11169 ↗
57. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.386510.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3865 ↗
58. 10.1103/PhysRevB.13.518810.1103/PhysRevB.13.5188 ↗
59. 10.1088/0953-8984/11/43/10310.1088/0953-8984/11/43/103 ↗
60. 10.1088/0034-4885/74/9/09650110.1088/0034-4885/74/9/096501 ↗
61. Ebert, H.; Gyorffy, B. L.; Battocletti, M.; Benea, D.; Kosuth, M.; Minar, J.; Perlov, A.; Popescu, V. Munich SPR-KKR Package, Version 7.7; Ludwig-Manimilians Universitat Munchen, 2017.
62. 10.1090/S0025-5718-1965-0198670-610.1090/S0025-5718-1965-0198670-6 ↗
63. Dennis, J. E.; Schnabel, R. B. Numerical Methods for Unconstrained Optimization and Nonlinear Equations; SIAM: Philadelphia, 1996; p 375.10.1137/1.9781611971200 ↗
64. 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.1227110.1103/PhysRevB.58.12271 ↗
65. 10.1016/0304-8853(87)90721-910.1016/0304-8853(87)90721-9 ↗
66. 10.1103/PhysRevB.95.09440110.1103/PhysRevB.95.094401 ↗
67. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.08680210.1103/PhysRevLett.121.086802 ↗
68. 10.1038/s41427-020-0232-910.1038/s41427-020-0232-9 ↗
69. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.07720310.1103/PhysRevLett.119.077203 ↗
70. 10.1515/eng-2019-005910.1515/eng-2019-0059 ↗