Electrospun carbon nanofiber-based flexible films for electric heating elements with adjustable resistance, ultrafast heating rate, and high infrared emissivity
Source abstract
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials have shown great potential as electric heating elements in electrothermal applications. However, carbon-based heating elements with high flexibility, ultrafast electrothermal response, low driving voltage, high heating temperature, and stretchability are still lacking. Here, continuous electrospun carbon nanofiber films (CNFFs) and corresponding composite films additionally containing silicone (CSCFs) as electric heating elements are proposed. CNFFs were prepared by electrospinning and subsequent heat treatment, and CSCFs were prepared by composing CNFFs with silicone via hot-pressing procedure. Both of them have shown excellent performance as electrothermal films, such as ultrafast electrothermal response, high resistance adjustability, high flexibility, high operation stability, and high infrared emissivity. In particular, a temperature as high as 200 °C can be reached within 2 s at 8 V. Suitable robustness and flexibility allow CSCFs to bear various deformations, such as bending, twisting, folding, and even stretching by a factor of 1.3, without worsening electrothermal performance. Also, excellent water resistance has been confirmed. The superior electrothermal performance is mainly attributed to the high electrical conductivity, continuous fiber structure, high specific surface area, and adjustability of nanofiber stacking density and thickness of CNFFs.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials · Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication · Thermal Radiation and Cooling Technologies
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (53)
Show source-provided references
1. Jang N-S, Kim K-H, Ha S-H, Jung S-H, Lee HM, Kim J-M (2017) Simple approach to high-performance stretchable heaters based on kirigami patterning of conductive paper for wearable thermotherapy applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 9(23):19612–1962110.1021/acsami.7b03474 ↗
2. Park S-H, Cho E-H, Sohn J, Theilmann P, Chu K, Lee S, Sohn Y, Kim D, Kim B (2013) Design of multi-functional dual hole patterned carbon nanotube composites with superhydrophobicity and durability. Nano Res 6(6):389–39810.1007/s12274-013-0316-8 ↗
3. Zhang L, Baima M, Andrew TL (2017) Transforming commercial textiles and threads into sewable and weavable electric heaters. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 9(37):32299–3230710.1021/acsami.7b10514 ↗
4. Ma Z, Kang S, Ma J, Shao L, Wei A, Liang C, Gu J, Yang B, Dong D, Wei L, Ji Z (2019) High-performance and rapid-response electrical heaters based on ultraflexible, heat-resistant, and mechanically strong aramid nanofiber/Ag nanowire nanocomposite papers. ACS Nano 13(7):7578–759010.1021/acsnano.9b00434 ↗
5. Fosbury A, Wang SK, Pin YF, Chung DDL (2003) The interlaminar interface of a carbon fiber polymer-matrix composite as a resistance heating element. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf 34(10):933–94010.1016/S1359-835X(03)00208-2 ↗
6. Hong S, Lee H, Lee J, Kwon J, Han S, Suh YD, Cho H, Shin J, Yeo J, Ko SH (2015) Highly stretchable and transparent metal nanowire heater for wearable electronics applications. Adv Mater 27(32):4744–475110.1002/adma.201500917 ↗
7. Kim T, Kim YW, Lee HS, Kim H, Yang WS, Suh KS (2013) Uniformly interconnected silver-nanowire networks for transparent film heaters. Adv Func Mater 23(10):1250–125510.1002/adfm.201202013 ↗
8. Kim D, Zhu L, Jeong DJ, Chun K, Bang YY, Kim SR, Kim JH, Oh SK (2013) Transparent flexible heater based on hybrid of carbon nanotubes and silver nanowires. Carbon 63:530–53610.1016/j.carbon.2013.07.030 ↗
9. Wang R, Xu Z, Zhuang J, Liu Z, Peng L, Li Z, Liu Y, Gao W, Gao C (2017) Highly stretchable graphene fibers with ultrafast electrothermal response for low-voltage wearable heaters. Adv Electron Mater 3(2):1600425. https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.20160042510.1002/aelm.201600425 ↗
10. Janas D, Koziol KK (2014) A review of production methods of carbon nanotube and graphene thin films for electrothermal applications. Nanoscale 6(6):3037–304510.1039/c3nr05636h ↗
11. Bae JJ, Lim SC, Han GH, Jo YW, Doung DL, Kim ES, Chae SJ, Huy TQ, Van Luan N, Lee YH (2012) Heat dissipation of transparent graphene defoggers. Adv Func Mater 22(22):4819–482610.1002/adfm.201201155 ↗
12. Kang J, Kim H, Kim KS, Lee S-K, Bae S, Ahn J-H, Kim Y-J, Choi J-B, Hong BH (2011) High-performance graphene-based transparent flexible heaters. Nano Lett 11(12):5154–515810.1021/nl202311v ↗
13. Lee B-J, Jeong G-H (2012) Fabrication of defrost films using graphenes grown by chemical vapor deposition. Curr Appl Phys 12:S113–S11710.1016/j.cap.2012.05.012 ↗
14. Sui D, Huang Y, Huang L, Liang J, Ma Y, Chen Y (2011) Flexible and transparent electrothermal film heaters based on graphene materials. Small 7(22):3186–319210.1002/smll.201101305 ↗
15. Tan L, Zeng M, Wu Q, Chen L, Wang J, Zhang T, Eckert J, Rümmeli MH, Fu L (2015) Direct growth of ultrafast transparent single-layer graphene defoggers. Small 11(15):1840–184610.1002/smll.201402427 ↗
16. Jang H-S, Jeon SK, Nahm SH (2011) The manufacture of a transparent film heater by spinning multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Carbon 49(1):111–11610.1016/j.carbon.2010.08.049 ↗
17. Janas D, Koziol KK (2013) Rapid electrothermal response of high-temperature carbon nanotube film heaters. Carbon 59:457–46310.1016/j.carbon.2013.03.039 ↗
18. Yoon YH, Song JW, Kim D, Kim J, Park JK, Oh SK, Han CS (2007) Transparent film heater using single-walled carbon nanotubes. Adv Mater 19(23):4284–428710.1002/adma.200701173 ↗
19. Kang TJ, Kim T, Seo SM, Park YJ, Kim YH (2011) Thickness-dependent thermal resistance of a transparent glass heater with a single-walled carbon nanotube coating. Carbon 49(4):1087–109310.1016/j.carbon.2010.11.012 ↗
20. Menzel R, Barg S, Miranda M, Anthony DB, Bawaked SM, Mokhtar M, Al-Thabaiti SA, Basahel SN, Saiz E, Shaffer MS (2015) Joule heating characteristics of emulsion-templated graphene aerogels. Adv Func Mater 25(1):28–3510.1002/adfm.201401807 ↗
21. Yao Y, Fu KK, Yan C, Dai J, Chen Y, Wang Y, Zhang B, Hitz E, Hu L (2016) Three-dimensional printable high-temperature and high-rate heaters. ACS Nano 10(5):5272–527910.1021/acsnano.6b01059 ↗
22. Li Y, Zhang Z, Li X, Zhang J, Lou H, Shi X, Cheng X, Peng H (2017) A smart, stretchable resistive heater textile. J Mater Chem C 5(1):41–4610.1039/C6TC04399B ↗
23. Arlen MJ, Wang D, Jacobs JD, Justice R, Trionfi A, Hsu JWP, Schaffer D, Tan L-S, Vaia RA (2008) Thermal-electrical character of in situ synthesized polyimide-grafted carbon nanofiber composites. Macromolecules 41(21):8053–806210.1021/ma801525f ↗
24. Zhang K, Han B, Yu X (2012) Electrically conductive carbon nanofiber/paraffin wax composites for electric thermal storage. Energy Convers Manag 64:62–6710.1016/j.enconman.2012.06.021 ↗
25. Das A, Schutzius TM, Bayer IS, Megaridis CM (2012) Superoleophobic and conductive carbon nanofiber/fluoropolymer composite films. Carbon 50:1346–135410.1016/j.carbon.2011.11.006 ↗
26. Chang C, Ho M, Song G, Mo Y-L, Li H (2009) A feasibility study of self-heating concrete utilizing carbon nanofiber heating elements. Smart Mater Struct 18(12):127001. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/18/12/12700110.1088/0964-1726/18/12/127001 ↗
27. Qiu K, Elhassan A, Tian T, Yin X, Yu J, Li Z, Ding B (2020) Highly flexible, efficient, and sandwich-structured infrared radiation heating fabric. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 12(9):11016–1102510.1021/acsami.9b23099 ↗
28. Li Z, Xu Z, Liu Y, Wang R, Gao C (2016) Multifunctional non-woven fabrics of interfused graphene fibres. Nat Commun 7(1):13684. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1368410.1038/ncomms13684 ↗
29. Bae S, Kim H, Lee Y, Xu X, Park J-S, Zheng Y, Balakrishnan J, Lei T, Kim HR, Song YI (2010) Roll-to-roll production of 30-inch graphene films for transparent electrodes. Nat Nanotechnol 5(8):574-57810.1038/nnano.2010.132 ↗
30. Bustillos J, Zhang C, Boesl B, Agarwal A (2018) Three-dimensional graphene foam-polymer composite with superior deicing efficiency and strength. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 10(5):5022–502910.1021/acsami.7b18346 ↗
31. Guo Y, Dun C, Xu J, Mu J, Li P, Gu L, Hou C, Hewitt CA, Zhang Q, Li Y, Carroll DL, Wang H (2017) Ultrathin, washable, and large-area graphene papers for personal thermal management. Small 13(44):1702645. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.20170264510.1002/smll.201702645 ↗
32. Huangfu Y, Liang C, Han Y, Qiu H, Song P, Wang L, Kong J, Gu J (2019) Fabrication and investigation on the Fe3O4/thermally annealed graphene aerogel/epoxy electromagnetic interference shielding nanocomposites. Compos Sci Technol 169:70–7510.1016/j.compscitech.2018.11.012 ↗
33. Zhou R, Li P, Fan Z, Du D, Ouyang J (2017) Stretchable heaters with composites of an intrinsically conductive polymer, reduced graphene oxide and an elastomer for wearable thermotherapy. J Mater Chem C 5(6):1544–155110.1039/C6TC04849H ↗
34. Kang J, Jang Y, Kim Y, Cho S-H, Suhr J, Hong BH, Choi J-B, Byun D (2015) An Ag-grid/graphene hybrid structure for large-scale, transparent, flexible heaters. Nanoscale 7(15):6567–657310.1039/C4NR06984F ↗
35. Yan J, Jeong YG (2015) Highly elastic and transparent multiwalled carbon nanotube/polydimethylsiloxane bilayer films as electric heating materials. Mater Design 86:72–7910.1016/j.matdes.2015.07.089 ↗
36. Yu A, Ramesh P, Sun X, Bekyarova E, Itkis ME, Haddon RC (2008) Enhanced thermal conductivity in a hybrid graphite nanoplatelet-carbon nanotube filler for epoxy composites. Adv Mater 20(24):4740–474410.1002/adma.200800401 ↗
37. Cheng J, Wang L, Huo J, Yu H, Yang Q, Deng L (2008) Study on synthesis of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) grafted carbon black and temperature-dependence conductivity of grafted carbon black/epoxy composites. J Polym Sci Pol Phys 46(15):1529–153510.1002/polb.21488 ↗
38. Feng C, Liu K, Wu J-S, Liu L, Cheng J-S, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Li Q, Fan S, Jiang K (2010) Flexible, stretchable, transparent conducting films made from superaligned carbon nanotubes. Adv Func Mater 20(6):885–89110.1002/adfm.200901960 ↗
39. Isaji S, Bin Y, Matsuo M (2009) Electrical conductivity and self-temperature-control heating properties of carbon nanotubes filled polyethylene films. Polymer 50(4):1046–105310.1016/j.polymer.2008.12.033 ↗
40. Elhassan A, Abdalla I, Yu J, Li Z, Ding B (2019) Microwave-assisted fabrication of sea cucumber-like hollow structured composite for high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption. Chem Eng J 392:123646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2019.12364610.1016/j.cej.2019.123646 ↗
41. Abdalla I, Elhassan A, Yu J, Li Z, Ding B (2020) A hybrid comprised of porous carbon nanofibers and rGO for efficient electromagnetic wave absorption. Carbon 157:703–71310.1016/j.carbon.2019.11.004 ↗
42. Yang X, Ding Y, Shen Z, Sun Q, Zheng F, Fong H, Zhu Z, Liu J, Liang J, Wang X (2019) High-strength electrospun carbon nanofibrous mats prepared via rapid stabilization as frameworks for Li-ion battery electrodes. J Mater Sci 54(17):11574–11584. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-019-03698-z10.1007/s10853-019-03698-z ↗
43. Arshad SN, Naraghi M, Chasiotis I (2011) Strong carbon nanofibers from electrospun polyacrylonitrile. Carbon 49(5):1710–171910.1016/j.carbon.2010.12.056 ↗
44. Zussman E, Chen X, Ding W, Calabri L, Dikin DA, Quintana JP, Ruoff RS (2005) Mechanical and structural characterization of electrospun PAN-derived carbon nanofibers. Carbon 43(10):2175–218510.1016/j.carbon.2005.03.031 ↗
45. Zhou Z, Lai C, Zhang L, Qian Y, Hou H, Reneker DH, Fong H (2009) Development of carbon nanofibers from aligned electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofiber bundles and characterization of their microstructural, electrical, and mechanical properties. Polymer 50(13):2999–300610.1016/j.polymer.2009.04.058 ↗
46. Wu W, Wang J (2018) Effect of KH550 on the preparation and compatibility of carbon fibers reinforced silicone rubber composites. SILICON 10(5):1903–191010.1007/s12633-017-9700-4 ↗
47. Jeong YG, Jeon GW (2013) Microstructure and performance of multiwalled carbon nanotube/m-aramid composite films as electric heating elements. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 5(14):6527–653410.1021/am400892k ↗
48. Lee T-W, Lee S-E, Jeong YG (2016) Carbon nanotube/cellulose papers with high performance in electric heating and electromagnetic interference shielding. Compos Sci Technol 131:77–8710.1016/j.compscitech.2016.06.003 ↗
49. Wang Y, Jiang H, Tao Y, Mei T, Liu Q, Liu K, Li M, Wang W, Wang D (2016) Polypyrrole/poly(vinyl alcohol-co-ethylene) nanofiber composites on polyethylene terephthalate substrate as flexible electric heating elements. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf 81:234–24210.1016/j.compositesa.2015.11.011 ↗
50. Liu Y, Zhou M, He J (2016) Towards higher thermoelectric performance of Bi2Te3 via defect engineering. Scripta Mater 111:39–4310.1016/j.scriptamat.2015.06.031 ↗
51. Li Z, Li J, Cui J, Qiu H, Yang G, Zheng S, Yang J (2019) Dispersion and parallel assembly of sulfonated graphene in waterborne epoxy anticorrosion coatings. J Mater Chem A 7(30):17937–1794610.1039/C9TA03995C ↗
52. Li Y, Wu D-X, Hu J-Y, Wang S-X (2007) Novel infrared radiation properties of cotton fabric coated with nano Zn/ZnO particles. Collid Surface A 300(1–2):140–14410.1016/j.colsurfa.2007.01.001 ↗
53. Tian T, Wei X, Elhassan A, Yu J, Li Z, Ding B (2020) Highly flexible, efficient, and wearable infrared radiation heating carbon fabric. Chem Eng J: 128114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.12811410.1016/j.cej.2020.128114 ↗