Toughening of brittle poly(lactide) with hyperbranched poly(ester-amide) and isocyanate-terminated prepolymer of polybutadiene
Source abstract
Abstract
The use of polylactide (PLA) in durable applications is currently being hampered by its brittleness and low impact strength. In this study, the effects on mechanical properties of two potential toughening agents for PLA, i.e., hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched poly (ester amide) and isocyanate-terminated prepolymer of butadiene (ITPB), alone and in combination, are investigated with the aim of making tough PLA blends for use in durable non-food applications such as automotive interior. Synergistic effects in impact strength were observed in PLA ternary blends containing hyperbranched polymer (HBP) and ITPB. Impact strength of the PLA/HBP/ITPB ternary blend was improved by over 86 %, while the elongation at break was increased by over 100 %. Physical and chemical interactions between the hydroxyl-terminated HBP and the ITPB may be responsible for the observed synergistic effect and improvements in impact strength. Tensile, flexural, thermal, and thermo-mechanical properties of the PLA/HBP blends with varying amounts of the ITPB were studied. Scanning electron microscopy images showed evidence of stretched polymer which may indicate that the fracture behavior of PLA changed from brittle to ductile in the PLA/HBP/ITPB ternary blends.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties · Tribology and Wear Analysis · Polymer crystallization and properties
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (38)
Show source-provided references
1. Lim L, Auras R, Rubino M (2008) Prog Polym Sci 33:82010.1016/j.progpolymsci.2008.05.004 ↗
2. Rasal R, Janorkar A, Hirt D (2010) Prog Polym Sci 35:33810.1016/j.progpolymsci.2009.12.003 ↗
3. Malinconico M, Immirzi B, Massenti S, La Mantia F, Mormile P, Petti L (2002) J Mater Sci 37:4973. doi: 10.1023/A:102105881077410.1023/A:1021058810774 ↗
4. Grimaldi M, Immirzi B, Malinconico M, Martuscelli E, Orsello G, Rizzo A, Volpe MG (1996) J Mater Sci 31:6155. doi: 10.1007/BF0035443210.1007/BF00354432 ↗
5. Shi D, Chen H, Li RKY (2007) J Mater Sci 42:9495. doi: 10.1007/s10853-007-2047-210.1007/s10853-007-2047-2 ↗
6. Li Z, Guo S, Song W, Hou B (2003) J Mater Sci 38:1793. doi: 10.1023/A:102329621445510.1023/A:1023296214455 ↗
7. Avella M, Martuscelli E, Raimo M (2000) J Mater Sci 35:523. doi: 10.1023/A:100474052275110.1023/A:1004740522751 ↗
8. Zhang J-F, Sun X (2004) Polym Int 53:71610.1002/pi.1457 ↗
9. Shaked Y, Dodiuk H, Kenig S, McCarthy S (2009) Polym Eng Sci 49:55910.1002/pen.21266 ↗
10. Mezzenga R, Boogh L, Månson J-AE (2001) Compos Sci Technol 61:78710.1016/S0266-3538(01)00022-7 ↗
11. Voit B, Lederer A (2009) Chem Rev 109:592410.1021/cr900068q ↗
12. Voit B (2005) J Polym Sci A 43:267910.1002/pola.20821 ↗
13. Korolev GV, Mogilevich MM (2009) Three-dimensional free-radical polymerization. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 24310.1007/978-3-540-87567-3_8 ↗
14. Jikei M, Kakimoto M-A (2001) Prog Polym Sci 26:123310.1016/S0079-6700(01)00018-1 ↗
15. Gao C, Yan D (2004) Prog Polym Sci 29:18310.1016/j.progpolymsci.2003.12.002 ↗
16. Yates CR, Hayes W (2004) Eur Polym J 40:125710.1016/j.eurpolymj.2004.02.007 ↗
17. Hult A, Johansson M, Malmström E (1999) In: Roovers J (ed) Branched polymers II. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 110.1007/3-540-49780-3_1 ↗
18. Wen X, Lin Y, Han C, Han L, Li Y, Dong L (2010) Macromol Mater Eng 295:41510.1002/mame.200900370 ↗
19. Varley RJ, Tian W (2004) Polym Int 53:6910.1002/pi.1324 ↗
20. DeCarli M, Kozielski K, Tian W, Varley R (2005) Compos Sci Technol 65:215610.1016/j.compscitech.2005.05.003 ↗
21. Ratna D, Becker O, Krishnamurthy R, Simon GP, Varley RJ (2003) Polymer 44:744910.1016/j.polymer.2003.08.035 ↗
22. Bhardwaj R, Mohanty A (2007) Biomacromolecules 8:247610.1021/bm070367x ↗
23. Mohanty AK,Bhardwaj R, Hyperbranched polymer modified biopolymers, their biobased materials and process for the preparation thereof (US Patent App 20,060/247,387, 2006).
24. Wadud SEB, Ullbrich RR (TA 308) www.tainstruments.com/library_download.aspx?file=TA308.pdf
25. Zhang W, Zhang Y, Chen Y (2008) Iran Polym J 17:891
26. Yilgor I, Yilgor E, Guler IG, Ward TC, Wilkes GL (2006) Polymer 47:410510.1016/j.polymer.2006.02.027 ↗
27. Teo LS, Chen CY, Kuo JF (1997) Macromolecules 30:179310.1021/ma961035f ↗
28. Kong Y, Hay JN (2002) Polymer 43:387310.1016/S0032-3861(02)00235-5 ↗
29. Kong Y, Hay JN (2003) Eur Polym J 39:172110.1016/S0014-3057(03)00054-5 ↗
30. Fischer EW, Sterzel HJ, Wegner G (1973) Colloid Polym Sci 251:980
31. Gogolewski S, Jovanovic M, Perren SM, Dillon JG, Hughes MK (1993) Polym Degrad Stab 40:31310.1016/0141-3910(93)90137-8 ↗
32. Kim YH, Webster OW (1992) Macromolecules 25:556110.1021/ma00047a001 ↗
33. Lin Y, Zhang K-Y, Dong Z-M, Dong L-S, Li Y-S (2007) Macromolecules 40:625710.1021/ma070989a ↗
34. Sarasua JR, Arraiza AL, Balerdi P, Maiza I (2005) Polym Eng Sci 45:74510.1002/pen.20331 ↗
35. Tsuji H (2005) Macromol Biosci 5:56910.1002/mabi.200500062 ↗
36. Kawamoto N, Sakai A, Horikoshi T, Urushihara T, Tobita E (2007) J Appl Polym Sci 103:24410.1002/app.25185 ↗
37. Harada M, Ohya T, Iida K, Hayashi H, Hirano K, Fukuda H (2007) J Appl Polym Sci 106:181310.1002/app.26717 ↗
38. Vannaladsaysy V, Todo M, Takayama T, Jaafar M, Ahmad Z, Pasomsouk K (2009) J Mater Sci 44:3006. doi: 10.1007/s10853-009-3428-510.1007/s10853-009-3428-5 ↗