Mechanical properties and microstructure of heterogeneous commercial pure titanium prepared by rotary swaging and annealing
Source abstract
Abstract
The industrial applications of commercial pure titanium (CP-Ti) are significantly limited due to the strength-ductility trade-off in metallic materials. The strategy of heterostructured materials has been proposed to design microstructures for desired strength and ductility. To improve the mechanical properties of CP-Ti, a heterostructured rod, consisting of ultrafine fibrous grains and recrystallized grains, was produced by rotary swaging and subsequent annealing. The heterostructured Ti exhibits a high tensile strength of 636 MPa, simultaneously sustaining a high ductility of 11.9%, its tensile toughness is three times that of the swaged sample. The superior mechanical properties are attributed to the significant hetero-deformation induced (HDI) hardening in heterostructured Ti. It is found that the HDI hardening is induced by the interactions between geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) and hetero-interfaces.
Source: expertdata · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Microstructure and mechanical properties · Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties · Titanium Alloys Microstructure and Properties
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (49)
Show source-provided references
1. Peters M, Kumpfert J, Ward CH, Leyens C (2003) Titanium alloys for aerospace applications. Adv Eng Mater 5:419–427. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.20031009510.1002/adem.200310095 ↗
2. Han P, Xing Y, Yuan G, Zhu X, Wang X (2022) Experimental investigation of the multi-stage micro-deep drawing of pure titanium foils with different grain sizes. J Mater Sci 57:15094–15108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-022-07556-310.1007/s10853-022-07556-3 ↗
3. Topolski K, Adamczyk-Cieślak B, Garbacz H (2020) High-strength ultrafine-grained titanium 99.99 manufactured by large strain plastic working. J Mater Sci 55:4910–4925. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-019-04291-010.1007/s10853-019-04291-0 ↗
4. Stolyarov VV, Zhu YT, Lowe TC, Valiev RZ (2001) Microstructure and properties of pure Ti processed by ECAP and cold extrusion. Mater Sci Eng A 303:82–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(00)01884-010.1016/S0921-5093(00)01884-0 ↗
5. Fattah-alhosseini A, Reza Ansari A, Mazaheri Y, Karimi M, Haghshenas M (2017) An Investigation of mechanical properties in accumulative roll bonded nano-grained pure titanium. Mater Sci Eng A 688:218–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2017.02.01310.1016/j.msea.2017.02.013 ↗
6. Valiev RZ, Islamgaliev RK, Alexandrov IV (2000) Bulk nanostructured materials from severe plastic deformation. Prog Mater Sci 45:103–18910.1016/S0079-6425(99)00007-9 ↗
7. Zhang M, Liu L, Liang S, Li J (2020) Evolution in microstructures and mechanical properties of pure copper subjected to severe plastic deformation. Met Mater Int 26:1585–1595. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-019-00395-z10.1007/s12540-019-00395-z ↗
8. Suryanarayana C (2022) Mechanical alloying: a critical review. Mater Res Lett 10:619–647. https://doi.org/10.1080/21663831.2022.207524310.1080/21663831.2022.2075243 ↗
9. Wang M, Wang Y, He Q, Wei W, Guo F, Su W, Huang C (2022) A strong and ductile pure titanium. Mater Sci Eng, A 833:142534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2021.14253410.1016/j.msea.2021.142534 ↗
10. Cao Y, Ni S, Liao X, Song M, Zhu Y (2018) Structural evolutions of metallic materials processed by severe plastic deformation. Mater Sci Eng R Rep 133:1–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mser.2018.06.00110.1016/j.mser.2018.06.001 ↗
11. Wu X, Zhu Y (2017) Heterogeneous materials: a new class of materials with unprecedented mechanical properties. Mater Res Lett 5:527–532. https://doi.org/10.1080/21663831.2017.134320810.1080/21663831.2017.1343208 ↗
12. Zhu Y, Wu X (2023) Heterostructured materials. Prog Mater Sci 131:101019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2022.10101910.1016/j.pmatsci.2022.101019 ↗
13. Ameyama K, Cazes F, Couque H, Dirras G, Kikuchi S, Li J, Mompiou F, Mondal K, Orlov D, Sharma B, Tingaud D, Vajpai SK (2022) Harmonic structure, a promising microstructure design. Mater Res Lett 10:440–471. https://doi.org/10.1080/21663831.2022.205720310.1080/21663831.2022.2057203 ↗
14. Wang YF, Huang CX, He Q, Guo FJ, Wang MS, Song LY, Zhu YT (2019) Heterostructure induced dispersive shear bands in heterostructured Cu. Scr Mater 170:76–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2019.05.03610.1016/j.scriptamat.2019.05.036 ↗
15. You C, Zeng L, Gao R, Zhang X, Wang H (2022) A dual heterogeneous laminated microstructure design for improving the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of copper alloys. Mater Charact 187:111878. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2022.11187810.1016/j.matchar.2022.111878 ↗
16. Fu W, Dang P, Guo S, Ren Z, Fang D, Ding X, Sun J (2023) Heterogeneous fiberous structured Mg–Zn–Zr alloy with superior strength-ductility synergy. J Mater Sci Technol 134:67–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2022.06.02110.1016/j.jmst.2022.06.021 ↗
17. Fu H, Yuan S, Chan KC, Yang X-S (2022) Superior strength-ductility synergy and fatigue resistance of heterogeneous structured AZ41 Mg alloy by laser surface processing. Mater Sci Eng, A 858:144151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2022.14415110.1016/j.msea.2022.144151 ↗
18. Li D, Wu Y, Geng Z, Zhang J, Chen C, Liu X, Liu Y, Zhou K (2023) High strength Al−Mg−Sc−Zr alloy with heterogeneous grain structure and intragranular precipitation produced by laser powder bed fusion. J Alloy Compd 939:168722. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.16872210.1016/j.jallcom.2023.168722 ↗
19. Gao B, Lai Q, Cao Y, Hu R, Xiao L, Pan Z, Liang N, Li Y, Sha G, Liu M, Zhou H, Wu X, Zhu Y (2020) Ultrastrong low-carbon nanosteel produced by heterostructure and interstitial mediated warm rolling. Sci Adv 6:eaba8169. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba816910.1126/sciadv.aba8169 ↗
20. Huang J, Li W, He J, Zhou R, Chou T-H, Yang T, Liu C-T, Zhang W, Liu Y, Huang JC (2022) Dual heterogeneous structure facilitating an excellent strength-ductility combination in an additively manufactured multi-principal-element alloy. Mater Res Lett 10:575–584. https://doi.org/10.1080/21663831.2022.206779010.1080/21663831.2022.2067790 ↗
21. Lu K, Chauhan A, Knöpfle F, Aktaa J (2022) Effective and back stresses evolution upon cycling a high-entropy alloy. Mater Res Lett 10:369–376. https://doi.org/10.1080/21663831.2022.205466710.1080/21663831.2022.2054667 ↗
22. Wu X, Yang M, Yuan F, Wu G, Wei Y, Huang X, Zhu Y (2015) Heterogeneous lamella structure unites ultrafine-grain strength with coarse-grain ductility. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 112:14501–14505. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.151719311210.1073/pnas.1517193112 ↗
23. Li D, Fan G, Huang X, Juul Jensen D, Miao K, Xu C, Geng L, Zhang Y, Yu T (2021) Enhanced strength in pure Ti via design of alternating coarse- and fine-grain layers. Acta Mater 206:116627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2021.11662710.1016/j.actamat.2021.116627 ↗
24. Ding H, Cui X, Wang Z, Zhao T, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Chen H, Huang L, Geng L, Chen J (2022) A new strategy for fabrication of unique heterostructured titanium laminates and visually tracking their synchronous evolution of strain partitions versus microstructure. J Mater Sci Technol 107:70–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2021.08.01610.1016/j.jmst.2021.08.016 ↗
25. Guo Y, Jia B, Zhou Q, Chen W, Ren Y, Zhou Q, Liu R, Arab A, Ran C, Chen P (2023) Enhancement of mechanical properties of commercially pure titanium by shock induced gradient microstructure with martensitic transformation. Mater Sci Eng, A 863:144542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2022.14454210.1016/j.msea.2022.144542 ↗
26. Meng A, Chen X, Nie J, Gu L, Mao Q, Zhao Y (2021) Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of commercial pure titanium subjected to rotary swaging. J Alloy Compd 859:158222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.15822210.1016/j.jallcom.2020.158222 ↗
27. Mao Q, Liu Y, Zhao Y (2022) A review on mechanical properties and microstructure of ultrafine grained metals and alloys processed by rotary swaging. J Alloy Compd 896:163122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.16312210.1016/j.jallcom.2021.163122 ↗
28. Mao Q, Zhang Y, Guo Y, Zhao Y (2021) Enhanced electrical conductivity and mechanical properties in thermally stable fine-grained copper wire. Commun Mater 2:46. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-021-00150-110.1038/s43246-021-00150-1 ↗
29. Laplanche G, Horst O, Otto F, Eggeler G, George EP (2015) Microstructural evolution of a CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy after swaging and annealing. J Alloy Compd 647:548–557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.05.12910.1016/j.jallcom.2015.05.129 ↗
30. Kocich R, Kunčická L, Dohnalík D, Macháčková A, Šofer M (2016) Cold rotary swaging of a tungsten heavy alloy: numerical and experimental investigations. Int J Refract Metal Hard Mater 61:264–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2016.10.00510.1016/j.ijrmhm.2016.10.005 ↗
31. Wan Y, Tang B, Gao Y, Tang L, Sha G, Zhang B, Liang N, Liu C, Jiang S, Chen Z, Guo X, Zhao Y (2020) Bulk nanocrystalline high-strength magnesium alloys prepared via rotary swaging. Acta Mater 200:274–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2020.09.02410.1016/j.actamat.2020.09.024 ↗
32. Mao Q, Wang L, Nie J, Zhao Y (2022) Enhancing strength and electrical conductivity of Cu–Cr composite wire by two-stage rotary swaging and aging treatments. Compos B Eng 231:109567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.10956710.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109567 ↗
33. Yu Q, Shan Z-W, Li J, Huang X, Xiao L, Sun J, Ma E (2010) Strong crystal size effect on deformation twinning. Nature 463:335–338. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature0869210.1038/nature08692 ↗
34. Humphreys FJ, Hatherly M (2004) Recrystallisation and related annealing phenomena, 2nd edn. Elsevier, Oxford
35. Miyoshi E, Takaki T, Sakane S, Ohno M, Shibuta Y, Aoki T (2021) Large-scale phase-field study of anisotropic grain growth: effects of misorientation-dependent grain boundary energy and mobility. Comput Mater Sci 186:109992. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2020.10999210.1016/j.commatsci.2020.109992 ↗
36. Li SX, Cui GR (2007) Dependence of strength, elongation, and toughness on grain size in metallic structural materials. J Appl Phys 101:083525. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.272018410.1063/1.2720184 ↗
37. Cui GR, Ma ZY, Li SX (2009) The origin of non-uniform microstructure and its effects on the mechanical properties of a friction stir processed Al–Mg alloy. Acta Mater 57:5718–5729. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2009.07.06510.1016/j.actamat.2009.07.065 ↗
38. Wang M, Wang Y, Huang A, Gao L, Li Y, Huang C (2018) Promising tensile and fatigue properties of commercially pure titanium processed by rotary swaging and annealing treatment. Materials 11:2261. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma1111226110.3390/ma11112261 ↗
39. Zhu Y, Ameyama K, Anderson PM, Beyerlein IJ, Gao H, Kim HS, Lavernia E, Mathaudhu S, Mughrabi H, Ritchie RO, Tsuji N, Zhang X, Wu X (2021) Heterostructured materials: superior properties from hetero-zone interaction. Mater Res Lett 9:1–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/21663831.2020.179683610.1080/21663831.2020.1796836 ↗
40. Stolyarov VV, Zeipper L, Mingler B, Zehetbauer M (2008) Influence of post-deformation on CP-Ti processed by equal channel angular pressing. Mater Sci Eng, A 476:98–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2007.04.06910.1016/j.msea.2007.04.069 ↗
41. Mendes A, Kliauga AM, Ferrante M, Sordi VL (2014) How severe plastic deformation at cryogenic temperature affects strength, fatigue, and impact behaviour of grade 2 titanium. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng. 63:012161. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/63/1/01216110.1088/1757-899X/63/1/012161 ↗
42. Kim WJ, Yoo SJ, Lee JB (2010) Microstructure and mechanical properties of pure Ti processed by high-ratio differential speed rolling at room temperature. Scr Mater 62:451–454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2009.12.00810.1016/j.scriptamat.2009.12.008 ↗
43. Zherebtsov SV, Dyakonov GS, Salem AA, Sokolenko VI, Salishchev GA, Semiatin SL (2013) Formation of nanostructures in commercial-purity titanium via cryorolling. Acta Mater 61:1167–1178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2012.10.02610.1016/j.actamat.2012.10.026 ↗
44. Milner JL, Abu-Farha F, Bunget C, Kurfess T, Hammond VH (2013) Grain refinement and mechanical properties of CP-Ti processed by warm accumulative roll bonding. Mater Sci Eng, A 561:109–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2012.10.08110.1016/j.msea.2012.10.081 ↗
45. Li Z, Fu L, Fu B, Shan A (2012) Effects of annealing on microstructure and mechanical properties of nano-grained titanium produced by combination of asymmetric and symmetric rolling. Mater Sci Eng, A 558:309–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2012.08.00510.1016/j.msea.2012.08.005 ↗
46. Yang M, Pan Y, Yuan F, Zhu Y, Wu X (2016) Back stress strengthening and strain hardening in gradient structure. Mater Res Lett 4:145–151. https://doi.org/10.1080/21663831.2016.115300410.1080/21663831.2016.1153004 ↗
47. Yang M, Yan D, Yuan F, Jiang P, Ma E, Wu X (2018) Dynamically reinforced heterogeneous grain structure prolongs ductility in a medium-entropy alloy with gigapascal yield strength. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 115:7224–7229. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.180781711510.1073/pnas.1807817115 ↗
48. Li N, Cao Y, Liu B, Liu Y (2022) Strengthening mechanism of Ti-W composites with heterogeneous microstructures. Mater Res Lett 10:352–359. https://doi.org/10.1080/21663831.2022.204990710.1080/21663831.2022.2049907 ↗
49. Cui D, Zhang Y, He F, Ma J, Zhang K, Yang Z, Li J, Wang Z, Kai J, Wang J, Jun F (2021) Heterogeneous microstructure of the bonding zone and its dependence on preheating in hybrid manufactured Ti–6Al–4V. Mater Res Lett 9:422–428. https://doi.org/10.1080/21663831.2021.195894710.1080/21663831.2021.1958947 ↗