Superhydrophobic daytime radiative cooling coating incorporated with phase change microcapsules for building thermal regulation

1. Zhong X, Hu M, Deetman S, Steubing B, Lin HX, Hernandez GA, Harpprecht C, Zhang C, Tukker A, Behrens P (2021) Global greenhouse gas emissions from residential and commercial building materials and mitigation strategies to 2060. Nat Commun 12:612610.1038/s41467-021-26212-z ↗

2. Lamb WF, Wiedmann T, Pongratz J, Andrew R, Crippa M, Olivier JGJ, Wiedenhofer D, Mattioli G, Khourdajie AA, House J, Pachauri S, Figueroa M, Saheb Y, Slade R, Hubacek K, Sun L, Ribeiro SK, Khennas S, de la Rue du Can S, Chapungu L, Davis SJ, Bashmakov I, Dai H, Dhakal S, Tan X, Geng Y, Gu B, Minx J (2021) A review of trends and drivers of greenhouse gas emissions by sector from 1990 to 2018. Environ Res Lett 16:07300510.1088/1748-9326/abee4e ↗

3. Soltani M, Kashkooli FM, Dehghani-Sanij AR, Kazemi AR, Bordbar N, Farshchi MJ, Elmi M, Gharali K, Dusseault MB (2019) A comprehensive study of geothermal heating and cooling systems. Sustain Cities Soc 44:793–81810.1016/j.scs.2018.09.036 ↗

4. Al-Yasiri Q, Szabó M, Arıcı M (2022) A review on solar-powered cooling and air-conditioning systems for building applications. Energy Rep 8:2888–290710.1016/j.egyr.2022.01.172 ↗

5. Munday JN (2019) Tackling climate change through radiative cooling. Joule 3:2057–206010.1016/j.joule.2019.07.010 ↗

6. Li D, Liu X, Li W, Lin Z, Zhu B, Li Z, Li J, Li B, Fan S, Xie J, Zhu J (2020) Scalable and hierarchically designed polymer film as a selective thermal emitter for high-performance all-day radiative cooling. Nat Nanotechnol 16:153–15810.1038/s41565-020-00800-4 ↗

7. Yin X, Yang R, Tan G, Fan S (2020) Terrestrial radiative cooling: using the cold universe as a renewable and sustainable energy source. Science 370:786–79110.1126/science.abb0971 ↗

8. Zhang J, Zhou Z, Quan J, Zhang D, Sui J, Yu J, Liu J (2021) A flexible film to block solar radiation for daytime radiative cooling. Sol Energy Mater Sol C 225:11102910.1016/j.solmat.2021.111029 ↗

9. Chen M, Pang D, Chen X, Yan H (2021) Investigating the effective radiative cooling performance of random dielectric microsphere coatings. Int J Heat Mass Transf 173:12126310.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2021.121263 ↗

10. Chen M, Pang D, Chen X, Yan H, Yang Y (2021) Passive daytime radiative cooling: fundamentals, material designs, and applications. EcoMat 4:1215310.1002/eom2.12153 ↗

11. Raman AP, Anoma MA, Zhu L, Rephaeli E, Fan S (2014) Passive radiative cooling below ambient air temperature under direct sunlight. Nature 515:540–54410.1038/nature13883 ↗

12. Wang F, Pi J, Song F, Feng R, Xu C, Wang X-L, Wang Y-Z (2020) A superhydrophobic coating to create multi-functional materials with mechanical/chemical/physical robustness. Chem Eng J 381:12253910.1016/j.cej.2019.122539 ↗

13. Liu X, Xiao C, Wang P, Yan M, Wang H, Xie P, Liu G, Zhou H, Zhang D, Fan T (2021) Biomimetic photonic multiform composite for high-performance radiative cooling. Adv Opt Mater 9:210115110.1002/adom.202101151 ↗

14. Deng X, Mammen L, Zhao Y, Lellig P, Müllen K, Li C, Butt H-J, Vollmer D (2011) Transparent, thermally stable and mechanically robust superhydrophobic surfaces made from porous silica capsules. Adv Mater 23:2962–296510.1002/adma.201100410 ↗

15. Sharma S, Rawal A, Tóth IY, Vásárhelyi L, Kozma G, Kukovecz Á, Jee S, Ayaydin F (2021) Superhydrophobic self-similar nonwoven-titanate nanostructured materials. J Colloid Interface Sci 598:93–10310.1016/j.jcis.2021.03.045 ↗

16. Fan T-T, Xue C-H, Guo X-J, Wang H-D, Huang M-C, Zhang D-M, Deng F-Q (2022) Eco-friendly preparation of durable superhydrophobic porous film for daytime radiative cooling. J Mater Sci 57:10425–10443. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-022-07292-810.1007/s10853-022-07292-8 ↗

17. Hu L-C, Xue C-H, Liu B-Y, Guo X-J, Wang J-H, Deng F-Q (2022) Scalable superhydrophobic flexible nanofiber film for passive daytime radiative cooling. ACS Appl Polym Mater 4:3343–335110.1021/acsapm.1c01907 ↗

18. Wu Y, Zhao H, Sun H, Duan M, Lin B, Wu S (2022) A review of the application of radiative sky cooling in buildings: challenges and optimization. Energy Convers Manag 265:11576810.1016/j.enconman.2022.115768 ↗

19. Liu R, Zhou Z, Mo X, Liu P, Hu B, Duan J, Zhou J (2022) Green-manufactured and recyclable coatings for subambient daytime radiative cooling. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 14:46972–4697910.1021/acsami.2c12400 ↗

20. Chen M, Pang D, Yan H (2022) Sustainable and self-cleaning bilayer coatings for high-efficiency daytime radiative cooling. J Mater Chem C 10:8329–833810.1039/D2TC00834C ↗

21. Ma E, Wei Z, Lian C, Zhou Y, Gan S, Xu B (2021) Preparation of colored microcapsule phase change materials with colored SiO2 shell for thermal energy storage and their application in latex paint coating. Materials 14:401210.3390/ma14144012 ↗

22. Xu L, Liu X, An Z, Yang R (2019) EG-based coatings for flame retardance of shape stabilized phase change materials. Polym Degrad Stab 161:114–12010.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.01.020 ↗

23. Toifane H, Tittelein P, Cherif Y, Zalewski L, Leuck H (2022) Thermophysical characterization of a thermoregulating interior coating containing a bio-sourced phase change material. Appl Sci 12:382710.3390/app12083827 ↗

24. Chang Z, Wang K, Wu X, Lei G, Wang Q, Liu H, Wang Y, Zhang Q (2022) Review on the preparation and performance of paraffin-based phase change microcapsules for heat storage. J Energy Storage 46:10384010.1016/j.est.2021.103840 ↗

25. Liu H, Wang X, Wu D (2019) Innovative design of microencapsulated phase change materials for thermal energy storage and versatile applications: a review. Sustain Energy Fuels 3:1091–114910.1039/C9SE00019D ↗

26. Freeman TB, Foster KEO, Troxler CJ, Irvin CW, Aday A, Boetcher SKS, Mahvi A, Smith MK, Odukomaiya A (2023) Advanced materials and additive manufacturing for phase change thermal energy storage and management: a review. Adv Energy Mater 13:220420810.1002/aenm.202204208 ↗

27. Rathore PKS, Shukla SK (2021) Enhanced thermophysical properties of organic PCM through shape stabilization for thermal energy storage in buildings: a state of the art review. Energy Build 236:11079910.1016/j.enbuild.2021.110799 ↗

28. Roh J, Cho YH, Ahn DJ (2022) Sustainable colorimetric/luminescent sensors enabled by armored lipid nanoparticles. Nano Converg 9:4210.1186/s40580-022-00335-5 ↗

29. Mandal J, Fu Y, Overvig AC, Jia M, Sun K, Shi NN, Zhou H, Xiao X, Yu N, Yang Y (2018) Hierarchically porous polymer coatings for highly efficient passive daytime radiative cooling. Science 362:315–31910.1126/science.aat9513 ↗

30. Geng L, Li L, Zhang H, Zhong M, Mu P, Li J (2022) Interfacial solar evaporator synergistic phase change energy storage for all-day steam generation. J Mater Chem A 10:15485–1549610.1039/D2TA04479J ↗

31. Piselli C, Castaldo VL, Pisello AL (2019) How to enhance thermal energy storage effect of PCM in roofs with varying solar reflectance: experimental and numerical assessment of a new roof system for passive cooling in different climate conditions. Sol Energy 192:106–11910.1016/j.solener.2018.06.047 ↗

32. Lei J, Kumarasamy K, Zingre KT, Yang J, Wan MP, Yang E-H (2017) Cool colored coating and phase change materials as complementary cooling strategies for building cooling load reduction in tropics. Appl Energy 190:57–6310.1016/j.apenergy.2016.12.114 ↗

33. Yang L-Y, Feng C-P, Bai L, Bao R-Y, Liu Z-Y, Yang M-B, Yang W (2021) Flexible shape-stabilized phase change materials with passive radiative cooling capability for thermal management. Chem Eng J 425:13146610.1016/j.cej.2021.131466 ↗

34. Zhao D, Aili A, Zhai Y, Xu S, Tan G, Yin X, Yang R (2019) Radiative sky cooling: fundamental principles, materials, and applications. Appl Phys Rev 6:02130610.1063/1.5087281 ↗

35. Huang X, Alva G, Jia Y, Fang G (2017) Morphological characterization and applications of phase change materials in thermal energy storage: a review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 72:128–14510.1016/j.rser.2017.01.048 ↗

36. Yang Y, Wang T, Yao T, Li G, Sun Y, Cao X, Ma L, Peng S (2020) Preparation of a novel TiN/TiNxOy/SiO2 composite ceramic films on aluminum substrate as a solar selective absorber by magnetron sputtering. J Alloys Compd 815:15220910.1016/j.jallcom.2019.152209 ↗

37. Sun Y, Javed M, Ji Y, Nawaz MZ, Wang Y, Cai Z, Xu B (2022) Design and preparation of flexible double-layered daytime radiative cooling composite film with antifouling property. Sol Energy Mater Sol C 245:11183610.1016/j.solmat.2022.111836 ↗

38. Zhong S, Yi L, Zhang J, Xu T, Xu L, Zhang X, Zuo T, Cai Y (2021) Self-cleaning and spectrally selective coating on cotton fabric for passive daytime radiative cooling. Chem Eng J 407:12710410.1016/j.cej.2020.127104 ↗

39. Wang H-D, Xue C-H, Guo X-J, Liu B-Y, Ji Z-Y, Huang M-C, Jia S-T (2021) Superhydrophobic porous film for daytime radiative cooling. Appl Mater Today 24:10110010.1016/j.apmt.2021.101100 ↗

40. Wang H-D, Xue C-H, Ji Z-Y, Huang M-C, Jiang Z-H, Liu B-Y, Deng F-Q, An Q-F, Guo X-J (2022) Superhydrophobic porous coating of polymer composite for scalable and durable daytime radiative cooling. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 14:51307–5131710.1021/acsami.2c14789 ↗

41. Döğüşcü DK, Damlıoğlu Y, Alkan C (2019) Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-ethylene glycole dimethacrylate-co-acrylamide)/N-Octadecane microparticles for thermal energy storage. Sol Energy Mater Sol C 193:253–25810.1016/j.solmat.2019.01.021 ↗

42. Zhang S, Jing W, Chen Z, Zhang C, Wu D, Gao Y, Zhu H (2022) Full daytime sub-ambient radiative cooling film with high efficiency and low cost. Renew Energy 194:850–85710.1016/j.renene.2022.05.151 ↗

43. Zhong H, Li Y, Zhang P, Gao S, Liu B, Wang Y, Meng T, Zhou Y, Hou H, Xue C, Zhao Y, Wang Z (2021) Hierarchically hollow microfibers as a scalable and effective thermal insulating cooler for buildings. ACS Nano 15:10076–1008310.1021/acsnano.1c01814 ↗

44. Mei X, Wang T, Chen M, Wu L (2022) A self-adaptive film for passive radiative cooling and solar heating regulation. J Mater Chem A 10:11092–1110010.1039/D2TA01291J ↗

45. Li B, Xue S, Mu P, Li J (2022) Robust self-healing graphene oxide-based superhydrophobic coatings for efficient corrosion protection of magnesium alloys. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 14:30192–3020410.1021/acsami.2c06447 ↗

46. Li X, Peoples J, Yao P, Ruan X (2021) Ultrawhite BaSO4 paints and films for remarkable daytime subambient radiative cooling. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 13:21733–2173910.1021/acsami.1c02368 ↗