journal article·2017-02Open access

Comparison study of silicon carbide coatings produced at different deposition conditions with use of high temperature nanoindentation

Nadia Rohbeck, Dimitrios Tsivoulas, Ian P. Shapiro, Ping Xiao, Steven Knol, Jean-Michel Escleine, Marc Perez, Bing Liu

Journal of Materials Science· Volume 52· Issue 4

Abstract

The elastic modulus and hardness of different silicon carbide (SiC) coatings in tristructural-isotropic (TRISO) fuel particles were measured by in situ high temperature nanoindentation up to 500 °C. Three samples fabricated by different research institutions were compared. Due to varied fabrication parameters the samples exhibited different grain sizes and one contained some visible porosity. However, irrespective of the microstructural features in each case the hardness was found to be very similar in the three coatings around 35 GPa at room temperature. Compared with the significantly coarser grained bulk CVD SiC, the drop in hardness with temperature was less pronounced for TRISO particles, suggesting that the presence of grain boundaries impeded plastic deformation. The elastic modulus differed for the three TRISO coatings with room temperature values ranging from 340 to 400 GPa. With increasing measurement temperature the elastic modulus showed a continuous decrease.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Metal and Thin Film Mechanics · Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research · Advanced ceramic materials synthesis

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (45)

Show source-provided references
1. Olander D (2009) Nuclear fuels—present and future. J Nucl Mater 389:1–22. doi: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2009.01.29710.1016/j.jnucmat.2009.01.297 ↗
2. Ledergerber G, Degueldre C, Heimgartner P et al (2001) Inert matrix fuel for the utilisation of plutonium. Prog Nucl Energy 38:301–308. doi: 10.1016/S0149-1970(00)00122-010.1016/S0149-1970(00)00122-0 ↗
3. Milman YV, Chugunova SI, Goncharova IV et al (1999) Temperature dependence of hardness in silicon-carbide ceramics with different porosity. Int J Refract Met Hard Mater 17:361–368. doi: 10.1016/S0263-4368(99)00022-010.1016/S0263-4368(99)00022-0 ↗
4. Bhakhri V, Wang J, Ur-rehman N et al (2012) Instrumented nanoindentation investigation into the mechanical behavior of ceramics at moderately elevated temperatures. J Mater Res 27:65–75. doi: 10.1557/jmr.2011.24610.1557/jmr.2011.246 ↗
5. Rohbeck N, Tsivoulas D, Shapiro IP et al (2015) In-situ nanoindentation of irradiated silicon carbide in TRISO particle fuel up to 500°C. J Nucl Mater 465:692–694. doi: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.06.03510.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.06.035 ↗
6. Knol S, de Groot S, Hania PR, Hannink MHC (2012) PYCASSO: irradiation of HTR coated particles at high temperatures. Nucl Eng Des 251:150–156. doi: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.10.05010.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.10.050 ↗
7. Obringer L, Mollard C, Bianchini B (2008) Caractéristiques des particules à noyau inerte destinées à l’expérience. PYCASSO 1'CEA, France, 2008
8. Perez M (2008) Fabrication de particules à noyau inerte destinées à l’expérience. PYCASSO 1'CEA, France, 2008
9. Rohm and Haas (2008) Datasheet: CVD Silicon Carbide.
10. Baonza VG (2004) General behavior of longitudinal optical phonons in cubic diatomic crystals. Solid State Comm 130:383–386. doi: 10.1016/j.ssc.2004.02.02710.1016/j.ssc.2004.02.027 ↗
11. Aguado F, Baonza VG (2006) Prediction of bulk modulus at high temperatures from longitudinal phonon frequencies: application to diamond, c-BN, and 3C-SiC. Phys Rev B 73:024111. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.02411110.1103/PhysRevB.73.024111 ↗
12. Zhao X, Yang F, Zhang H, Xiao P (2011) Nondestructive evaluation of high temperature elastic modulus of 3C–SiC using Raman scattering. J Raman Spectrosc 43:945–948. doi: 10.1002/jrs.311910.1002/jrs.3119 ↗
13. Herrmann K, Jennett N, Wegener W et al (2000) Progress in determination of the area function of indenters used for nanoindentation. Thin Solid Films 377:394–400. doi: 10.1016/S0040-6090(00)01367-510.1016/S0040-6090(00)01367-5 ↗
14. Oliver WC, Pharr G, Pharr GM (1992) An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic-modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments. J Mater Res 7:1564–1583. doi: 10.1557/JMR.1992.156410.1557/JMR.1992.1564 ↗
15. Wheeler JM, Michler J (2013) Invited article: indenter materials for high temperature nanoindentation. Rev Sci Instrum 84:101301. doi: 10.1063/1.482471010.1063/1.4824710 ↗
16. Schuh CA, Packard CE, Lund AC (2006) Nanoindentation and contact-mode imaging at high temperatures. J Mater Res 21:725–736. doi: 10.1557/jmr.2006.008010.1557/jmr.2006.0080 ↗
17. Beake B, Smith J (2002) high temperature nanoindentation testing of fused silica and other materials. Phil Mag A 82:2179–2186. doi: 10.1080/0141861020823572710.1080/01418610208235727 ↗
18. Alkorta J, Martínez-Esnaola JM, Sevillano JG (2011) Towards a reliable procedure for the measurement of elastic modulus in instrumented indentation. Phil Mag 91:1400–1408. doi: 10.1080/14786435.2010.50214210.1080/14786435.2010.502142 ↗
19. Everitt NM, Davies MI, Smith JF (2011) High temperature nanoindentation—the importance of isothermal contact. Phil Mag 91:1221–1244. doi: 10.1080/14786435.2010.49674510.1080/14786435.2010.496745 ↗
20. Korte S, Stearn RJ, Wheeler JM, Clegg WJ (2011) High temperature microcompression and nanoindentation in vacuum. J Mater Res 27:167–176. doi: 10.1557/jmr.2011.26810.1557/jmr.2011.268 ↗
21. Trenkle JC, Packard CE, Schuh CA (2010) Hot nanoindentation in inert environments. Rev Sci Instrum 81:073901. doi: 10.1063/1.343663310.1063/1.3436633 ↗
22. Wheeler JM, Brodard P, Michler J (2012) Elevated temperature, in situ indentation with calibrated contact temperatures. Phil Mag 92:3128–3141. doi: 10.1080/14786435.2012.67464710.1080/14786435.2012.674647 ↗
23. Helary D, Dugne O, Bourrat X et al (2006) EBSD investigation of SiC for HTR fuel particles. J Nucl Mater 350:332–335. doi: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2006.01.01010.1016/j.jnucmat.2006.01.010 ↗
24. Kirchhofer R, Hunn JD, Demkowicz PA et al (2013) Microstructure of TRISO coated particles from the AGR-1 experiment: SiC grain size and grain boundary character. J Nucl Mater 432:127–134. doi: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.08.05210.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.08.052 ↗
25. Tan L, Allen TR, Hunn JD, Miller JH (2008) EBSD for microstructure and property characterization of the SiC-coating in TRISO fuel particles. J Nucl Mater 372:400–404. doi: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.04.04810.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.04.048 ↗
26. Krautwasser P, Begun GM, Angelini P (1983) Raman spectral characterization of silicon-carbide nuclear-fuel coatings. J Am Ceram Soc 66:424–434. doi: 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1983.tb10075.x10.1111/j.1151-2916.1983.tb10075.x ↗
27. Schuh CA, Lund AC (2004) Application of nucleation theory to the rate dependence of incipient plasticity during nanoindentation. J Mater Res 19:2152–2158. doi: 10.1557/JMR.2004.027610.1557/JMR.2004.0276 ↗
28. Zhao X, Langford RM, Shapiro IP, Xiao P (2011) Onset plastic deformation and cracking behavior of silicon carbide under contact load at room temperature. J Am Ceram Soc 94:3509–3514. doi: 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2011.04674.x10.1111/j.1551-2916.2011.04674.x ↗
29. Snead LL, Nozawa T, Katoh Y et al (2007) Handbook of SiC properties for fuel performance modeling. J Nucl Mater 371:329–377. doi: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.05.01610.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.05.016 ↗
30. Li Z, Bradt RC (1987) The single-crystal elastic constants of cubic (3C) SiC to 1000 °C. J Mater Sci 22:2557–2559. doi: 10.1007/BF0108214510.1007/BF01082145 ↗
31. Fischer-Cripps AC (2011) Nanoindentation, 3rd ed. 1–302. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4419-9872-910.1007/978-1-4419-9872-9 ↗
32. Debernardi A, Ulrich C, Syassen K, Cardona M (1999) Raman linewidths of optical phonons in 3 C–S i C under pressure: first-principles calculations and experimental results. Phys Rev B 59:6774–6783. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.677410.1103/PhysRevB.59.6774 ↗
33. Feng ZC, Choyke WJ, Powell JA (1988) Raman determination of layer stresses and strains for heterostructures and its application to the cubic SiC/Si system. J Appl Phys 64:6827–6835. doi: 10.1063/1.34199710.1063/1.341997 ↗
34. Tan J, Meadows PJ, Zhang D et al (2009) Young’s modulus measurements of SiC coatings on spherical particles by using nanoindentation. J Nucl Mater 393:22–29. doi: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2009.05.00110.1016/j.jnucmat.2009.05.001 ↗
35. Hosemann P, Martos JN, Frazer D et al (2013) Mechanical characteristics of SiC coating layer in TRISO fuel particles. J Nucl Mater 442:133–142. doi: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.08.04110.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.08.041 ↗
36. Chollon G, Vallerot JM, Helary D, Jouannigot S (2007) Structural and textural changes of CVD-SiC to indentation, high temperature creep and irradiation. J Eur Ceram Soc 27:1503–1511. doi: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2006.05.03810.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2006.05.038 ↗
37. Kingery WD, Bowen HK, Uhlmann DR (1976) Introduction to ceramics, 2nd edn. John Willey & Sons, New York
38. Wachtman JB, Cannon WR, Matthewson MJ (2009) Mechanical properties of ceramics, 2nd edn. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ, USA10.1002/9780470451519 ↗
39. Chen H-P, Kalia RK, Nakano A et al (2007) Multimillion-atom nanoindentation simulation of crystalline silicon carbide: orientation dependence and anisotropic pileup. J Appl Phys 102:063514. doi: 10.1063/1.278132410.1063/1.2781324 ↗
40. Lankford J (1983) Comparative study of the temperature dependence of hardness and compressive strength in ceramics. J Mater Sci 18:1666–1674. doi: 10.1007/BF0054206110.1007/BF00542061 ↗
41. Grigor’ev ON, Trefilov VI, Shatokhin AM (1983) Influence of temperature on the failure of brittle materials in concentrated loading. Sov Powder Metall Met Ceram 22:1028–1033. doi: 10.1007/bf0080243410.1007/bf00802434 ↗
42. Trefilov VI, Milman YV, Grigor’ev ON (1988) Deformation and rupture of crystals with covalent interatomic bonds. Prog Cryst Growth Charact Mater 16:225–277. doi: 10.1016/0146-3535(88)90019-610.1016/0146-3535(88)90019-6 ↗
43. Zhang H, López-Honorato E, Javed A et al (2012) A study of the microstructure and mechanical properties of SiC coatings on spherical particles. J Eur Ceram Soc 32:1775–1786. doi: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2011.12.01410.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2011.12.014 ↗
44. Morris RN, Petti DA, Powers DA, Boyack BE (2004) TRISO-coated particle fuel phenomenon identification and ranking tables (PIRTs) for fission product transport due to manufacturing, operations, and accidents
45. Page TF, Oliver WC, McHargue CJ (1992) The Deformation-Behavior of ceramic crystals subjected to very low load (Nano)indentations. J Mater Res 7:450–473. doi: 10.1557/JMR.1992.045010.1557/JMR.1992.0450 ↗