Wetting and interfacial behavior of Sn–Ti alloys on zirconia
Source abstract
Abstract
The isothermal wetting and spreading behaviors of Sn-Ti/ZrO2 systems were investigated by the sessile drop method, and the interfacial microstructures were characterized by XRD and TEM. The wettability improved significantly with the increase in Ti content or with the increase in temperature as a result of the interfacial phenomena. For example, for tests at 1000 degrees C, we found that: (1) X-Ti=0 to X-Ti=2.0%, the final contact angle decreased from 144 degrees to 42 degrees along with the increase in the coverage of ZrO2 by a Ti2O3 interfacial layer; (2) X-Ti=2.0% to X-Ti=4.0%, the contact angle decreased to 22 degrees because of the replacement of Ti2O3 by a more metallic layer; (3) X-Ti=4.0% to X-Ti=8.0%, no further decrease in the angle was observed as the interfacial layer remains Ti11.31Sn3O10. For X-Ti=4.0%, the temperature increase from 900 to 1000 degrees C led to a decrease in contact angle from 47 degrees to 22 degrees, respectively, due to the interfacial layer shifting from Ti2O3 to Ti11.31Sn3O10. For all the systems, the Ti enhanced the loss of oxygen from zirconia leading to the formation of black ZrO2-x. Spreading kinetics of Sn-Ti/ZrO2 systems was controlled by the reaction-limited dynamics. The diffusion of released oxygen changed the spreading rate in the rapid-spreading stage.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides · Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells · Nuclear Materials and Properties
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (34)
Show source-provided references
1. Cao J, Song X, Li C, Zhao L, Feng J (2013) Brazing ZrO2 ceramic to Ti–6Al–4V alloy using NiCrSiB amorphous filler foil: interfacial microstructure and joint properties. Mater Charact 81:85–9110.1016/j.matchar.2013.04.009 ↗
2. Mahato N, Banerjee A, Gupta A, Omar S, Balani K (2015) Progress in material selection for solid oxide fuel cell technology: a review. Prog Mater Sci 72:141–33710.1016/j.pmatsci.2015.01.001 ↗
3. Kennouche D, Y-cK Chen-Wiegart, Yakal-Kremski KJ et al (2016) Observing the microstructural evolution of Ni–Yttria-stabilized zirconia solid oxide fuel cell anodes. Acta Mater 103:204–21010.1016/j.actamat.2015.09.055 ↗
4. Song X, Zhao Y, Hu S, Cao J, Fu W, Feng J (2017) Wetting of AgCu–Ti filler on porous Si3N4 ceramic and brazing of the ceramic to TiAl alloy. Ceram Int 44:4622–462910.1016/j.ceramint.2017.11.212 ↗
5. Lan L, Yu J, Yang Z, Li C, Ren Z, Wang Q (2016) Interfacial microstructure and mechanical characterization of silicon nitride/nickel-base superalloy joints by partial transient liquid phase bonding. Ceram Int 42:1633–163910.1016/j.ceramint.2015.09.115 ↗
6. Cao J, Liu J, Song X, Lin X, Feng J (2014) Diffusion bonding of TiAl intermetallic and Ti3AlC2 ceramic: interfacial microstructure and joining properties. Mater Des 56:115–12110.1016/j.matdes.2013.10.074 ↗
7. He P, Yang W, Lin T, Jia D, Feng J, Liu Y (2012) Diffusion bonding of ZrB2–SiC/Nb with in situ synthesized TiB whiskers array. J Eur Ceram Soc 32:4447–445410.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2012.07.005 ↗
8. Eustathopoulos N, Nicholas MG, Drevet B (1999) Wettability at high temperatures. Pergamon, Bergama
9. Munoz M, Gallego S, Beltrán J, Cerda J (2006) Adhesion at metal-ZrO2 interfaces. Surf Sci Rep 61:303–34410.1016/j.surfrep.2006.03.002 ↗
10. Durov A, Naidich YV, Kostyuk B (2005) Investigation of interaction of metal melts and zirconia. J Mater Sci 40:2173–217810.1007/s10853-005-1928-5 ↗
11. Dai X, Cao J, Liu J, Su S, Feng J (2015) Effect of holding time on microstructure and mechanical properties of ZrO2/TiAl joints brazed by Ag–Cu filler metal. Mater Des 87:53–5910.1016/j.matdes.2015.08.020 ↗
12. Liu Y, Hu J, Zhang Y, Guo Z, Yang Y (2011) Joining of zirconia and Ti–6A1–4V using a Ti-based amorphous filler. J Mater Sci Technol 27:653–65810.1016/S1005-0302(11)60121-7 ↗
13. Muolo ML, Ferrera E, Morbelli L, Passerone A (2004) Wetting, spreading and joining in the alumina–zirconia–Inconel 738 system. Scr Mater 50:325–33010.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.10.015 ↗
14. Chuang T, Yeh M, Chai Y (2000) Brazing of zirconia with AgCuTi and SnAgTi active filler metals. Metall Mater Trans A 31:1591–159710.1007/s11661-000-0169-0 ↗
15. Wang N, Wang D, Yang Z, Wang Y (2016) Interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of zirconia ceramic and niobium joints vacuum brazed with two Ag-based active filler metals. Ceram Int 42:12815–1282410.1016/j.ceramint.2016.05.045 ↗
16. Lin K-L, Singh M, Asthana R (2015) Effect of short-term aging on interfacial and mechanical properties of yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ)/stainless steel joints. J Eur Ceram Soc 35:1041–105310.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2014.10.001 ↗
17. Liu Y, Hu J, Shen P, Han X, Li J (2013) Microstructural and mechanical properties of jointed ZrO2/Ti–6Al–4 V alloy using Ti33Zr17Cu50 amorphous brazing filler. Mater Des 47:281–28610.1016/j.matdes.2012.12.023 ↗
18. Bian H, Fu W, Lei Y et al (2018) Wetting and low temperature bonding of zirconia metallized with Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu–Ti alloys. Ceram Int 44:11456–1146510.1016/j.ceramint.2018.03.207 ↗
19. Valenza F, Muolo M, Passerone A (2010) Wetting and interactions of Ni- and Co-based superalloys with different ceramic materials. J Mater Sci 45:2071–207910.1007/s10853-009-3801-4 ↗
20. Passerone A, Ricci E (1998) High temperature tensiometry. Stud Interface Sci 6:475–52410.1016/S1383-7303(98)80027-6 ↗
21. Liggieri L, Passerone A (1989) An automatic technique for measuring the surface tension of liquid metals. High Temp Technol 7:82–8610.1080/02619180.1989.11753417 ↗
22. Lapauw T, Vanmeensel K, Lambrinou K, Vleugels J (2015) Rapid synthesis and elastic properties of fine-grained Ti2SnC produced by spark plasma sintering. J Alloys Compd 631:72–7610.1016/j.jallcom.2014.12.255 ↗
23. Alchagirov BB, Chochaeva AM (2000) Temperature dependence of the density of liquid tin. High Temp 38:44–4810.1007/BF02755565 ↗
24. Hillebrecht H, Ade M (1999) Synthesis and crystal structure of Ti12Sn3O10-A low valent oxide of titanium with an oxidic network and intermetallic “Islands”. ChemInform. https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.19992400810.1002/chin.199924008 ↗
25. Hanson W, Ironside K, Fernie J (2000) Active metal brazing of zirconia. Acta Mater 48:4673–467610.1016/S1359-6454(00)00256-1 ↗
26. N-n Yang, Shen P, Yang B, R-f Guo, Q-C Jiang (2016) Significant improvement in the wettability of ZrO2 by molten Al under the application of a direct current. Mater Des 111:158–16310.1016/j.matdes.2016.08.081 ↗
27. Lin K-F, Lin C-C (1998) Interfacial reactions between zirconia and titanium. Scr Mater 39:1333–133810.1016/S1359-6462(98)00328-5 ↗
28. Zhu J, Kamiya A, Yamada T, Shi W, Naganuma K, Mukai K (2002) Surface tension, wettability and reactivity of molten titanium in Ti/yttria-stabilized zirconia system. Mater Sci Eng A 327:117–12710.1016/S0921-5093(01)01732-4 ↗
29. Yuan ZF, Mukai K, Takagi K, Ohtaka M, Huang WL, Liu QS (2002) Surface tension and its temperature coefficient of molten tin determined with the sessile drop method at different oxygen partial pressures. J Colloid Interface Sci 254:338–34510.1006/jcis.2002.8589 ↗
30. Novakovic R, Ricci E, Amore S, Lanata T (2006) Surface and transport properties of Cu–Sn–Ti liquid alloys. Rare Met 25:457–46810.1016/S1001-0521(06)60085-5 ↗
31. Rais A, Jouaiti A, Lbibb R (2016) Surface tension investigation of Sn–Ti and Sn–Au liquids alloys. Int J Sci Res 5:1792–1797
32. Cassie A, Baxter S (1944) Wettability of porous surfaces. Trans Faraday Soc 40:546–55110.1039/tf9444000546 ↗
33. Mortensen A, Drevet B, Eustathopoulos N (1997) Kinetics of diffusion-limited spreading of sessile drops in reactive wetting. Scr Mater 36:645–65110.1016/S1359-6462(96)00431-9 ↗
34. Dezellus O, Hodaj F, Eustathopoulos N (2002) Chemical reaction-limited spreading: the triple line velocity versus contact angle relation. Acta Mater 50:4741–475310.1016/S1359-6454(02)00309-9 ↗