PdCu alloy nanoparticles supported on reduced graphene oxide for electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol
Source abstract
Abstract
PdCu nanoparticles supported on reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (PdCu/rGO) with uniform size distribution and dispersion are fabricated by a facile two-step reduction method. During the whole synthesis procedure, no capping agent or surfactant has been used. By varying the Pd/Cu molar ratio, electrocatalysts with different size distribution and dispersion of nanoparticles on graphene are prepared, and their electrocatalytic performance toward methanol oxidation reaction has been studied. It is concluded that the as-prepared electrocatalyst of Pd2Cu2/rGO, of which the Pd/Cu molar ratio is 1:1, exhibits the highest mass activity and most stable electroactivity. Compared to commercial Pd/C, the as-prepared Pd2Cu2/rGO also demonstrates 2.49 times higher mass activity and much more stable electroactivity. The excellent performance of the Pd2Cu2/rGO electrocatalyts is mainly due to the advantages of bimetallic synergistic effects and the supporting material of graphene. Owing to the advantages of high electroactivity, long stability, and cost-effectiveness, the as-prepared Pd2Cu2/rGO nanocomposites are promising anode electrocatalysts for direct methanol fuel cells.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion · Fuel Cells and Related Materials · Advanced battery technologies research
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (41)
Show source-provided references
1. Hu C, Cheng H, Zhao Y, Hu Y, Liu Y, Dai L, Qu L (2012) Newly-designed complex ternary Pt/PdCu nanoboxes anchored on three-dimensional graphene framework for highly efficient ethanol oxidation. Adv Mater 24(40):5493–549810.1002/adma.201200498 ↗
2. Zhao X, Yin M, Ma L, Liang L, Liu C, Liao J, Lu T, Xing W (2011) Recent advances in catalysts for direct methanol fuel cells. Energy Environ Sci 4(8):2736–275310.1039/c1ee01307f ↗
3. Li H-H, Fu Q-Q, Xu L, Ma S-Y, Zheng Y-R, Liu X-J, Yu S-H (2017) Highly crystalline PtCu nanotubes with three dimensional molecular accessible and restructured surface for efficient catalysis. Energy Environ Sci 10:1751–175610.1039/C7EE00573C ↗
4. Pedireddy S, Lee HK, Tjiu WW, Phang IY, Tan HR, Chua SQ, Troadec C, Ling XY (2014) One-step synthesis of zero-dimensional hollow nanoporous gold nanoparticles with enhanced methanol electrooxidation performance. Nat Commun 5:494710.1038/ncomms5947 ↗
5. Larcher D, Tarascon J-M (2015) Towards greener and more sustainable batteries for electrical energy storage. Nat Chem 7(1):19–2910.1038/nchem.2085 ↗
6. Stephens IEL, Rossmeisl J, Chorkendorff I (2016) Toward sustainable fuel cells. Science 354(6318):1378–137910.1126/science.aal3303 ↗
7. Huang H, Yang S, Vajtai R, Wang X, Ajayan PM (2014) Pt-decorated 3D architectures built from graphene and graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets as efficient methanol oxidation catalysts. Adv Mater 26(30):5160–516510.1002/adma.201401877 ↗
8. Zhang Z, Ge J, Ma L, Liao J, Lu T, Xing W (2009) Highly active carbon-supported PdSn catalysts for formic acid electrooxidation. Fuel Cells 9(2):114–12010.1002/fuce.200800074 ↗
9. Chen M, Wang ZB, Zhou K, Chu YY (2010) Synthesis of Pd/C catalyst by modified polyol process for formic acid electrooxidation. Fuel Cells 10(6):1171–117510.1002/fuce.201000046 ↗
10. Bianchini C, Shen PK (2009) Palladium-based electrocatalysts for alcohol oxidation in half cells and in direct alcohol fuel cells. Chem Rev 109(9):4183–420610.1021/cr9000995 ↗
11. Xi Z, Erdosy DP, Mendoza-Garcia A, Duchesne PN, Li J, Muzzio M, Li Q, Zhang P, Sun S (2017) Pd nanoparticles coupled to WO2.72 nanorods for enhanced electrochemical oxidation of formic acid. Nano Lett 17(4):2727–273110.1021/acs.nanolett.7b00870 ↗
12. Liu J, Ye J, Xu C, Jiang SP, Tong Y (2007) Kinetics of ethanol electrooxidation at Pd electrodeposited on Ti. Electrochem Commun 9(9):2334–233910.1016/j.elecom.2007.06.036 ↗
13. Xu C, Wang H, Shen PK, Jiang SP (2007) Highly ordered Pd nanowire arrays as effective electrocatalysts for ethanol oxidation in direct alcohol fuel cells. Adv Mater 19(23):4256–425910.1002/adma.200602911 ↗
14. Awasthi R, Singh R (2013) Graphene-supported Pd–Ru nanoparticles with superior methanol electrooxidation activity. Carbon 51:282–28910.1016/j.carbon.2012.08.055 ↗
15. Wen W, Li C, Li W, Tian Y (2013) Carbon-supported Pd–Cr electrocatalysts for the electrooxidation of formic acid that demonstrate high activity and stability. Electrochim Acta 109:201–20610.1016/j.electacta.2013.07.137 ↗
16. Yang ZS, Wu JJ (2012) Pd/Co bimetallic nanoparticles: coelectrodeposition under protection of PVP and enhanced electrocatalytic activity for ethanol electrooxidation. Fuel Cells 12(3):420–42510.1002/fuce.201100146 ↗
17. Qi Z, Geng H, Wang X, Zhao C, Ji H, Zhang C, Xu J, Zhang Z (2011) Novel nanocrystalline PdNi alloy catalyst for methanol and ethanol electro-oxidation in alkaline media. J Power Sources 196(14):5823–582810.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.02.083 ↗
18. Bambagioni V, Bianchini C, Filippi J, Oberhauser W, Marchionni A, Vizza F, Psaro R, Sordelli L, Foresti ML, Innocenti M (2009) Ethanol oxidation on electrocatalysts obtained by spontaneous deposition of palladium onto nickel–zinc materials. Chemsuschem 2(1):99–11210.1002/cssc.200800188 ↗
19. Liu Z, Zhang X, Hong L (2009) Physical and electrochemical characterizations of nanostructured Pd/C and PdNi/C catalysts for methanol oxidation. Electrochem Commun 11(4):925–92810.1016/j.elecom.2009.02.030 ↗
20. Liu J, Zhou H, Wang Q, Zeng F, Kuang Y (2012) Reduced graphene oxide supported palladium–silver bimetallic nanoparticles for ethanol electro-oxidation in alkaline media. J Mater Sci 47(5):2188–219410.1007/s10853-011-6022-6 ↗
21. Dong Q, Zhao Y, Han X, Wang Y, Liu M, Li Y (2014) Pd/Cu bimetallic nanoparticles supported on graphene nanosheets: facile synthesis and application as novel electrocatalyst for ethanol oxidation in alkaline media. Int J Hydrogen Energy 39(27):14669–1467910.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.06.139 ↗
22. Na H, Zhang L, Qiu H, Wu T, Chen M, Yang N, Li L, Xing F, Gao J (2015) A two step method to synthesize palladium–copper nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide and their extremely high electrocatalytic activity for the electrooxidation of methanol and ethanol. J Power Sources 288:160–16710.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.04.116 ↗
23. Castegnaro MV, Gorgeski A, Balke B, Alves MdCM, Morais J (2016) Charge transfer effects on the chemical reactivity of PdxCu1–x nanoalloys. Nanoscale 8(1):641–64710.1039/C5NR06685A ↗
24. Choi R, Jung J, Kim G, Song K, Kim Y-I, Jung SC, Han Y-K, Song H, Kang Y-M (2014) Ultra-low overpotential and high rate capability in Li–O2 batteries through surface atom arrangement of PdCu nanocatalysts. Energy Environ Sci 7(4):1362–136810.1039/c3ee43437k ↗
25. Zhao X, Dai L, Qin Q, Pei F, Hu C, Zheng N (2017) Self-supported 3D PdCu alloy nanosheets as a bifunctional catalyst for electrochemical reforming of ethanol. Small 13(12):160297010.1002/smll.201602970 ↗
26. Liang H-P, Guo Y-G, Zhang H-M, Hu J-S, Wan L-J, Bai C-L (2004) Controllable AuPt bimetallic hollow nanostructures. Chem Commun 13:1496–149710.1039/b402745k ↗
27. Liu Z, Zhao B, Guo C, Sun Y, Xu F, Yang H, Li Z (2009) Novel hybrid electrocatalyst with enhanced performance in alkaline media: hollow Au/Pd core/shell nanostructures with a raspberry surface. J Phys Chem C 113(38):16766–1677110.1021/jp905007r ↗
28. Labulo AH, Martincigh BS, Omondi B, Nyamori VO (2017) Advances in carbon nanotubes as efficacious supports for palladium-catalysed carbon–carbon cross-coupling reactions. J Mater Sci 52(16):9225–924810.1007/s10853-017-1128-0 ↗
29. Lee C, Wei X, Kysar JW, Hone J (2008) Measurement of the elastic properties and intrinsic strength of monolayer graphene. Science 321(5887):385–38810.1126/science.1157996 ↗
30. Balandin AA, Ghosh S, Bao W, Calizo I, Teweldebrhan D, Miao F, Lau CN (2008) Superior thermal conductivity of single-layer graphene. Nano Lett 8(3):902–90710.1021/nl0731872 ↗
31. Dai S, Zhang J, Fu Y, Li W (2018) Biothiol-mediated synthesis of Pt nanoparticles on graphene nanoplates and their application in methanol electrooxidation. J Mater Sci 53(1):423–43410.1007/s10853-017-1508-5 ↗
32. Hummers WS Jr, Offeman RE (1958) Preparation of graphitic oxide. J Am Chem Soc 80(6):133910.1021/ja01539a017 ↗
33. Cote LJ, Cruz-Silva R, Huang J (2009) Flash reduction and patterning of graphite oxide and its polymer composite. J Am Chem Soc 131(31):11027–1103210.1021/ja902348k ↗
34. Xu C, Liu A, Qiu H, Liu Y (2011) Nanoporous PdCu alloy with enhanced electrocatalytic performance. Electrochem Commun 13(8):766–76910.1016/j.elecom.2011.04.007 ↗
35. Xu C, Liu Y, Wang J, Geng H, Qiu H (2012) Nanoporous PdCu alloy for formic acid electro-oxidation. J Power Sources 199:124–13110.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.10.075 ↗
36. Hsieh M-W, Whang T-J (2013) Electrodeposition of PdCu alloy and its application in methanol electro-oxidation. Appl Surf Sci 270:252–25910.1016/j.apsusc.2013.01.012 ↗
37. Xu C, Pk Shen, Liu Y (2007) Ethanol electrooxidation on Pt/C and Pd/C catalysts promoted with oxide. J Power Sources 164(2):527–53110.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.10.071 ↗
38. Zhao J, Shao M, Yan D, Zhang S, Lu Z, Li Z, Cao X, Wang B, Wei M, Evans DG, Duan X (2013) A hierarchical heterostructure based on Pd nanoparticles/layered double hydroxide nanowalls for enhanced ethanol electrooxidation. J Mater Chem A 1(19):5840–584610.1039/c3ta10588a ↗
39. Sheng J, Kang J, Ye H, Xie J, Zhao B, Fu X, Yu Y, Sun R, Wong CP (2017) Porous octahedral PdCu nanocages as high efficient electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation reaction. J Mater Chem A 6(9):3906–391210.1039/C7TA07879J ↗
40. Liu M, Lu Y, Chen W (2013) PdAg nanorings supported on graphene nanosheets: highly methanol-tolerant cathode electrocatalyst for alkaline fuel cells. Adv Funct Mater 23(10):1289–129610.1002/adfm.201202225 ↗
41. Li F, Guo Y, Li R, Wu F, Liu Y, Sun X, Li C, Wang W, Gao J (2013) A facile method to synthesize supported Pd–Au nanoparticles using graphene oxide as the reductant and their extremely high electrocatalytic activity for the electrooxidation of methanol and ethanol. J Mater Chem A 1(22):6579–658710.1039/c3ta11139c ↗