Use of bacterial cellulose in degraded paper restoration. Part I: application on model papers
Source abstract
Abstract
The disappearance of bibliographic heritage is one of the biggest problems facing libraries. One of the most common methods used to restore paper, lining, is to apply a reinforcing layer to the document. This study focuses on lining papers with bacterial cellulose (BC) sheets from Gluconacetobacter sucrofermentans. For this purpose, several model papers have been selected. They have been characterized before and after the lining with this BC and a specific Japanese paper (JP) to compare both materials. Taking into account the differences between bacterial and vegetal cellulose is expected that the results may be similar to other BC and JP. The samples have been characterized before and after an aging process. There are no significant differences in some of the characteristics studied. Nevertheless, BC-lined papers present higher gloss values and b* coordinate. The wettability decreases with both BC and JP. However, in papers lined with BC, the wettability decreases more markedly and independently of the model paper used. This is related to the sealing of the surface structure by BC, which also leads to a reduction of air permeability. When the lined papers go through an aging process, there are no significant changes in any characteristic, except in b* and L* color coordinates. Additionally, the wettability rate decreases in all cases. This study indicates that papers lined with BC are stable over time. Finally, the use of BC as reinforcing material may offer advantages for specific conservation treatments, being more suitable for certain types of paper than JP. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Advanced Cellulose Research Studies · Material Properties and Processing · Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (42)
Show source-provided references
1. Bielecki S, Krystynowicz A, Turkiewicz M, Kalinowska H (2005) Bacterial cellulose. In: Steinbuchel A (ed) Biotechnology of polymer: from synthesis to patents. Wiley, Weinheim, pp 381–434
2. Iguchi M, Yamanaka S, Budhiono A (2000) Bacterial cellulose: a masterpiece of nature’s arts. J Mater Sci 35:261–27010.1023/A:1004775229149 ↗
3. Ramana KV, Tomar A, Singh L (2000) Effect of various carbon and nitrogen sources on cellulose synthesis by Acetobacter xylinum. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 16:245–24810.1023/A:1008958014270 ↗
4. Santos SM, Carbajo JM, Villar JC (2013) The effect of carbon and nitrogen sources on bacterial cellulose production and properties from Gluconacetobacter sucrofermentans CECT 7291 focused on its use in degraded paper restoration. BioResources 8:3630–3645
5. Jonas R, Farah LF (1998) Production and application of microbial cellulose. Polym Degrad Stab 59:101–10610.1016/S0141-3910(97)00197-3 ↗
6. Yamanaka S, Ishihara M, Sugiyama J (2000) Structural modification of bacterial cellulose. Cellulose 7:213–22510.1023/A:1009208022957 ↗
7. Brett CT (2000) Cellulose microfibrils in plants: biosynthesis, deposition and integration into the cell wall. Int Rev Cytol 199:161–19910.1016/S0074-7696(00)99004-1 ↗
8. Nakagaito AN, Nogi M, Yano H (2010) Displays from transparent films of natural nanofibers. MRS Bull 35:214–21810.1557/mrs2010.654 ↗
9. Castro C, Zuluaga R, Putaux JL, Caro G, Mondragon I, Gañán P (2011) Structural characterization of bacterial cellulose produced by Gluconacetobacter swingsii sp. from Colombian agroindustrial wastes. Carbohydr Polym 84:96–10210.1016/j.carbpol.2010.10.072 ↗
10. Brown RM Jr (1989) Bacterial Cellulose. In: Kennedy JF, Phillips GO, Williams PA (eds) Cellulose: structural and functional aspects. Ellis Horwood Ltd, New York, pp 145–151
11. Watanabe K, Eto Y, Takano S, Nakamori S, Shibai H, Yoshinaka S (1993) A new bacterial cellulose substrate for mammalian cell culture. Cytotechnology 13:107–11410.1007/BF00749937 ↗
12. Sokolnicki AM, Fischer RJ, Harrah TP, Kaplan D (2006) Permeability of bacterial cellulose membranes. J Membr Sci 272:15–2710.1016/j.memsci.2005.06.065 ↗
13. Czaja WK, Young DJ, Kawecki M, Brown RM (2007) The future prospects of microbial cellulose in biomedical applications. Biomacromolecules 8:1–1210.1021/bm060620d ↗
14. Wan W, Millon L (2005) Poly (vinyl alcohol)-bacterial cellulose nanocomposite, US Patent 2005/0037082 A1
15. Bäckdahl H, Helenius G, Bodin A, Nannmark U, Johansson BR, Risberg B, Gatenholm P (2006) Mechanical properties of bacterial cellulose and interactions with smooth muscle cells. Biomaterials 27:2141–214910.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.10.026 ↗
16. Yano S, Maeda H, Nakajima M, Hagiwara T, Sawaguchi T (2008) Preparation and mechanical properties of bacterial cellulose nanocomposites loaded with silica nanoparticles. Cellulose 15:111–12010.1007/s10570-007-9152-x ↗
17. Pommet M, Juntaro J, Heng JYY, Mantalaris A, Lee AF, Wilson K, Kalinka G, Shaffer MSP, Bismarck A (2008) Surface modification of natural fibers using bacteria: depositing bacterial cellulose onto natural fibers to create hierarchical fiber reinforced nanocomposites. Biomacromolecules 9:1643–165110.1021/bm800169g ↗
18. Surma-Ślusarska B, Danielewicz D, Presler S (2008) Properties of composites of unbeaten birch and pine sulphate pulps with bacterial cellulose. Fibres Text East Eur 16:127–129
19. Sánchez Hernampérez A (1999) Políticas de conservación en bibliotecas. Arco Libros, Madrid
20. Smook GA (1990) Handbook for pulp and paper technologists. TAPPI Press, Atlanta
21. Sjöström E, Westermark U (1999) Chemical composition of wood and pulps: basic constituents and their distribution. In: Sjöström E, Alen R (eds) Analytical methods in wood chemistry, pulping, and papermaking. Springer, New York, pp 1–1910.1007/978-3-662-03898-7_1 ↗
22. Lindström T (2009) Sizing. In: Ek M, Gellerstedt G, Henriksson G (eds) Pulp and paper chemistry and technology, vol 3., De Gruyter, Stockholm, Sweden, pp 275–31810.1515/9783110213447.275 ↗
23. Baty JW, Maitland CL, Minter W, Hubbe MA, Jordan-Mowery SK (2010) Deacidification for the conservation and preservation of paper-based works: a review. BioResources 5:1955–203310.15376/biores.5.3.1955-2023 ↗
24. Ahn K, Rosenau T, Potthast A (2013) The influence of alkaline reserve on the aging behavior of book papers. Cellulose 20:1989–200110.1007/s10570-013-9978-3 ↗
25. Ardelean E, Bobu E, Niculescu GH, Groza C (2011) Effects of different consolidation additives on ageing behavior of archived document paper. Cellul Chem Technol 45:97–103
26. Bansa H, Ishii R (1997) The effect of different strengthening methods on different kinds of paper. Restaurator 18:51–7210.1515/rest.1997.18.2.51 ↗
27. Hestrin S, Schramm M (1954) Synthesis of cellulose by Acetobacter xylinum. 2. Preparation of freeze-dried cells capable of polymerizing glucose to cellulose. Biochem J 58:345–35210.1042/bj0580345 ↗
28. Chinga-Carrasco G, Kauko H, Myllis M, Timonen J, Wang B, Zhou M, Fossum JO (2008) New advances in the 3D characterization of mineral coating layers on paper. J Microsc 232:212–22410.1111/j.1365-2818.2008.02092.x ↗
29. Owen A, Fiske B, Barrett T, McClintock TK, Volent P, Nicholson K, Kruth L, Rodger S (1988) Lining. Chap. 29 in paper conservation catalog. American Institute for Conservation Book and Paper Group, Washington D.C. http://cool.conservation-us.org/coolaic/bpg/pcc/17_sizing-resizing.pdf . Accessed 22 Mar 2013
30. Torres FG, Troncoso OP, Torres C, Grande CJ (2013) Cellulose based blends, composites and nanocomposites. In: Sabu T, Visakh PM, Mathew, Aji P (eds) Advances in natural polymers. Composites and nanocomposites. Springer, New York, pp 21–5410.1007/978-3-642-20940-6_2 ↗
31. Yamauchi T, Murakami K (2001) Porosity and gas permeability. In: Borch J, Lyne MB, Mark RE (eds) Handbook of physical testing of paper, vol 2. Springer, New York, pp 267–302
32. Swain PS, Lipowsky R (1998) Contact angle on heterogeneous surfaces: a new look at Cassie’s and Wenzel’s laws. Langmuir 14:6772–678010.1021/la980602k ↗
33. Tåg CM, Pykönen M, Rosenholm JB, Backfolk K (2009) Wettability of model fountain solutions: the influence on topo-chemical and physical properties of offset paper. J Colloid Interface Sci 330:428–43610.1016/j.jcis.2008.10.058 ↗
34. Hubbe MA, Pawlak JJ, Koukoulas AA (2008) Paper’s appearance: a review. BioResources 3:627–66510.15376/biores.3.2.627-665 ↗
35. Karlovits M, Gregor-Svetec D (2011) Comparison of durability between UV inkjet and conventional offset prints exposed to accelerated ageing. JGED 2:10–15
36. Van der Reyden D, Baker M, Hoffman C (1993) Effects of aging and solvent treatments on some properties of contemporary tracing papers. JAIC 31:177–206
37. Santos SM, Carbajo JM, Quintana E, Ibarra D, Gómez N, Ladero M, Eugenio ME, Villar JC (2015) Characterization of purified bacterial cellulose focused on its use on paper restoration. Carbohydr Polym 116:173–18110.1016/j.carbpol.2014.03.064 ↗
38. Yousefi H, Faezipour M, Hedjazi S, Mousavi MM, Azusa Y, Heidari AH (2013) Comparative study of paper and nanopaper properties prepared from bacterial cellulose nanofibres and fibres/ground cellulose nanofibres of canola straw. Ind Crop Prod 43:732–73710.1016/j.indcrop.2012.08.030 ↗
39. Moutinho I, Figueiredo M, Ferreira PJ (2004) Influência dos agentes de colagem superficial na estrutura do papel: uma análise química. In: Jiménez L, Villar JC (eds) Proceedings of III CIADICYP. INIA, Madrid, pp 377–383
40. Etzler FM, Buche M, Bobalek JF, Weiss MA (1995) Surface free energy of paper and inks: printability issues, papermakers conference. TAPPI Press, Chicago, pp 383–394
41. Ferreira PJT, Moutinho IMT, Figueiredo MML (2008) How paper topography affects contact angle measurement. In: Turrado J (ed) V Congreso Iberoamericano de Investigación en Celulosa y Papel CIADICYP 2008. Grafisma, Guadalajara, pp 66–69
42. Andersson C, Jonhed A, Järnström L (2008) Composition and film properties of temperature responsive, hydrophobically modified potato starch. Starch 60:539–55010.1002/star.200800216 ↗