A comprehensive study on optimizing and thermoregulating properties of core–shell fibrous structures through coaxial electrospinning
Source abstract
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the fabrication facility of thermoregulating core–shell fibers from various polymer solutions as the shell part which surrounded a phase change material (PCM) representing the core part. Fabrication process was drawn through coaxial electrospinning. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) were selected as the promising candidates for shell materials. n-Octadecane was loaded as the low-temperature PCM in the whole core part. The results showed that PVP had a better ability to form the core–shell structure than the other two polymers. The effect of PVP concentration solution, voltage and the flow rates of the core and shell fluid on the morphology of n-octadecane/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PCM–PVP) fibers was investigated. It was shown that there were the optimum concentration, voltage and feed rate, such that the core–shell structure could be formed without any obstacle. In addition, thermoregulation properties of the fabricated layer were examined with DSC analysis and the simulated body condition setup. DSC results illustrated the phase change enthalpy of about 80 J g−1, which was related to the PCM–PVP with the PVP concentration of 14% and the shell/core flow rate of 2.0/0.25 ml h−1. There was an encapsulation ratio of about 36%. Simulated body condition also showed the temperature difference of 10 °C between the PVP and the PCM–PVP layer at the phase change temperature, which provided valuable results for considering this layer for intelligent textiles.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Phase Change Materials Research · Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods · Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (43)
Show source-provided references
1. Farid MM, Khudhair AM, Razack SAK, Al-Hallaj S (2004) A review on phase change energy storage: materials and applications. Energ Convers Manag 45:1597–161510.1016/j.enconman.2003.09.015 ↗
2. Mondal S (2008) Phase change materials for smart textiles–An overview. Appl Therm Eng 28:1536–155010.1016/j.applthermaleng.2007.08.009 ↗
3. Sarier N, Onder E (2012) Organic phase change materials and their textile applications: an overview. Thermochim Acta 540:7–6010.1016/j.tca.2012.04.013 ↗
4. Ding B, Yu J (2014) Electrospun nanofibers for energy and environmental applications, 1st edn. Springer, New York10.1007/978-3-642-54160-5 ↗
5. Shi X, Zhou W, Ma D, Ma Q, Bridges D, Ma Y, Hu A (2015) Electrospinning of nanofibers and their applications for energy devices. J Nanomater. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/14071610.1155/2015/140716 ↗
6. McCann JT, Marquez M, Xia Y (2006) Melt coaxial electrospinning: a versatile method for the encapsulation of solid materials and fabrication of phase change nanofibers. Nano Lett 6:2868–287210.1021/nl0620839 ↗
7. Nguyen TTT, Lee JG, Park JS (2011) Fabrication and characterization of coaxial electrospun polyethylene glycol/polyvinylidene fluoride (core/sheath) composite non-woven mats. Macromol Res 19:370–37810.1007/s13233-011-0409-8 ↗
8. Wang N, Chen H, Lin L, Zhao Y, Cao X, Song Y, Jiang L (2010) Multicomponent phase change microfibers prepared by temperature control multifluidic electrospinning. Macromol Rapid Commun 31:1622–162710.1002/marc.201000185 ↗
9. Van Do C, Nguyen TTT, Park JS (2013) Phase-change core/shell structured nanofibers based on eicosane/poly (vinylidene fluoride) for thermal storage applications. Korean J Chem Eng 30:1403–140910.1007/s11814-013-0046-3 ↗
10. Van Do C, Nguyen TTT, Park JS (2012) Fabrication of polyethylene glycol/polyvinylidene fluoride core/shell nanofibers via melt electrospinning and their characteristics. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 104:131–13910.1016/j.solmat.2012.04.029 ↗
11. Hu W, Yu X (2014) Thermal and mechanical properties of bio-based PCMs encapsulated with nanofibrous structure. Renew Energy 62:454–45810.1016/j.renene.2013.07.047 ↗
12. Chen C, Zhao Y, Liu W (2013) Electrospun polyethylene glycol/cellulose acetate phase change fibers with core–sheath structure for thermal energy storage. Renew Energy 60:222–22510.1016/j.renene.2013.05.020 ↗
13. Sun S-X, Xie R, Wang X-X, Wen G-Q, Liu Z, Wang W, Ju X-J, Chu L-Y (2015) Fabrication of nanofibers with phase-change core and hydrophobic shell, via coaxial electrospinning using nontoxic solvent. J Mater Sci 50:5729–5738. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-015-9118-610.1007/s10853-015-9118-6 ↗
14. Chen C, Wang L, Huang Y (2007) Electrospinning of thermo-regulating ultrafine fibers based on polyethylene glycol/cellulose acetate composite. Polymer 48:5202–520710.1016/j.polymer.2007.06.069 ↗
15. Chen C, Wang L, Huang Y (2009) Crosslinking of the electrospun polyethylene glycol/cellulose acetate composite fibers as shape-stabilized phase change materials. Mater Lett 63:569–57110.1016/j.matlet.2008.11.033 ↗
16. Chen C, Wang L, Huang Y (2008) A novel shape-stabilized PCM: electrospun ultrafine fibers based on lauric acid/polyethylene terephthalate composite. Mater Lett 62:3515–351710.1016/j.matlet.2008.03.034 ↗
17. Chen C, Wang L, Huang Y (2008) Morphology and thermal properties of electrospun fatty acids/polyethylene terephthalate composite fibers as novel form-stable phase change materials. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 92:1382–138710.1016/j.solmat.2008.05.013 ↗
18. Chen C, Wang L, Huang Y (2009) Ultrafine electrospun fibers based on stearyl stearate/polyethylene terephthalate composite as form stable phase change materials. Chem Eng J 150:269–27410.1016/j.cej.2009.03.007 ↗
19. Chen C, Wang L, Huang Y (2009) Role of Mn of PEG in the morphology and properties of electrospun PEG/CA composite fibers for thermal energy storage. AlChE J 55:820–82710.1002/aic.11708 ↗
20. Chen C, Wang L, Huang Y (2011) Electrospun phase change fibers based on polyethylene glycol/cellulose acetate blends. Appl Energy 88:3133–313910.1016/j.apenergy.2011.02.026 ↗
21. Chen C, Liu S, Liu W, Zhao Y, Lu Y (2012) Synthesis of novel solid–liquid phase change materials and electrospinning of ultrafine phase change fibers. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 96:202–20910.1016/j.solmat.2011.09.057 ↗
22. Cai Y, Gao C, Xu X et al (2012) Electrospun ultrafine composite fibers consisting of lauric acid and polyamide 6 as form-stable phase change materials for storage and retrieval of solar thermal energy. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 103:53–6110.1016/j.solmat.2012.04.031 ↗
23. Cai Y, Ke H, Lin L, Fei X, Wei Q, Song L, Hu Y, Fong H (2012) Preparation, morphology and thermal properties of electrospun fatty acid eutectics/polyethylene terephthalate form-stable phase change ultrafine composite fibers for thermal energy storage. Energ Convers Manage. 64:245–25510.1016/j.enconman.2012.04.018 ↗
24. Cai Y, Ke H, Dong J et al (2011) Effects of nano-SiO 2 on morphology, thermal energy storage, thermal stability, and combustion properties of electrospun lauric acid/PET ultrafine composite fibers as form-stable phase change materials. Appl Energy 88:2106–211210.1016/j.apenergy.2010.12.071 ↗
25. Cai Y, Xu X, Gao C et al (2012) Effects of carbon nanotubes on morphological structure, thermal and flammability properties of electrospun composite fibers consisting of lauric acid and polyamide 6 as thermal energy storage materials. Fiber Polym 13:837–84510.1007/s12221-012-0837-x ↗
26. Seifpoor M, Nouri M, Mokhtari J (2011) Thermo-regulating nanofibers based on nylon 6, 6/polyethylene glycol blend. Fiber Polym 12:706–71410.1007/s12221-011-0706-z ↗
27. Ke H, Li D, Zhang H, Wang X, Cai Y, Huang F, Wei Q (2013) Electrospun form-stable phase change composite nanofibers consisting of capric acid-based binary fatty acid eutectics and polyethylene terephthalate. Fiber Polym 14:89–9910.1007/s12221-013-0089-4 ↗
28. Nguyen TTT, Park JS (2011) Fabrication of electrospun nonwoven mats of polyvinylidene fluoride/polyethylene glycol/fumed silica for use as energy storage materials. J Appl Polym Sci 121:3596–360310.1002/app.34148 ↗
29. Alay S, Göde F, Alkan C (2010) Preparation and characterization of poly (methylmethacrylate-coglycidyl methacrylate)/n-hexadecane nanocapsules as a fiber additive for thermal energy storage. Fiber Polym 11:1089–109310.1007/s12221-010-1089-2 ↗
30. Faridi-Majidi R, Madani M, Sharifi-Sanjani N, Khoee S, Fotouhi A (2012) Multi-phase composite nanofibers via electrospinning of latex containing nanocapsules with core-shell morphology. Polym Plast Technol Eng 51:364–36810.1080/03602559.2011.639326 ↗
31. Cai Y, Zong X, Zhang J et al (2013) Electrospun nanofibrous mats absorbed with fatty acid eutectics as an innovative type of form-stable phase change materials for storage and retrieval of thermal energy. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 109:160–16810.1016/j.solmat.2012.10.022 ↗
32. Cai Y, Gao C, Zhang T, Zhang Z, Wei Q, Du J, Hu Y, Song L (2013) Influences of expanded graphite on structural morphology and thermal performance of composite phase change materials consisting of fatty acid eutectics and electrospun PA6 nanofibrous mats. Renew Energy 57:163–17010.1016/j.renene.2013.01.044 ↗
33. Moghe A, Gupta B (2008) Co-axial electrospinning for nanofiber structures: preparation and applications. Polym Rev 48:353–37710.1080/15583720802022257 ↗
34. Wu S (1982) Polymer interface and adhesion, 1st edn. Taylor & Francis, New York
35. Li D, Xia Y (2004) Direct fabrication of composite and ceramic hollow nanofibers by electrospinning. Nano Lett 4:933–93810.1021/nl049590f ↗
36. Maleki M, Latifi M, Amani-Tehran M, Mathur S (2013) Electrospun core–shell nanofibers for drug encapsulation and sustained release. Polym Eng Sci 53:1770–177910.1002/pen.23426 ↗
37. Safavi A, Amani-Tehran M, Latifi M (2014) Evaluation of dynamic thermal behavior of fibrous layers in presence of phase change material microcapsules. Thermochim Acta 594:16–2310.1016/j.tca.2014.08.009 ↗
38. He CL, Huang ZM, Han XJ, Liu L, Zhang HS, Chen LS (2006) Coaxial electrospun poly (l-lactic acid) ultrafine fibers for sustained drug delivery. J Macromol Sci B 45:515–52410.1080/00222340600769832 ↗
39. Díaz JE, Fernández-Nieves A, Barrero A, Márquez M, Loscertales IG (2008) Fabrication of structured micro and nanofibers by coaxial electrospinning. J Phys Conf Ser. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/127/1/01200810.1088/1742-6596/127/1/012008 ↗
40. Nunes J, Tsai S, Wan J, Stone H (2013) Dripping and jetting in microfluidic multiphase flows applied to particle and fibre synthesis. J Phys D Appl Phys. https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/46/11/11400210.1088/0022-3727/46/11/114002 ↗
41. Dror Y, Salalha W, Avrahami R, Zussman E, Yarin A, Dersch R, Greiner A, Wendorff J (2007) One-step production of polymeric microtubes by co-electrospinning. Small 3:1064–107310.1002/smll.200600536 ↗
42. Arinstein A, Avrahami R, Zussman E (2009) Buckling behaviour of electrospun microtubes: a simple theoretical model and experimental observations. J Phys D Appl Phys. https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/42/1/01550710.1088/0022-3727/42/1/015507 ↗
43. Zhang H, Wang X, Wu D (2010) Silica encapsulation of n-octadecane via sol–gel process: a novel microencapsulated phase-change material with enhanced thermal conductivity and performance. J Colloid Interface Sci 343:246–25510.1016/j.jcis.2009.11.036 ↗