Structural and spectroscopic behaviour of Eu3+-doped SrGd2O4 modified by thermal treatments
Source abstract
Abstract
Herein, SrGd2O4:Eu3+ phosphors were synthesized by homogeneous precipitation method followed by combustion process. With an increase in processing temperature from 800 to 1200 °C, these phosphors showed a systematic change from a mixed low crystalline phase to a highly crystalline single phase. The samples, annealed at 1200 °C, were crystallized into orthorhombic phase without any impurities. Microscopic studies revealed the irregular morphology of the obtained phosphor particles having sizes in the range of 0.5–5 μm. UV-excited phosphors exhibited strong red emissions owing to the homogeneous occupation of Eu3+ ions in the host. With the enhancement in Eu3+ concentrations up to 4 mol%, the emission intensity was observed to increase systemically, and decreased above 4 mol% owing to the concentration quenching. The critical distance for the quenching mechanism was calculated to be 17.11 A suggesting multipolar interactions between Eu3+ ions. The dominant red-to-orange intensity ratios (2.59) and Judd–Ofelt parameters of Eu3+ ions supported the strong covalent nature and site-occupation of higher asymmetry sites of Gd3+ ions. The red colour purity was increased with Eu3+ concentration and obtained to be 95 % for SrGd2O4:4 mol% Eu3+ sample. Efficient red emission with high colour purity and elevated chemical durability indicated the suitability of SrGd2O4:Eu3+ phosphor for display applications.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials · Microwave Dielectric Ceramics Synthesis · Glass properties and applications
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (70)
Show source-provided references
1. Ronda CR, Jüstel T, Nikol H (1998) Rare earth phosphors: fundamentals and applications. J Alloy Compd 275–277:669–67610.1016/S0925-8388(98)00416-2 ↗
2. Arul Antony S, Nagaraja KS, Reddy GLN, Sreedharan OM (2001) A polymeric gel cum auto combustion method for the lower temperature synthesis of SrR2O4 (R = Y, La, Sm, Eu, Gd, Er or Yb). Mater Lett 51:414–41910.1016/S0167-577X(01)00329-9 ↗
3. Raju GSR, Yu JS (2014) Novel orange and reddish-orange color emitting BaGd2O4:Sm3+ nanophosphors by solvothermal reaction for LED and FED applications. Spectrochim Acta A 124:383–38810.1016/j.saa.2014.01.016 ↗
4. Zhou L, Shi J, Gong M (2007) Synthesis and luminescent properties of BaGd2O4: Eu3+ phosphor. J Phys Chem Solids 68:1471–147510.1016/j.jpcs.2007.03.014 ↗
5. Marí B, Singh KC, Sahal M, Khatkar SP, Taxak VB, Kumar M (2011) Characterization and photoluminescence properties of some MLn2(1−x)O4:2xEu3+ or 2xTb3+ systems (M = Ba or Sr, Ln = Gd or La). J Lumin 131:587–59110.1016/j.jlumin.2010.10.035 ↗
6. Sharma KG, Singh NS, Devi YR, Singh NR, Singh SD (2013) Effects of annealing on luminescence of CaWO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles and its thermoluminescence study. J Alloy Compd 556:94–10110.1016/j.jallcom.2012.12.087 ↗
7. Lai Xin, Wei Yanyan, Qin Dan, Zhao Yan, Yun Wu, Gao Daojiang, Bi Jian, Lin Dunmin, Guangliang Xu (2012) Hydrothermal synthesis of Ca(1 − 3x/2)Tb x WO4 microcrystallines and their luminescent properties. Integr Ferroelectr 140:177–18610.1080/10584587.2012.741910 ↗
8. Gao D, Li Y, Lai X, Wei Y, Bi J, Li Y, Liu M (2011) Fabrication and luminescence properties of Dy3+ doped CaMoO4 powders. Mater Chem Phys 126:391–39710.1016/j.matchemphys.2010.10.053 ↗
9. Jeong Y-K, Sohn Y, Kang J-G (2014) Synthesis and characterization of Eu(III)-incorporated silica nanoparticles for application to UV-LED. J Colloid Interface Sci 423:41–4710.1016/j.jcis.2014.02.012 ↗
10. Kang J-S, Jeong Y-K, Kang J-G, Zhao L, Sohn Y, Pradhan D, Leung KT (2015) Observation of mediated cascade energy transfer in europium-doped ZnO nanowalls by 1,10-phenanthroline. J Phys Chem C 119:2142–214710.1021/jp5090795 ↗
11. Lv L, Wang J, Wang W, Han L (2015) Microstructure control by Y3+ ions doping in CaMoO4:Eu3+: Tunable optical and luminescent performance. J Alloy Compd 635:25–3310.1016/j.jallcom.2015.02.085 ↗
12. Tian Y, Chen B, Hua R, Sun J, Cheng L, Zhong H, Li X, Zhang J, Zheng Y, Tingting Y, Huang L, Yu H (2011) Optical transition, electron-phonon coupling and fluorescent quenching of La2(MoO4)3:Eu3+ phosphor. J Appl Phys 109:053511–05351710.1063/1.3551584 ↗
13. Tian Y, Tian B, Chen B, Cui C, Huang P, Wang L, Hua R (2014) Morphological tuning and enhanced luminescence of NaEuF4 nano/submicro-crystals. Appl Surf Sci 313:504–51110.1016/j.apsusc.2014.06.013 ↗
14. Som S, Kunti AK, Kumar V, Kumar V, Dutta S, Chowdhury M, Sharma SK, Terblans JJ, Swart HC (2014) Defect correlated fluorescent quenching and electron phonon coupling in the spectral transition of Eu3+ in CaTiO3 for red emission in display application. J Appl Phys 115:193101–19311510.1063/1.4876316 ↗
15. Chowdhury M, Sharma SK (2015) Spectroscopic behaviour of Eu3+ in SnO2 for tunable red emission in solid state lighting devices. RSC Adv 5:51102–5110910.1039/C5RA05360A ↗
16. Dutta S, Som S, Sharma SK (2015) Excitation spectra and luminescence decay analysis of K+ compensated Dy3+ doped CaMoO4 phosphors. RSC Adv 5:7380–738710.1039/C4RA12447B ↗
17. Raju GSR, Pavitra E, Yu JS (2014) Cross-relaxation induced tunable emissions from the Tm3+/Er3+/Eu3+ ions activated BaGd2O4 nanoneedles. Dalton Trans 43:9766–977610.1039/c4dt00656a ↗
18. Sun X-Y, Wang W-F, Sun S-Q, Lin L-W, Li D-Y, Zhou L-P (2013) Synthesis and luminescent properties of novel BaGd2O4:Eu3+ scintillating phosphor. Luminescence 28:384–39110.1002/bio.2394 ↗
19. Besara T, Lundberg MS, Sun J, Ramirez D, Dong L, Whalen JB, Vasquez R, Herrera JF, Allen MD, Siegrist T (2014) Single crystal synthesis and magnetism of the BaLn2O4 family (Ln = lanthanide). Prog Solid State Chem 42:23–3610.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2014.05.001 ↗
20. Wang D, Wang Y, Wang L (2007) Photoluminescence properties of Sr(Y, Gd)2O4: Eu3+ under VUV excitation. J Lumin 126:135–13810.1016/j.jlumin.2006.06.001 ↗
21. Reddy AA, Das S, Ahmad SS, Babu S, Ferreirab JM, Prakasha GV (2012) Influence of the annealing temperatures on the photoluminescence of KCaBO3:Eu3+ phosphor. RSC Adv 2:8768–877610.1039/c2ra20866k ↗
22. Zuoling F, Zhou S, Zhang S (2006) Preparation and optical properties of trivalent europium-doped bulk and nanocrystalline SrY2O4. J Opt Soc Am B 23(9):77–83
23. Maekawa T, Kurosaki K, Yamanaka S (2007) Thermophysical properties of BaY2O4: a new candidate material for thermal barrier coatings. Mater Lett 61:2303–230610.1016/j.matlet.2006.08.073 ↗
24. Zuoling F, Zhou S, Zhang S (2006) Preparation and optical properties of trivalent europium-doped bulk and nanocrystalline SrY2O4. J Opt Soc Am B 23(9):1853–1858
25. Karunadasa H, Huang Q, Ueland BG, Lynn JW, Schiffer P, Regan KA, Cava RJ (2005) Honeycombs of triangles and magnetic frustration in SrL2O4 (L = Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb). Phys Rev B 71:144414–14442210.1103/PhysRevB.71.144414 ↗
26. Lakshminarasimhan N, Varadaraju UV (2008) Role of crystallite size on the photoluminescence properties of SrIn2O4:Eu3+ phosphor synthesized by different methods. J Solid State Chem 181:2418–242310.1016/j.jssc.2008.06.005 ↗
27. Wang H, Tian L (2011) Luminescence properties of SrIn2O4:Eu3+ incorporated with Gd3+ or Sm3+ ions. J Alloy Compd 509:2659–266210.1016/j.jallcom.2010.12.001 ↗
28. Sun XY, Liu Y, Liu XL, Cao R-P, Li Y-N, Lin L-W (2014) Substitution of Y3+ for Gd3+ on the luminescent properties of BaGd2O4:Eu3+ scintillating phosphors. Opt Mater 36:1478–148310.1016/j.optmat.2014.03.044 ↗
29. Ekambaram S, Patil KC (1997) Synthesis and properties of Eu2+ activated blue phosphors. J Alloy Compd 248:7–1210.1016/S0925-8388(96)02622-9 ↗
30. Li X, Odoom-Wubah T, Chen Z, Zheng B, Huang Jiale (2014) Ethanol-dependent solvothermal synthesis of monodispersed YAG powders with precursor obtained through bubbling ammonia. Ceram Int 40(10):16317–1632110.1016/j.ceramint.2014.07.070 ↗
31. Caglar Y, Ilican S, Caglar M, Yakuphanoglu F, Wu J, Gao K, Lu P, Xue D (2009) Influence of heat treatment on the nanocrystalline structure of ZnO film deposited on p-Si. J Alloy Compd 481:885–88910.1016/j.jallcom.2009.03.140 ↗
32. Sengupta J, Sahoo RK, Bardhan KK, Mukherjee CD (2011) Influence of annealing temperature on the structural, topographical and optical properties of sol–gel derived ZnO thin films. Mater Lett 65:2572–257410.1016/j.matlet.2011.06.021 ↗
33. Pal PP, Manam J (2013) Photoluminescence and thermoluminescence studies of Tb3+ doped ZnO nanorods. Mat Sci Eng B 178:400–40810.1016/j.mseb.2013.01.006 ↗
34. Wang WN, Widiyastuti T, Lenggoro W, Okuyama K (2007) Correlations between crystallite/particle Size and photoluminescence properties of sub micrometer phosphors. Chem Mater 19:1723–173010.1021/cm062887p ↗
35. Syu J-R, Kumar S, Das S, Lu C-H (2012) Micro emulsion-mediated synthesis and characterization of YBO3:Ce3+ phosphors. J Am Ceram Soc 95(6):1814–181710.1111/j.1551-2916.2012.05223.x ↗
36. Meltzer RS (1999) Dependence of fluorescence lifetimes of Y2O3:Eu3+ nanoparticles on the surrounding medium. Phys Rev B 60(20):14012–1401510.1103/PhysRevB.60.R14012 ↗
37. Marciniak L, Stefanski M, Tomala R, Hreniak D, Strek W (2015) Size effect in luminescent properties of LiNdP4O12 nanocrystals. Opt Mater 41:17–2010.1016/j.optmat.2014.09.023 ↗
38. Georgescu S, Cotoi E, Voiculescu AM, Toma O (2008) Effects of particle size on the luminescence of YVO4: Eu nanocrtstals. Rom Rep Phys 60(4):947–955
39. Sangawar VS, Bhagat RN (2013) Synthesis and structural properties of poly ethylene oxide complexed with cadmium sulphide. Int J Innov Res Sci Eng Technol 2(11):6539–6547
40. Palayangoda SS, Nguyen QP (2012) An ATR-FTIR procedure for quantitative analysis of mineral constituent and kerogen in oil shale. Oil Shale 29(4):344–35610.3176/oil.2012.4.05 ↗
41. Adamczyk NM, Dameron AA, George SM (2008) Molecular layer deposition of Poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) films using terephthaloyl chloride and p-phenylenediamine. Langmuir 24(5):2081–208910.1021/la7025279 ↗
42. Shao L, Shu J, Ma R, Shui M, Hou L, Wu KQ, Wang D, Ren Y (2013) Electrochemical characteristics and intercalation mechanism of manganese carbonate as anode material for Lithium-ion batteries. Int J Electrochem Sci 8:1170–118010.1016/S1452-3981(23)14089-2 ↗
43. Rangelova N, Radev L, Nenkova S, Miranda IM, Salvado MH, Fernandes V, Herzog M (2011) Methylcellulose/SiO2 hybrids: sol-gel preparation and characterization by XRD, FTIR and AFM. Cent Eur J Chem 9(1):112–11810.2478/s11532-010-0123-y ↗
44. de Carvalho LMG, de Abreu WC, Silva MDGDO, Oliveira JRDO, Oliveira JED, Matos JMED, Moura CVRD, Moura EMD (2013) Heterogeneous catalysis afford biodiesel of babassu, castor oil and blends. J Braz Chem Soc 24(4):550–557
45. Dhananjay N, Nagabhusana H, Nagabhushana BM, Rudraswamy B, Shivkumara C, Chakradhar RPS (2012) Spherical and rod-like Gd2O3:Eu3+ nanophosphors structural and luminescent properties. Bull Mater Sci 35(4):519–52710.1007/s12034-012-0330-6 ↗
46. Raju GSR, Pavitra E, Yu JS (2014) Pechini synthesis of lanthanide (Eu3+/Tb3+or Dy3+) ions activated BaGd2O4 nanostructured phosphors: an approach for tunable emissions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 16:18124–1814010.1039/C4CP02266A ↗
47. Carnall WT, Fields PR, Rajnak K (1968) Electronic energy levels in the trivalent lanthanide aquo ions. I. Pr3+, Nd3+, Pm3+, Sm3+, Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+, and Tm3+. J Chem Phys 49(10):4424–444210.1063/1.1669893 ↗
48. Carnall WT, Fields PR, Rajnak K (1968) Spectral intensities of the trivalent lanthanides and actinides in solution. II. Pm3+, Sm3+, Eu3+, Gd3+, Tb3+, Dy3+and Ho3+. J Chem Phys 49(10):4412–442310.1063/1.1669892 ↗
49. Zhang J, Wang Y, Guo L, Huang Y (2012) Vacuum ultraviolet–ultraviolet, x-ray, and near-infrared excited luminescence properties of SrR2O4:RE3+ (R = Y and Gd; RE = Tb, Eu, Yb, Tm, Er, and Ho). J Am Ceram Soc 95(1):243–24910.1111/j.1551-2916.2011.04763.x ↗
50. Wang Z, Zhong J, Liang H, Wang J (2013) Luminescence properties of lutetium based red emitting phosphor NaLu(WO4)2:Eu3+. Opt Mater Express 3(3):418–42510.1364/OME.3.000418 ↗
51. Bettentrup H, Eskola KO, Hölsä J, Kotlov A, Lastusaari M, Malkamäki M (2010) Luminescence properties of Eu3+ and TiIV/ZrIV doped yttrium oxysulfides (Y2O2S:Eu3+, TiIV/ZrIV). IOP Conf Ser 15:012085–01209210.1088/1757-899X/15/1/012085 ↗
52. Shilpa CJ, Jayaram AK, Dhananjaya N, Nagabhushana H, Prashantha SC, Sunitha DV, Sharma SC, Shivakumara C, Nagabhushana BM (2014) GdAlO3:Eu3+:Bi3+ nanophosphor: Synthesis and enhancement of red emission for WLEDs. Spectrochim Acta A 133:550–55810.1016/j.saa.2014.05.082 ↗
53. Musbah SS, Radojević VJ, Borna NV, Stojanović DB, Dramićanin MD, Marinkovć AD, Aleksić RR (2011) PMMA–Y2O3 (Eu3+) nanocomposites: optical and mechanical properties. J Serb Chem Soc 76(8):1153–116110.2298/JSC100330094M ↗
54. Zhang Y, Geng D, Shang M, Zhang X, Li X, Cheng Z, Liana H, Lin J (2013) Soft-chemical synthesis and tunable luminescence of Tb3+, Tm3+/Dy3+-doped SrY2O4 phosphors for field emission displays. Dalton Trans 42:4799–480810.1039/c2dt32592f ↗
55. Shinde KN, Singh R, Dhoble SJ (2014) Luminescence optimization of Y0.94−x Eu0.06VO4: M x (M = Zn, Al, Bi) red phosphors by the solution combustion method. J Lumin 145:588–59410.1016/j.jlumin.2013.07.072 ↗
56. Chang Y-S, Huang F-M, Tsai Y-Y, Teoh L-G (2009) Synthesis and photoluminescent properties of YVO4:Eu3+ nano-crystal phosphor prepared by pechini process. J Lumin 129:1181–118510.1016/j.jlumin.2009.05.020 ↗
57. Yang S-H, Yen C-H, Lin C-M, Chiang P-J (2015) Energy transfer mechanism and luminescence properties of color tunable LaPO4:Tm, Eu phosphor. Ceram Int 41:8211–821510.1016/j.ceramint.2015.02.042 ↗
58. http://www.hunterlab.com/appnotes/an0505.pdf for specific color index. Accessed 20 Mar 2014
59. http://www.madebydelta.com/imported/images/documents/ICAM/I103%20Dominant%20Wavelength.pdf for the dominant wavelength and color purity of the emitted color. Accessed 12 Mar 2014
60. Luo W, Liao J, Li R, Chen X (2010) Determination of Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters from the excitation spectra for rare-earth doped luminescent materials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:3276–328210.1039/b921581f ↗
61. Kodaira CA, Brito HF, Felinto MCF (2003) Luminescence investigation of Eu3+ ion in the RE2(WO4)3 matrix (RE = La and Gd) produced using the pechini method. J Solid State Chem 171:401–40710.1016/S0022-4596(02)00221-9 ↗
62. Som S, Choubey A, Sharma SK (2012) Luminescence studies of rare earth doped yttrium gadolinium mixed oxide phosphor. Phys B 407:3515–351910.1016/j.physb.2012.05.012 ↗
63. Judd BR (1962) Optical absorption intensities of rare-earth ions. Phys Rev 127:750–76110.1103/PhysRev.127.750 ↗
64. Ofelt GS (1962) Intensities of crystal spectra of rare earth ions. J Chem Phys 37:511–52010.1063/1.1701366 ↗
65. Swapna K, Mahamuda S, Sasikala AS, Packiyaraj T, Moorthy LR, Prakash GV (2014) Luminescence characterization of Eu3+ doped Zinc Alumino Bismuth Borate glasses for visible red emission applications. J Lumin 156:80–8610.1016/j.jlumin.2014.07.022 ↗
66. Marcantonatos MD (1986) Multiphonon non-radiative relaxation rates and Judd–Ofelt parameters of lanthanide ions in various solid hosts. J Chem Soc, Faraday Trans 82(2):381–39310.1039/F29868200381 ↗
67. Karthikeyan B, Balachandrakumar K, Sakthiraj K, Rajamanickam N (2014–2015) Optical and electrical behavior of nanocrystalline forsterite Mg2−x Zn x SiO4. Int J Chem Tech Res 7(3):1445–145110.1155/2015/846840 ↗
68. Pal PP, Manam J (2014) Enhanced luminescence of ZnO: RE3+ (RE = Eu, Tb) nanorods by Li+ doping and calculations of kinetic parameters. J Lumin 145:340–35010.1016/j.jlumin.2013.08.004 ↗
69. Singh J, Baitha PK, Manam J (2015) Influence of heat treatment on the structural and optical properties of SrGd2O4:Eu3+ phosphor. J Rare Earths 33(10):1040–105010.1016/S1002-0721(14)60524-X ↗
70. Pal PP, Manam J (2013) Structural and photoluminescence studies of Eu3+ doped zinc oxide nanorods prepared by precipitation method. J Rare Earths 31(1):37–4210.1016/S1002-0721(12)60231-2 ↗