journal article·2015-10Open access

Graphene as a lubricant on Ag for electrical contact applications

Fang Mao, Urban Wiklund, Anna M. Andersson, Ulf Jansson

Journal of Materials Science· Volume 50· Issue 19

Abstract

The potential of graphene as a solid lubricant in sliding Ag-based electrical contacts has been investigated. Graphene was easily and quickly deposited by evaporating a few droplets of a commercial graphene solution in air. The addition of graphene reduced the friction coefficient in an Ag/Ag contact with a factor of ~10. The lubricating effect was maintained for more than 150,000 cycles in a pin-on-disk test at 1 N. A reduction in friction coefficient was also observed with other counter surfaces such as steel and W but the life time was strongly dependent on the materials combination. Ag/Ag contacts exhibited a significantly longer life time than steel/Ag and W/Ag contacts. The trend was explained by an increased affinity for metal–carbon bond formation.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Lubricants and Their Additives · Electrical Contact Performance and Analysis · Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (27)

Show source-provided references
1. Arnell S, Andersson G (2001) Silver iodide as a solid lubricant for power contacts. In: Proceedings of the forty-seventh IEEE holm conference on electrical contacts, 239–244. doi: 10.1109/holm.2001.95321710.1109/HOLM.2001.953217 ↗
2. Lauridsen J, Eklund P, Lu J, Knutsson A, Odén M, Mannerbro R, Andersson AM, Hultman L (2012) Microstructural and chemical analysis of AgI coatings used as a solid lubricant in electrical sliding contacts. Tribol Lett 46(2):187–193. doi: 10.1007/s11249-012-9938-310.1007/s11249-012-9938-3 ↗
3. Sundberg J, Mao F, Andersson A, Wiklund U, Jansson U (2013) Solution-based synthesis of AgI coatings for low-friction applications. J Mater Sci 48(5):2236–2244. doi: 10.1007/s10853-012-6999-510.1007/s10853-012-6999-5 ↗
4. Gao Y, Hao P (2009) Mechanical properties of monolayer graphene under tensile and compressive loading. Physica E 41(8):1561–1566. doi: 10.1016/j.physe.2009.04.03310.1016/j.physe.2009.04.033 ↗
5. Geim AK (2009) Graphene: status and prospects. Science 324(5934):1530–1534. doi: 10.1126/science.115887710.1126/science.1158877 ↗
6. Lee C, Wei X, Kysar JW, Hone J (2008) Measurement of the elastic properties and intrinsic strength of monolayer graphene. Science 321(5887):385–388. doi: 10.2307/2005453210.1126/science.1157996 ↗
7. Stankovich S, Dikin DA, Dommett GHB, Kohlhaas KM, Zimney EJ, Stach EA, Piner RD, Nguyen ST, Ruoff RS (2006) Graphene-based composite materials. Nature 442(7100):282–286. doi: 10.1038/nature0496910.1038/nature04969 ↗
8. Choudhary S, Mungse HP, Khatri OP (2012) Dispersion of alkylated graphene in organic solvents and its potential for lubrication applications. J Mater Chem 22(39):21032–21039. doi: 10.1039/c2jm34741e10.1039/c2jm34741e ↗
9. Kandanur SS, Rafiee MA, Yavari F, Schrameyer M, Yu Z-Z, Blanchet TA, Koratkar N (2012) Suppression of wear in graphene polymer composites. Carbon 50(9):3178–3183. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2011.10.03810.1016/j.carbon.2011.10.038 ↗
10. Lee C, Wei X, Li Q, Carpick R, Kysar JW, Hone J (2009) Elastic and frictional properties of graphene. Phys Status Solidi B 246(11–12):2562–2567. doi: 10.1002/pssb.20098232910.1002/pssb.200982329 ↗
11. Lin J, Wang L, Chen G (2011) Modification of graphene platelets and their tribological properties as a lubricant additive. Tribol Lett 41(1):209–215. doi: 10.1007/s11249-010-9702-510.1007/s11249-010-9702-5 ↗
12. Sandoz-Rosado EJ, Tertuliano OA, Terrell EJ (2012) An atomistic study of the abrasive wear and failure of graphene sheets when used as a solid lubricant and a comparison to diamond-like-carbon coatings. Carbon 50(11):4078–4084. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2012.04.05510.1016/j.carbon.2012.04.055 ↗
13. Berman D, Erdemir A, Sumant AV (2014) Graphene as a protective coating and superior lubricant for electrical contacts. Appl Phys Lett 105(23):231907. doi: 10.1063/1.490393310.1063/1.4903933 ↗
14. Berman D, Erdemir A, Sumant AV (2013) Few layer graphene to reduce wear and friction on sliding steel surfaces. Carbon 54:454–459. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2012.11.06110.1016/j.carbon.2012.11.061 ↗
15. Berman D, Erdemir A, Sumant AV (2013) Reduced wear and friction enabled by graphene layers on sliding steel surfaces in dry nitrogen. Carbon 59:167–175. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2013.03.00610.1016/j.carbon.2013.03.006 ↗
16. Ferrari AC, Robertson J (2000) Interpretation of Raman spectra of disordered and amorphous carbon. Phys Rev B 61(20):14095–1410710.1103/PhysRevB.61.14095 ↗
17. Pócsik I, Hundhausen M, Koós M, Ley L (1998) Origin of the D peak in the Raman spectrum of microcrystalline graphite. J Non-Cryst Solids 227–230, Part 2 (0):1083–1086. doi: 10.1016/S0022-3093(98)00349-410.1016/S0022-3093(98)00349-4 ↗
18. Ferrari AC (2007) Raman spectroscopy of graphene and graphite: disorder, electron–phonon coupling, doping and nonadiabatic effects. Solid State Commun 143(1–2):47–57. doi: 10.1016/j.ssc.2007.03.05210.1016/j.ssc.2007.03.052 ↗
19. Ferrari AC, Meyer JC, Scardaci V, Casiraghi C, Lazzeri M, Mauri F, Piscanec S, Jiang D, Novoselov KS, Roth S, Geim AK (2006) Raman spectrum of graphene and graphene layers. Phys Rev Lett. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.187401
20. Muralha VSF, Rehren T, Clark RJH (2011) Characterization of an iron smelting slag from Zimbabwe by Raman microscopy and electron beam analysis. J Raman Spectrosc 42(12):2077–2084. doi: 10.1002/jrs.296110.1002/jrs.2961 ↗
21. Voevodin AA, O’Neill JP, Zabinski JS (1999) Tribological performance and tribochemistry of nanocrystalline WC/amorphous diamond-like carbon composites. Thin Solid Films 342(1–2):194–200. doi: 10.1016/S0040-6090(98)01456-410.1016/S0040-6090(98)01456-4 ↗
22. Ferrah D, Penuelas J, Bottela C, Grenet G, Ouerghi A (2013) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and diffraction (XPD) study of a few layers of graphene on 6H-SiC(0001). Surf Sci 615:47–56. doi: 10.1016/j.susc.2013.04.00610.1016/j.susc.2013.04.006 ↗
23. Aizawa T, Hishita S, Tanaka T, Otani S (2011) Surface reconstruction of W2C(0001). J Phys-Condens Mat 23(30):30500710.1088/0953-8984/23/30/305007 ↗
24. Castro Neto AH, Guinea F, Peres NMR, Novoselov KS, Geim AK (2009) The electronic properties of graphene. Rev Mod Phys 81(1):109–16210.1103/RevModPhys.81.109 ↗
25. Xu Z, Buehler MJ (2010) Interface structure and mechanics between graphene and metal substrates: a first-principles study. J Phys 22(48):485301
26. Giovannetti G, Khomyakov PA, Brocks G, Karpan VM, van den Brink J, Kelly PJ (2008) Doping graphene with metal contacts. Phys Rev Lett 101(2):02680310.1103/PhysRevLett.101.026803 ↗
27. Andersen M, Hornekær L, Hammer B (2012) Graphene on metal surfaces and its hydrogen adsorption: a meta-GGA functional study. Phys Rev B 86(8):08540510.1103/PhysRevB.86.085405 ↗