Nanoindentation-based study of the micro-mechanical properties, structure, and hydration degree of slag-blended cementitious materials
Source abstract
Abstract
Understanding the interplay between the micro-mechanical properties and the microstructure of cementitious materials can provide a basis for intelligently designing concrete with enhanced properties. In this study, the nanoindentation technique is used to measure the micro-mechanical properties of single phases through discrete nanoindentation and the properties over large areas of hardened pastes through grid nanoindentation. Comparisons are made between pastes with water-to-cementitious materials (w/cm) ratio by mass of 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 and the slag content of 0, 50, and 70 % for w/cm = 0.3 paste, to illustrate their differences on the phase distribution and the micro-mechanical properties. Significant portion of composite phase is found in slag-blended paste. A three-phase model is used to determine the volume fraction of the unhydrated phase included in the composite. A nanoindentation-based methodology is proposed to calculate the degree of hydration of Portland cement and slag-blended cement pastes. The results are then compared with the degree of hydration quantified by using thermo-gravimetric analysis and the backscattered electron image analysis methods.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Concrete and Cement Materials Research · Innovative concrete reinforcement materials · Concrete Properties and Behavior
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (35)
Show source-provided references
1. Oliver WC, Pharr GM (1992) An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments. Mater Res 7:1564–158210.1557/JMR.1992.1564 ↗
2. Trtik P, Munch B, Lura P (2009) A critical examination of statistical nanoindentation on model materials and hardened cement pastes based on virtual experiments. Cem Concr Compos 31(10):705–71410.1016/j.cemconcomp.2009.07.001 ↗
3. Chen JJ, Sorelli L, Vandamme M, Ulm FJ, Chanvillard G (2010) A coupled nanoindentation/SEM-EDS study on low water/cement ratio Portland cement paste: evidence for C-S-H/Ca(OH)2 nanocomposites. J Am Ceram Soc 93(5):1484–149310.1111/j.1551-2916.2009.03599.x ↗
4. Zadeh VZ, Bobko CP (2013) Nanoscale mechanical properties of concrete containing blast furnace slag and fly ash before and after thermal damage. Cem Concr Compos 3:215–22110.1016/j.cemconcomp.2012.09.003 ↗
5. DeJong MJ, Ulm FJ (2007) The nanogranular behavior of C-S-H at elevated temperatures. Cem Concr Res 37(1):1–1210.1016/j.cemconres.2006.09.006 ↗
6. Venkovic K, Sorelli L, Martirena F (2014) Nanoindentation study of calcium silicate hydrates in concrete produced with effective microorganisms-based bioplasticizer. Cem Concr Compos 49:127–13910.1016/j.cemconcomp.2013.12.003 ↗
7. Langan BW, Wang K, Ward MA (2012) Effects of silica fume and fly ash on heat of hydration of portland cement. Cem Concr Res 32(7):1045–105110.1016/S0008-8846(02)00742-1 ↗
8. Zhang Y, Sun W, Lin S (2002) Study of the heat of hydration of binder paste in high performance concrete. Cem Concr Res 32(9):1483–148810.1016/S0008-8846(02)00810-4 ↗
9. Lumley JS, Gollop RS, Moir GK (1996) Degrees of reaction of the slag in some blends with Portland cements. Cem Concr Res 26(1):139–15110.1016/0008-8846(95)00190-5 ↗
10. Feng X, Garboczia EJ, Bentza DP, Stutzmana PE, Mason TO (2004) Estimation of the degree of hydration of blended cement pastes by a scanning electron microscope point-counting procedure. Cem Concr Res 34(10):1787–179310.1016/j.cemconres.2004.01.014 ↗
11. Kjellsen KO, Detwiler RJ, Gjorv OE (1990) Backscattered electron imaging of cement pastes hydrated at different temperatures. Cem Concr Res 20(2):308–31110.1016/0008-8846(90)90085-C ↗
12. Kocaba V, Gallucci E, Scrivener K (2012) Methods for determination of degree of reaction of slag in blended cement pastes. Cem Concr Res 42:511–52510.1016/j.cemconres.2011.11.010 ↗
13. Hu C, Li Z, Gao Y, Han Y, Zhang Y (2013) Investigation on microstructures of cementitious composites incorporating slag. Adv Cem Res 26(4):222–23210.1680/adcr.13.00029 ↗
14. Miller M, Bobko C, Vandamme M, Ulm FJ (2008) Surface roughness criteria for cement paste nanoindentation. Cem Concr Res 38:467–47610.1016/j.cemconres.2007.11.014 ↗
15. Constantinides G, Ulm FJ (2004) The effect of two types of C-S-H on the elasticity of cement-based materials: results from nanoindentation and micromechanical modeling. Cem Concr Res 34(1):67–8010.1016/S0008-8846(03)00230-8 ↗
16. Constantinides G, Ulm FJ, Van Vliet K (2003) On the use of nanoindentation for cementitious materials. Mater Struct 36:191–19610.1007/BF02479557 ↗
17. Melo Neto AA, Cincotto MA, Repette W (2008) Drying and autogenous shrinkage of pastes and mortars with activated slag cement. Cem Concr Res 38:565–57410.1016/j.cemconres.2007.11.002 ↗
18. Hughes JJ, Trtik P (2004) Micro-mechanical properties of cement paste measured by depth-sensing nanoindentation: a preliminary correlation of physical properties with phase type. Mater Charact 53:223–23110.1016/j.matchar.2004.08.014 ↗
19. Scrivener K (2006) Backscattered Electron Imaging of cementitious microstructures: understanding and quantification. Cem Concr Compos 26:935–94510.1016/j.cemconcomp.2004.02.029 ↗
20. Jennings HM (2008) Refinements to colloid model of C-S-H in cement: CM-II. Cem Concr Res 38:275–28910.1016/j.cemconres.2007.10.006 ↗
21. Harrisson AM, Winter NB, Taylor H (1986) Microstructure and microchemistry of slag cement pastes. Mater Res Soc Proc 86:213–22210.1557/PROC-85-213 ↗
22. Taylor H (1997) Cement chemistry, 2nd edn. Thomas Telford, London10.1680/cc.25929 ↗
23. Richardson IG (2004) Tobermorite/jennite- and tobermorite/calcium hydroxide-based models for the structure of C-S-H: applicability to hardened pastes of tricalcium silicate, beta-dicalcium silicate, Portland cement, and blends of Portland cement with blast-fumace slag, metakaolin, or silica fume. Cem Concr Res 34(9):1733–177710.1016/j.cemconres.2004.05.034 ↗
24. Mondal P, Shah SP, Marks L (2007) A reliable technique to determine the local mechanical properties the nanoscale for cementitious materials. Cem Concr Res 37:1440–144410.1016/j.cemconres.2007.07.001 ↗
25. Davydov D, Jirásek M, Kopecký L (2011) Critical aspect of nano-indentation technique in application to hardened cement paste. Cem Concr Res 41:20–2910.1016/j.cemconres.2010.09.001 ↗
26. Constantimides G, Ulm FJ (2007) The nanogranular nature of C-S-H. J Mech Phys Solids 55:64–9010.1016/j.jmps.2006.06.003 ↗
27. Duan HL, Jiao Y, Yi X, Huang ZP, Wang J (2006) Solutions of inhomogeneity problems with Graded shells and application to core–shell nanoparticles and composites. J Mech Phys Solids 54:1401–142510.1016/j.jmps.2006.01.005 ↗
28. Velez K, Maximilien S, Damidot D (2001) Determination of nanoindentation of elastic modulus and hardness of pure constituents of Portland cement clinker. Cem Concr Res 31:555–56110.1016/S0008-8846(00)00505-6 ↗
29. Manzano H, Dolado JS, Ayuela A (2009) Elastic properties of the main species present in Portland cement paste. Acta Mater 57:1666–167410.1016/j.actamat.2008.12.007 ↗
30. Haha MB, Weerdt KD, Lothenbach B (2010) Quantification of the degree of reaction of fly ash. Cem Concr Res 40:1620–162910.1016/j.cemconres.2010.07.004 ↗
31. Hansen PF, Pedersen EJ (1977) Maleinstrument til kontrol of betons haerdning. Nordisk Betong 1:21–29
32. Pane I, Hansen W (2005) Investigation of blended cement hydration by isothermal calorimetry and thermal analysis. Cem Concr Res 35(6):1155–116410.1016/j.cemconres.2004.10.027 ↗
33. Taylor R, Richardson IG, Brydson R (2010) Composition and microstructure of 20-year-old ordinary Portland cement-ground granulated blast-furnace slag blendes containing 0 to 100 % slag. Cem Concr Res 40:971–98310.1016/j.cemconres.2010.02.012 ↗
34. Yio M, Phelan J, Wong H, Buenfeld N (2014) Determining the slag fraction, water/binder ratio and degree of hydration in hardened cement pastes. Cem Concr Res 56:171–18110.1016/j.cemconres.2013.12.002 ↗
35. Darquennes A, Espion B, Staquet S (2013) How to assess the hydration of slag cement concretes. Constr Build Mater 40:1012–102010.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.09.087 ↗